A person has instincts, and one of them is the subconscious desire to stay away from a sneezing and coughing person. And this is not without reason; a viral infection is transmitted very quickly through our respiratory system.

The source of infection is most often a sick person. Around him in the airspace there is a huge amount of viruses and bacteria, which the patient himself spreads through coughing and sneezing.

Viruses tend to travel quickly through the air, especially when they are found on small particles of sputum released by a sick person.

How does ARVI become infected?

• Through the respiratory organs
• From the patient through physical contact (handshake or kiss)
• Through objects and things with which the patient had contact (linen, dishes, door handles etc.)
• Through food from the table at which the patient was sitting, this food can become a source of ARVI.
• Animals can be carriers of infection

Infection with ARVI will not always happen; it all depends on how strong a person’s immunity is. If it is weakened, then the likelihood of contracting an infection will be high.

In the fall, during times of stress and vitamin deficiency, a person’s immunity weakens, which is why it is so important to strengthen it. The drug is completely natural and allows you to short time recover from colds.

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Pathogenesis of the disease in the incubation period

The gateway through which infection enters the human body is the upper respiratory tract.

Viruses attach to epithelial cells and then penetrate the cytoplasm, which leads to destructive changes in the cell and inflammation of the nasopharyngeal mucosa.

A person infected with the virus begins to feel a pain in the nose and a sore throat. Based on the symptoms listed below, you can understand that a person is already infected and is a carrier of the infection.

The first stage of infection manifests itself as:

• Pain in the nose
• Sore throat
• Runny nose
• Dry cough
• Swelling of the nasopharyngeal mucosa

At the second stage of infection, the virus enters the blood and then with the assistance of circulatory system spreads throughout the body.

In addition to the manifestations of the first stage, the following symptoms begin:

• Lethargy and weakness
• Headaches
• Pulling pain in the lower back
• Pain in limbs
• Temperature rise

The length of the incubation period may vary. For example, with influenza it can last several hours, and with parainfluenza it can last several days.

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It is very important to support and strengthen the body not only by the absence of stress, good sleep, nutrition and vitamins, but also with the help of natural herbal remedies.

It has the following properties:

• In 2 days it kills viruses and eliminates secondary signs influenza and ARVI
• 24 hours of immune protection infectious period and during epidemics
• Kills putrefactive bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract
• The composition of the drug includes 18 herbs and 6 vitamins, plant extracts and concentrates
• Removes toxins from the body, reducing the recovery period after illness

Features of the incubation period of influenza in children

The incubation period for influenza depends on the number of viral particles that enter the body as a result of infection. The more there are, the shorter the duration.

So, children have a weaker immune system than adults and the incubation period proceeds faster.

It can last only one day, sometimes two, depending on the strength of the immune system, the particular child, and also depends on how old he is.

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Number of days during which a patient with ARVI will be infectious

A person who catches the virus becomes contagious a day before he feels the first symptoms, experts say. Accordingly, if signs of the disease appeared three days after the viruses entered the body, then the patient may become infectious already at the end of the second day after contact with the patient.

If a person feels symptoms a day or two after communicating with the carrier of the infection, then he becomes a carrier and distributor of the virus within a few hours.

For safety, it is best to start prevention carry out from the very moment of possible infection. There is no need to wait for a potential patient to develop symptoms of the disease, because by that time he can already infect his work colleagues or loved ones.

The entire time the patient has high temperature(usually three to five days), it spreads viruses

Influenza, which also refers to respiratory infections, is transmitted in the same way as any ARVI virus, but a person usually suffers from it for longer than 7 to 10 days, if no complications arise. During this entire period, the patient is dangerous to others, as he becomes a carrier of the influenza virus.

After all the symptoms of the disease disappear, the person remains a carrier of the infection for another two days. If we sum up all the days, then the period when a person remains infectious is at least 6 days.

In case of complications of the disease, bronchitis, tracheitis and so on, a person remains a carrier of bacteria until he stops coughing and blowing his nose, that is, excreting environment dangerous viruses.

Then you need to take the total period of the illness, with the occurrence of all symptoms, and add 1-2 days before the illness and 2 days after. General period It will take 1.5-2 weeks for the patient to be contagious.

