Good day, dear readers!

Today we will look at this unpleasant phenomenon on the skin, like a boil, as well as everything connected with them. So…

What is a boil?

Furuncle (boil)– pustular, characterized by acute purulent-necrotic inflammation of the hair follicle and surrounding connective tissue.

The main cause of a boil is mainly Staphylococcus aureus, less often white.

Furunculosis– massive, repeated, chronic formation of boils.

The place where the boil appears can be anywhere except the soles of the feet and palms, but most often, boils form on the back of the head, forearms, lower back, buttocks, abdomen, and lower extremities. The most painful boils are in the ear, nose, face and genitals.

The prognosis for a boil is positive, but there are still complications with this disease - thrombosis, lymphadenitis, sepsis, due to which the formation of boils is considered a fairly serious disease.

Boils have a certain seasonality - most often they form in autumn and spring. In addition, doctors note that most often, boils appear in men, but in children this is generally rare.

Development of a boil

The development of a boil can occur primarily - on healthy skin and secondarily, when development occurs against the background of other pathological conditions and diseases of the body, for example, staphyloderma.

The development of a boil occurs in 3 stages, the duration of which, in the absence of complications, is up to 10 days:

Furuncle stage 1 (beginning)– characterized by inflammation of the follicle, in which a hard infiltrate (compaction) of a bright red color with unclear boundaries appears in a given place. At the site of the inflamed follicle, pain and tingling are felt. As the boil grows, the seal increases in size, expands, and the surrounding tissues swell.

Furuncle stage 2 (3-4 days)– characterized by expansion of the boil up to 3 cm in diameter, while in the center of the compaction a purulent-necrotic core with a pustule on the surface is formed. Not only the hair follicle is involved in the process of suppuration, but also the sweat gland with the surrounding connective tissue, while the vessels around it dilate and swelling of collagen is observed. The shape of the boil begins to take on a cone-shaped shape, as if a growing mountain. Inside the “mountain”, elastic and collagen fibers are destroyed. Collagenized bundles of fibers form a thick protective ring inside the boil, preventing the infectious purulent formation from exiting into the body and its further infection, so it is very important not to squeeze out the boil without understanding the consequences of this process. The opening of the boil must be correct.

Further, the skin at the site of inflammation becomes smooth, bluish in color, and the pain intensifies. In case of extensive damage to the body by infection (in the case of a large number of boils), a person may experience symptoms of intoxication, which are expressed by general malaise, nausea, lack of appetite, headaches and an increase in body temperature up to 38 ° C.

Stage 2 of boil development ends with the spontaneous or artificial opening of the pustule and the release of its contents. The contents of the pustule are a necrotic rod of yellow-green color with a purulent formation, sometimes with the addition of blood.

Furuncle stage 3– characterized by the appearance of a “crater” at the site of opening of the abscess, which is initially filled with granulations, and after 2-3 days, scarring occurs in this place. The scar at the beginning of healing is red, but as it heals it turns white and becomes almost invisible.

The entire flow cycle may be erased; for example, the entire process sometimes occurs only with the formation of an infiltrate, i.e. without pus and necrosis. In other cases, the boil, against the background of weakened immunity and other diseases, acquires an abscess or phlegmonous form.

Furuncle - ICD

ICD-10: L02;
ICD-9: 680.9.

The main cause of the boil– an infection of a bacterial nature, predominantly golden, less often white.

This infection is present on the surface of the skin of almost every person, but due to strong immunity, normal functioning of all other organs and systems, as well as the absence of violations of the integrity of the skin, staphylococcus does not harm health in any way. By the way, a weakened immune system is one of the main reasons for the development of many.

A boil develops when two conditions are combined - the presence of an infection and a pathological factor, which can be external (exogenous) or internal (endogenous).

External causes of a boil:

• Skin contamination;
• Skin trauma - microtraumas, cracks, cuts (especially when shaving), scratching with nails, rubbing the skin with uncomfortable clothes or shoes;
• Poor quality food;
• or its overheating;
• Permanent.

Internal causes of boils;

• Reduced immunity;
• Increased sweating and sebum secretion;
• Violation of metabolic processes - metabolism;
• Alcohol abuse, smoking;
• The presence of diseases such as staphyloderma, as well as others, and systems of infectious etiology.

Furuncle - symptoms

The main symptom of a boil– formation in the area of ​​the inflamed follicle of a red compaction (infiltrate), up to 3 cm in diameter, on the surface of which a pustule forms over time. Inside the boil there is a purulent-necrotic core and a purulent formation, sometimes mixed with blood. In some cases, the boil is treated only by the formation of a reddened infiltrate.

Other symptoms of a boil include pain and a tingling sensation in the inflamed area, as well as swelling of surrounding tissues.

Against the background of weakened immunity and the spread of infection within the body, general malaise, increased fatigue, drowsiness, loss of appetite, etc. may be observed.

After the necrotic tissue is rejected, healing occurs through scarring. Most often, boils appear on the skin of the neck, back of the head, face, back, and thighs. The appearance of boils in different stages development is called furunculosis, and purulent-necrotic inflammation of the skin and subcutaneous tissue around a group of hair follicles and sebaceous glands - a carbuncle. If a boil is found on the face, serious complications are possible (purulent meningitis, sepsis).