One of the most simple methods ARVI infection- this is a failure to comply with banal rules of personal hygiene and nutrition. Even if a person strong immunity, which resists viruses well, does not washed hands, poor nutrition, hypothermia, all this can significantly weaken his immunity. This will contribute to the development dangerous pathogens, which will begin to multiply dynamically in the human body.

The main cause of bronchitis accompanied by sputum is a viral infection. The disease occurs due to damage by bacteria, and in some cases, when the body is exposed to allergens.

Now you can safely buy excellent natural preparations, which alleviate the symptoms of the disease, and in up to several weeks allow you to completely get rid of the disease.

Rhinoviruses and adenoviruses: how long does the infection period last?

The number of days that a patient is a carrier of infection depends on what type of virus he is infected with. Approximately 40% of all cases of viral respiratory infections are rhinoviruses, they are the record holders for infecting the population.

Rhinoviruses include about a hundred microorganisms different types, and all of them can cause infection. Rhinoviruses do not have an outer shell, they are very small, much smaller than the influenza virus, and therefore it is easier for them to enter the body and infect a person.

The incubation period for infection with rhinoviruses will be from two to five days. After which all the symptoms of the disease will appear, sneezing, runny nose, cough, etc.

If the cause of infection is rhinoviruses, then the period during which a person will be a carrier of the infection will be more than a week. To this period it is worth adding two days before the onset of symptoms and three days after their disappearance.

Less common are adenoviruses, they make up about 5% of all cases of acute respiratory viral infection. These viruses are also very diverse and survive on household items for up to two weeks if the temperature is room temperature. Therefore, when the patient has recovered, there is a possibility of re-infection.

The incubation period for such viruses is different and can range from 5–7 days to two weeks. If a person is infected with an adenovirus, then he will be a carrier of the infection for at least a week, at a maximum for one month

After the patient has apparently recovered, adenoviruses can cause conjunctivitis, but most often this complication occurs in children.

How many days must pass before the patient ceases to be contagious?

Viral infections of the respiratory type are very common and are most often transmitted through the respiratory system. The vast majority of people are negligent about protection methods.

Some people have a misconception that contact with a patient with ARVI is dangerous in the first few days after infection, but this is not so. The patient is contagious throughout the course of the disease; it is necessary to add to this a day before the first symptoms appear and at least two days after their disappearance.

After all the symptoms of the disease have disappeared, another 3–4 days must pass before the patient can be considered completely healthy and harmless to others

It is very difficult to completely avoid communication with patients who are at the first stage of infection, in which the signs of the disease are not yet very apparent. The biggest risk is in places with large crowds of people, such as public transport, shops, bus stops, airports and so on.

How to protect yourself from infection?

• There are drugs that strengthen the immune system and prevent viruses from entering the body. For example, Forcis, in tablet form, helps protect the mucous membrane from the penetration of harmful bacteria.
  This preparation contains cistus extract and ascorbic acid. It is convenient to use in crowded places, as well as at work.
• There is a recommendation to lubricate the inside of the nose oxolinic ointment or boric vaseline, this will also protect the mucous membrane from viruses.
• While in public transport, It is advisable to keep a clove, a piece of calamus root, or a lemon peel in your mouth. They help destroy harmful particles that enter the nasopharynx.
• And after the visit public places try to gargle with chlorophyllipt, propolis or calendula tincture.

General procedures necessary for the prevention of colds:

• Increased attention to personal hygiene, wash your hands more often after visiting public places
• Avoid rooms with a lot of dust, viruses attach to it
• Do not put unwashed hands near your nose or mouth.
• Avoid eating or drinking food or drinks that the sick person may have come into contact with.
• Avoid hypothermia
• To strengthen your immune system, eat garlic and ginger.

If you suspect that you have contracted an infection, you must take the following measures precautions:

• Need to take an aspirin tablet
• Drink warm milk before bed
• Eat a teaspoon of honey without drinking it, but simply sucking it

If you use preventive methods, then with high probability viruses will not affect you, and if you suddenly get sick, you will survive the infection much easier.

Conjunctivitis – inflammatory disease mucous membrane of the eye.

It is common in children of any age, even newborns. This disease has a variety of symptoms depending on the causes that cause inflammation.

Most forms of conjunctivitis can be contagious, but there are some that are not spread to others. This is due to the cause that causes the disease.

The pus is colored yellow, sometimes even green, and thick consistency. Inflammation begins in one eye, then, after 2-3 days, the second becomes infected. In the morning, it is difficult for the child to open his eyes due to the crusts that have formed.

Types of conjunctivitis and characteristic symptoms

The disease occurs as a result of direct contact of the mucous membrane with an object inhabited by microbes. Children often rub their eyes with dirty hands filled with pathogenic bacteria: staphylococci, streptococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, pneumococci. They are the causative agents of this disease.

Bacterial conjunctivitis is not transmitted by airborne droplets, so it spreads slowly in groups.

And yet, sick children pose a danger to others, since infection occurs through close contact. The main routes of infection with bacterial conjunctivitis:

• close contact, such as sleeping in the same bed;
• when kissing;
• when shaking hands, hugging;
• use of common household items (towels, combs, toys).

The hidden period can last up to 7 days. Already during this period, the child is able to infect others. Children are especially susceptible to infection preschool institutions, since they have common toys.

Passing through birth canal mother. If the mother has an untreated gonorrheal or chlamydia infection in the vagina, the baby picks up these microorganisms. The eyes are the first to suffer. For newborns this is very dangerous disease, as it can lead to vision loss.

Viral conjunctivitis

The most contagious conjunctivitis is viral. The incubation period lasts from 1 to 10 days.

It all depends on the child’s immunity.

The process also starts with one eye and then moves to the other.

Viral conjunctivitis may be independent disease or occurs against the background of acute respiratory viral infection, herpes, measles.

The main difference from bacterial is the nature of lacrimation. With this disease there is no pus. The inflammatory exudate has transparent view. The nature of the disease is acute, the symptoms quickly intensify.

If pus appears, consult a doctor immediately. Pus indicates that there is a bacterial infection. In this case, the treatment tactics change.

Infection occurs by airborne droplets. You can catch the virus by standing next to a sick child in a limited area: in kindergarten or on public transport. A sick person has the ability to infect others for a period of time. incubation period and all the disease. Therefore, it is important to protect the patient at the first signs of the disease.

Allergic conjunctivitis

It is a special form of the disease. Occurs in children in 25% of cases total number all forms of conjunctivitis. Allergic conjunctivitis is caused by certain allergens. May develop together with allergic rhinitis or atopic dermatitis, as well as against the background of bronchial asthma.

Allergens surround the child everywhere, the most common are:

• dust;
• food allergens;
• medical supplies;
• perfumes and cosmetics;
• animal hair;
• flower pollen.

The course of allergic conjunctivitis is similar to viral conjunctivitis, so it is difficult for parents to determine the type of disease.

There is also profuse lacrimation, itching, photophobia, but eyelid swelling and redness eyeball may be more pronounced. The disease is chronic, with periods of recovery and exacerbation.

Due to the absence of bacterial or viral flora, this type of conjunctivitis is not contagious to others. There may be cases of infection due to weakened immunity, then the child instantly becomes a source of infection.

15-20% of all suffer from allergic conjunctivitis.

Allergic conjunctivitis can be caused by a special type of mite that attaches to the base of the eyelashes. This disease is called demodicosis. According to World Organization healthcare, only 4-6% of the population does not have this mite. When ticks actively reproduce and the immune system weakens, allergic conjunctivitis with all its symptoms.

It is believed that children receive ticks from their mother during the period. Ticks cannot exist for a long time outside the human body. Therefore, ticks can only be infected through close contact, such as hugging and kissing. It turns out that conjunctivitis itself does not pose a risk of infection, and it is possible to receive a tick as a “gift”.

Fungal conjunctivitis

One more a separate species Conjunctivitis is fungal.

The mucous membrane of the eyes is affected by pathogenic fungi, of which there are about 50 species.

Some of them are constantly present on the human body, and when immunity decreases, they begin to actively multiply, leading to disease.

The most common fungi of the genus Candida. The fungus is found everywhere: in water (swimming pools, ponds), in soil (sandbox), on sick people and animals.