Complications of a boil

Complications of a boil can be:

• Arachnoiditis;
• Phlebitis;
• Erysipelas;
• upper lip or nose;
• Sinus thrombosis;
• Lymphangitis;
• Lymphadenitis;

Types of boils

The classification of the boil is made as follows…

Downstream:

• Acute boil - classical development boil;
• Chronic boil (furunculosis) – characterized by a large number boils at different stages of development, over a long period of time.

By origin:

• Primary – development occurs when the integrity of the skin is violated and infection penetrates into this area.
• Secondary - development occurs against the background of existing skin diseases - eczema, staphyloderma and others.

Furuncle - diagnosis

Diagnosis of a boil includes:

• Visual inspection;
• Anamnesis;
• Dermatoscopy;
• Bacterial inoculation of the contents of the boil.

Additional diagnostic methods may be:

• General urine test;
• Urine culture;
• Pharyngoscopy;
• Rhinoscopy;
• sinuses;
• brain.

Furuncle - treatment

How to treat a boil? Treatment of a boil primarily depends on the stage inflammatory process.

At the first stage of the boil (infiltration period) apply ultraviolet irradiation.

At the second stage (maturation period) To stop the infection and relieve pain, a blockade is placed - the boil is injected around the circumference with solutions of antibacterial drugs and novocaine. Injections are carried out in the surgical department.

The antibiotic is selected based on diagnosis and resistance (resistance) to the infection.

Among the most used antibiotics for the treatment of boils are:"Amoxicillin", "Methicillin", "Oxacillin", "", "".

Together with antibacterial therapy, sulfonamides are often prescribed.

To avoid allergic processes in the body from the use of antibiotics, antihistamines are used: “Diphenhydramine”, “Pipolfen”, “”.

The effectiveness of the blockade in the “classical” course of the boil is characterized by rapid recovery. In other cases, it leads to a more rapid course of the disease - activation of the inflammatory process, its delimitation and rapid healing.

To prevent damage to the inflamed area, which causes pain and the risk of rupture of the internal protective “ring” in which the purulent contents are located, a removable plaster splint is applied to the boil.

If the blockade is ineffective and the inflammatory process with pain intensifies, it is repeated every other day or every day until the boil opens and the purulent-necrotic core comes out. In this case, a bandage with a 1% solution of silver nitrate is applied to the inflamed area, which must be changed daily.

Ichthyol is an effective remedy for pain relief, disinfection and relief of inflammation. A hair is removed from the center of the boil, after which a thick layer of “Ichthyol ointment” is applied to the boil, onto which loosened cotton wool must be applied. When dry, cotton wool forms a so-called “ichthyol cake”, which is easily washed off with warm water. Such dressings should be done 1-2 times a day. However, remember that such “cakes” cannot be applied to an opened boil, since they will prevent the normal drainage of purulent contents and the core from it.

After opening the boil, its cavity is washed with a 3% solution of hydrogen peroxide and bandages are applied with a hypertonic solution of sodium chloride, which is intended to cleanse it of necrotic masses. The purulent-necrotic core of the boil can be removed only after it is completely separated from the surrounding tissues.

Important! Under no circumstances should you open a boil by squeezing, since there is a high probability of breaking the internal protective ring, after which the infection can spread throughout the body causing a number of serious and life-threatening complications!

In the third stage (healing period), after extracting the contents of the boil, the skin around the boil is treated with alcohol, brilliant green (diamond green) or methylene blue.

Bandages with Vishnevsky or Levomekol ointment are applied to the site of the boil, changing them every 2-3 days. If granulations are present, indifferent fatty dressings are applied, based on fish oil, sterile Vaseline oil, syntomycin emulsion and others.

Surgical treatment is used for complications of the boil - phlegmon, advanced forms of the carbuncle or abscessing boils. Surgical treatment of a boil involves making an incision into the boil and extracting its contents, after which the usual treatment regimen is applied. Sometimes complete excision of the boil is performed with suturing.

Treatment of boils is carried out until the infiltrate (compaction) is completely reabsorbed, otherwise they may appear. various complications boil.

Complicated boils are treated only in a hospital setting. For furunculosis, as well as for various additional complications, concomitant diseases are treated.

Additional methods of treating boils are sometimes:

• methods of physiotherapy - ultraviolet irradiation, infrared irradiation (sollux), UHF;
• diet - includes limiting spicy and fatty foods, spices, alcoholic beverages;
• additional intake of iron, which is aimed at strengthening the immune system and other systems, normalizing metabolic processes and speeding up the patient’s recovery;
• Autohemotherapy is often an effective remedy for furunculosis.

What should you not do if you have a boil?

• Squeeze out the boil, especially during its maturation;
• Massage the area of ​​inflammation;
• Use warm compresses, poultices and other wet procedures.

Important! Before using folk remedies for treating boils at home, be sure to consult with your doctor!