The course of the disease is sluggish, mainly affecting one eye. The exudate can be yellow, transparent, or have a whitish color, it all depends on the type of fungus. General symptoms the same as in other forms: redness of the eyes, swelling of the eyelids, lacrimation.

Fungal conjunctivitis can only be contracted through direct contact, most often through dirty hands or household items (for example, a towel).

Conclusion

Knowing the causes of conjunctivitis and how it is transmitted, parents can protect their child and themselves from the painful disease using minimal measures. Adults should teach children to wash their hands frequently and strengthen their immunity with all possible ways. Teachers must ensure that the child uses his own towel. Try to protect your child when the first signs of conjunctivitis appear to prevent the disease from spreading.

Roseola disease, or another name - sudden exanthema, raises many questions among young parents and even pediatricians. This childhood disease can have such symptoms that it is perceived as measles, rubella, or chicken pox. What is roseola and how contagious is a child? During research, it became known that the cause of roseola in children under two years of age is the herpes virus type six. For this reason, the disease is sometimes called pseudorubella and the contagiousness of roseola has not been established to this day.

Presumably, infection of a baby occurs in the age range from 6 to 12 months through airborne droplets. The period from the viral agent entering the body to its appearance varies from 5 days to two weeks.

In most cases, roseola in children appears on the 7th day after infection. It is worth noting that babies under 3 months of age do not suffer from this viral disease. This is justified by the fact that newborns receive antibodies from their mother's milk.

In this article you will learn:

Is baby roseola contagious?

Roseola has many names and is common among young children. This type The disease is considered unique, since it is characteristic only of children. There is no exact answer yet to the question of whether roseola is contagious or not. Presumably, the infection is caused by herpes virus type 6 and can be transmitted to family members. Characteristic features infection in adults is chronic fatigue syndrome.

At the first contact of a child with a source of infection, a sharp rise in body temperature occurs to 39.5 and above.

This condition persists for several days without other visible changes. A day after the temperature drops, a measles-like rash appears on the baby’s body, which remains on the body for 4 to 7 days.

There are several types of herpes viruses, each of which causes changes upon first contact with it.

The main ones are:

• Labial herpes - belonging to the family of herpes type 1;
• Genital herpes - belonging to the second type;
• Chickenpox is a type 3 herpes virus;
• Herpes virus type 4 – causes Epstein-Barr disease;
• Cytomegalovirus – belonging to the fifth type;
• Herpes viruses 6, 7 and 8 are poorly understood.

Infections with any type of herpes virus may not manifest themselves characteristic symptoms and remain in the body for a long time.

If the body's immune strength decreases, diseases arise that can cause severe complications and even death. Infection with herpesvirus type six occurs in the standard way, as does infection with other species of this family.

There are ways of infection:

• Airborne;
• In case of direct contact of a child with an infection;
• Oral;
• Transplacental (from mother to fetus);
• Through personal hygiene items.

All you need to know about the herpesvirus family is its ability to penetrate children's body, integrate into the structure nerve cells and remain there for life in an inactive state. Under the influence various factors viruses are activated and attack immune system person.

Expert opinion

Experts believe that roseola is contagious and can be transmitted from one child to another. The contagious period lasts from the moment the child was infected and about two more days after the body temperature returns to normal.

Infected patients are carriers of the virus; they excrete pathogenic microorganisms into the environment along with biological fluids.

Infection transmitted by airborne droplets is not uncommon. Herpes virus type six has the ability to damage mononuclear cells, causing a response protective forces body. As a result of this exposure, a characteristic rash appears on the child’s skin. In order to confirm the diagnosis of roseola rosea, it is necessary clinical trial blood tests to determine antibodies to the virus. Roseola rosea is considered one of the most contagious childhood, since the receptivity of children is almost 100%.

Sudden exanthema in childhood has very recognizable signs. But it becomes possible to determine them only at the second stage of the manifestation of clinical signs.

In medical circles, there are two classic periods of development of exanthema in children:

Feverish stage– occurs suddenly with a sharp rise in body temperature to high levels. This period lasts from 1 to 3 days. In rare cases, fever can last up to 5 days. After passing this stage, the temperature returns to normal, and no other symptoms are observed.

Possible manifestation:

• Increased drowsiness;
• Tearfulness;
• Irritability;
• Lack of appetite.

In rare cases, changes and increases in size are possible. lymph nodes under lower jaw. The period of appearance of a rash on the skin begins from the moment the body temperature decreases after 5 hours or one day. At this stage there are characteristic rashes in the form of a rash all over the skin. The red rash can remain on the body for 2 to 5 days, after which it disappears on its own without a trace. After the rash disappears, the child is considered completely healthy.

Initially localized in the chest, face and abdomen. After a few hours, the rash begins to spread to other areas. Elements of the rash upon detailed examination are: small spots and bubbles with a pinkish and reddish tint, and their contours are blurred.

When you press on the rash, it turns pale. It does not cause any discomfort to the little patient - no itching, no burning, no pain. There are no other types of skin lesions in the form of skin hyperemia, swelling and peeling.

In some cases, to make a diagnosis, specialists prescribe laboratory tests blood. In tests for exanthema, the number of leukocytes and eosinophils decreases, while the number of lymphocyte cells increases. After little patient got sick sudden exanthema, specific antibodies are formed in his body for life.

When to see a doctor

When developing, as a rule, there is no need to consult a doctor. The disease goes away on its own and is tolerated healthy body easily.

During the course of exanthema, treatment involves simple recommendations, including:

At high rates temperatures above 39, pediatricians recommend giving antipyretics medications based on paracetamol and ibuprofen. But it also happens that complications arise during the course of exanthema. Perhaps the appearance of febrile convulsive phenomena against the background of strong increases in temperature.

This is expressed in a sharp paleness skin in a child, increased frequency respiratory rhythm, involuntary shuddering of the limbs.

Sometimes a child may stretch out, not breathe, or breathe too quickly and shallowly. During this period, involuntary bowel movements may occur or bladder. This period lasts from 1 to 5 minutes.

Febrile convulsions in children under 2 years of age against the background of an increase in temperature, quite common occurrence due to underdevelopment of the nervous system. If you have a severe and prolonged fever, you should seek help from a specialist. Exists large number different, more dangerous illnesses which can cause fever.

Seeing a doctor or calling an ambulance is necessary if:

Usually babies tolerate the disease very easily, but in some medical sources it is indicated that at one time up to 17% of children with type six herpes were admitted to a hospital for treatment. They suspected blood poisoning.

In addition, this type of herpesvirus can cause complications in the central nervous system In addition to seizures, bulging of the large fontanel or meningoencephalitis may be observed. This kind complications are rare and occur in children aged one to one and a half years. Roseola was first described in 1870. Name pathological change was selected taking into account seasonality - autumn and summer. Subsequently, a pediatrician from the United States of America began studying exanthema in 1910.

In 1940, the scientist Briz conducted research that made it possible to give more detailed description disease, as well as laboratory and clinical picture. This pediatrician suggested that the main patients were children in age group from 6 months to 3 years. However, in pediatric practice there are exceptions and pseudorubella affects children under 7 years of age.

Editor

Anna Sandalova

Pulmonologist

Is pneumonia contagious to other children and how is it transmitted from one child to another? The issue of the contagiousness of the disease lies on the surface and is discussed in our article. You will also learn about the routes of transmission and the opinion of Dr. Komarovsky.

You can get a vaccination against pneumonia, that is, introduce weakened pneumococcal bacteria into the human body to strengthen immunity to the “infection.” Once there is a pathogen, the disease can be transmitted from child to child.

But is pneumonia itself transmitted or can one only become infected by provoking diseases?

Is pneumonia contagious to other children?

Before dealing with and how contagious it is, you first need to understand what type of illness is he?. The most significant for determining the question of the contagiousness of pneumonia is the division of pneumonia depending on the conditions of its occurrence into:

In-hospital pneumonia is very insidious. By number deaths it is much superior to out-of-hospital.

It usually occurs suddenly. The baby and his mother were admitted to the hospital with a simple acute respiratory viral infection or another disease. After 2-3 days, symptoms characteristic of pneumonia developed.

The infection that causes this disease multiplies quickly and spreads from another sick child throughout the ward if the room is not properly sanitized. At the same time, such flora becomes resistant to antibacterial agents.

In addition, nosocomial pneumonia can be contracted by:

• in intensive care (the body is too weakened);
• when using a tube for artificial ventilation lungs;
• if the child is sick with bronchitis (in this case the risk is especially high).

Important! Nosocomial pneumonia is difficult to treat, since “local” viruses and bacteria that multiply in medical institution, are particularly resistant to antibiotics.

Community-acquired pneumonia is less dangerous and the likelihood of infection is much lower. As a rule, such pneumonia becomes a complication:

• flu;
• rhinovirus;
• bronchitis.

Is it possible to “catch it” from a sick child?

Infection occurs through contact with other sick children. That's why You can't send your child to kindergarten, if too many classmates are sick, but continue to attend preschool.

For example, if two children living in the same room become ill with pneumonia at the same time, then the parents:

• do not ventilate the room;
• do not do regular wet cleaning;
• neglect the advice of doctors;
• leaving the course of antibiotic treatment unfinished.

The result is that both “catch” pneumonia and end up in dangerous situation. At the same time, Komarovsky does not exclude the possibility of infection, but considers it very unlikely.

How is it transmitted according to Komarovsky?

A well-known doctor who has been studying childhood lung diseases, including pneumonia, for a long time, does not exclude the possibility of contracting pneumonia from other children, but the widespread nature of this phenomenon is highly questionable. So, pneumonia in children, is it contagious to the children around them, according to Komarovsky, and how is it transmitted?

He believes that the disease is transmitted to in the rarest cases, and its development in several children at once, constantly in contact with each other, is associated not with the “exchange” of bacteria, but with external factors.

With pneumonia, mucus accumulates in the bronchi, which, if not properly treated, dries out and hardens. Hence arise inflammatory processes, causing the spread of infection and preventing respiratory function. This happens due to the neglect of bronchitis, ARVI or influenza. Therefore, it is important to consult a doctor promptly at the first signs of a cold or bronchitis.

For details on the topic “pneumonia in a child, how it is transmitted,” see the video with Komarovsky’s participation:

Important! Not all pulmonologists recognize the concept of Evgeniy Komarovsky, whose treatment and diagnostic methods are somewhat different from generally accepted ones. If you doubt their reliability, consult your doctor.

How to avoid pneumonia?

The child is very vulnerable to viral diseases– his immunity is poorly developed. In addition, children are often exposed to factors that contribute to the development of pneumonia:

• frequent hypothermia;
• low level of hygiene.

This makes children the most common risk group. To protect children from dangerous disease, you should first of all vaccinate them. Please note that there is a different drug for each age:

• at the age of up to one year, Prevenar is vaccinated;
• from one to two years – “Akt-HIB”;
• over two years old are vaccinated with Pneumo-23.

In addition to vaccinations it is important to follow preventive measures, which will protect the baby from pathogens and prevent the development of pneumonia:

Hardening is also recommended. A short period of time is good for this. contrast shower. But be careful– if you “overdo it” and give your baby a cold, then the risk of a cold, and therefore pneumonia, increases significantly. Therefore, before starting to harden your child, a consultation with a pediatrician is required.

Pay attention! If a child washes his hands for less than 20 seconds, then this procedure will not bring much effect. To avoid this problem, you need to control your baby's visit to the bathroom.

How long do you remain contagious after illness?

We have already established that it is almost impossible to become directly infected with pneumonia, but it is more than possible to “catch” the causative agent of a previous disease, for example, influenza or rhinovirus. Important to know, for how long it is worth restricting a sick child from communicating with peers in order to prevent the spread of infection.

The baby becomes “dangerous” to others 1-3 days before the onset of the disease. It is extremely difficult to avoid infection, since the disease is not yet known, but the infection has already begun to spread. Therefore, at the first sign of a cold, you need to urgently isolate the baby. This is necessary both for the safety of other children and to protect the sick person from new pathogens.

The main “contagious period” includes the time of illness itself and several days after discharge. Doctors recommend less contact with other children for two weeks from the date of amendment, but sometimes the danger to others can last up to 50 days. It's about about such “malware” as:

• flu;
• parawhooping cough;
• respiratory syncytial virus.

If one of your child’s friends has recently been ill, you need to work on his immunity for some time. They will come to the rescue vitamin complexes, vegetables and fruits.

So, you just learned from our article whether pneumonia in children is contagious or not. As you understand, the danger comes from bacteria that cause colds, causing bronchitis and pneumonia. Don’t start ARVI, go to the pediatrician and get treatment. This will protect the baby from severe consequences, and you – from unnecessary worries!

Whether a runny nose is contagious or not, and how long a person with a stuffy nose can remain potentially dangerous - such questions concern many who do not want to get sick themselves and do not want to infect their loved ones.

What is a runny nose and what does it indicate?

A runny nose is a certain reaction of the nasal mucosa to various irritants. As a result of the invasion of dust, viruses, bacteria, microbes and other organisms, increased secretion of mucus begins, with the help of which the body tries to get rid of irritation. And everything comes out of the nose together in the form of mucus. This kind of runny nose is transparent and quite liquid discharge. These are the ones that are not contagious, and you don’t have to be afraid of them.

Has similar manifestations allergic rhinitis. It may be accompanied by active sneezing. This type of runny nose is a common reaction to any pathogen - pollen, food, animal hair, household mites, etc. There is no need to be afraid of such a runny nose.

However, most runny noses are a signal to be wary. By itself, however, it is not, because All ARVIs are viral infections. Dangerous contact healthy person with such secretions. After all, the secretions of a sick person contain an abundance of viruses that are easily transmitted by airborne droplets.

There is also a runny nose that arose due to the appearance in the body bacterial infection. This may be a consequence improper treatment viral infection, when, against the background of incorrect medication use, bacteria are attached, and the patient’s condition worsens.

How can you get infected from secretions?

You can get infected by everyday means, for example, picking up the same thing that a sick person had held shortly before. After all, he could blow his nose and then hold something. This often happens in kindergartens, when children still have a rather distant understanding of hygiene.

You can also become infected in a room where a carrier of the virus has been. Especially if he blew his nose well there. After all, this way viruses spread faster throughout the room, covering a larger surface.

A runny nose is contagious to others just as much as it is a different color and consistency from normal. For example, bacterial rhinitis is green-yellow thick discharge. This kind of runny nose is definitely contagious. On average, the infectiousness of a person with ARVI is about 5 days. Afterwards, the illness subsides, and the runny nose becomes narrower. residual symptom, which does not pose a danger to others.

A small child is essentially a pioneer. He is interested in everything that surrounds him, and even though this huge new world for him is concentrated in the space of the apartment, he explores it with interest. Parents should insure their child and make his research as safe as possible.

Instructions

Children should always be supervised while swimming, otherwise water can turn from a friend into an enemy. A child only needs 6 centimeters of water to drown. Dangerous objects in this case include a toilet, a fountain, buckets of water, an inflatable pool, and a ditch with rainwater.

The most common objects that burn children today are primarily hot drinks such as coffee or tea. Among household items that cause burns, the hair straightener has become the leader.

Parents should be aware of the dangers that barbecuing can pose. In the grill, even after cooking, it releases carbon monoxide, and therefore the barbecue should absolutely not be brought into the tent if it's going to rain. Carbon monoxide settles at the bottom because it is heavier than air.

Babies under six months do not have sufficient strength to roll over. For this reason, hard mattresses are used for children of this age. A child's sleep on an orthopedic mattress, feather bed or waterbed can result in suffocation.

Plastic bags, sacks and similar things should be kept out of the reach of the child, as the baby can suffocate in them if he puts them on his head and cannot remove them due to entanglement.

Any wire, cord or cord longer than 14 centimeters can be a choking hazard for a child under 36 months of age. This age allows kids to move around, but they are not able to get out of trouble on their own. So these objects should be removed by parents from the field of view of children as far as possible.

All sockets in the house where there are small child, must be closed with special mechanisms with a shutter, in order not only to protect the baby from electric shock, but also to ensure that he cannot pull this fuse out of the socket.

Babies put all small objects into their mouths, such as buttons, coins, construction kit parts, candy, chewing gum. Parents should remove small items away from children's eyes, because the child may choke on them or stick them up his nose.