Turmeric ointment for boils. The following ointment has a pulling property. To prepare it, you need to mix 1 teaspoon of turmeric powder with half a teaspoon of ginger, 1 tbsp. a spoonful of honey and a pinch of salt. Mix everything thoroughly, and wrap the mixture in gauze and apply it to the boil. To increase efficiency, wrap the top of the bandage with cling film and secure it on top with a scarf or bandage.

Wax ointment for boils. Melt the good stuff in a bowl butter, then add beeswax shavings to it in a ratio of 4:1. Simmer the mixture over low heat, stirring until the wax is completely dissolved, but do not bring to a boil. Wax ointment against boils should be applied warm, as a compress, for 2 days without changing.

Honey. Mix 1 tbsp. spoon with flour, bringing the mixture to the consistency of clay, then apply this cake to the boil, apply a bandage and hold until the abscess opens.

Aloe. Take large leaf adult, wash it, remove the spines and remove the top layer of peel with a knife, from the flat side. Apply the cut side of the leaf to the boil and secure it on top with a bandage. Change the leaf 2 times a day until the boil matures and breaks through.

Plantain. Wash and fold several leaves in several layers, securing them with a bandage. Change the bandage every 1-2 hours until the abscess opens.

Treat the opened boil silver water, alcohol, hydrogen peroxide or Chlorgeskidine so that the “crater” and surrounding tissues are cleared of infection.

Prevention of the appearance of a boil includes the following recommendations:

• Follow the rules of household and industrial hygiene, do not use other people’s hygiene items for personal use;
• Try to eat foods enriched with vitamins and microelements;
• If the skin surface is injured, treat the wound;
• Avoid hypothermia;
• Avoid stress, or learn to overcome it without harming your health;
• Don't leave it to chance various diseases so that they don't go into chronic form, especially for diabetes mellitus, obesity, eczema, staphyloderma and others.

Furuncle - doctor

Furuncle - video

boil)- acute purulent-necrotic inflammation of the hair follicle, sebaceous gland and surrounding connective tissue, caused by pyogenic bacteria, mainly Staphylococcus aureus. When a boil occurs, nearby tissues are affected, which causes severe pain, itching, burning and discomfort. A boil that has broken out looks like this: a large red swelling, in the center of which a purulent formation is visible.

Furuncle - diagram

Boils occur only at the root of the hair and differ from ordinary pimples in size, appearance and pain. Most often, the cause of such inflammation on the skin is banal hypothermia or weak immunity. A single inflammation goes away quite quickly, but a whole scattering of boils indicates serious health problems and requires treatment.

Causes of boils:

Important information! If multiple boils appear on the skin, you should consult a doctor. If left untreated, the primary stage of inflammation can develop into furunculosis, a disease in which new ones appear in place of old inflammations.

Types of boils and their frequent localization

Boils that are painful to the touch can appear on any part of the skin, but most often the inflammation is localized in certain areas of the body: the back of the head, buttocks, arms, face, hips and lower back.

Table

Name	Description
	A single inflammation of the skin that goes away quickly without treatment.
	This is a whole focus of inflammation, affecting several hair follicles located nearby. During the process of “maturation” of boils, inflamed tissues unite into one focus, which has several necrotic formations at once. With a carbuncle, pus comes out from several places. Most often it forms on the back of the head, hips and lower back.
	This inflammatory process is characterized by the appearance of many cysts located deep in the skin. Most often, cysts are filled with pus, which is why red bumps form on the face, when touched, a person feels severe pain. This disease requires long-term treatment; if the disease is ignored, deep scars form on the skin due to constant inflammation.
	The localization of this boil is the intergluteal fold. Most often, inflammation is provoked by several reasons: hypothermia, sedentary image life, poor hygiene. The boil that forms in such an intimate place has a long necrotic rod that penetrates deep into the skin. The disease is accompanied by increased body temperature, severe pain and inflammation at the site of boil formation. In particular difficult cases Several foci of inflammation arise, united into a large carbuncle.
	The localization of these inflammations is the groin and armpits. Many boils without necrotic cores form in place of the sweat glands deep in the skin. The disease is accompanied by severe abscess, pain, fever, chills, and weakness. Hidradenitis cannot be cured without surgery; an advanced form of the disease can provoke sepsis.

Important information! Boils cannot be squeezed out; most often the necrotic core that has been torn comes out on its own after ripening. Any intervention not under the supervision of a doctor can result in blood poisoning or severe furunculosis.

How to distinguish a boil from a regular pimple

Chiria and boils are distinctive signs

To distinguish a boil from a regular pimple, you need to know the symptoms and course of the inflammatory process. The first and most reliable symptom is the appearance of a painful swelling, in the center of which there is a hair. Inflammation is accompanied by itching and pain. After some time, the boil increases in size, affecting nearby tissues, the necrotic purulent formation becomes more obvious, and pulsation is felt on the affected area of ​​the skin. Complete ripening of the purulent core occurs in 3-4 days. In particularly difficult cases, the diameter of the rod with pus can exceed several centimeters.

Pathology, which is characterized by the appearance of multiple boils in limited areas and may be disseminated in nature, is called furunculosis.

This is a more serious lesion, which can be complicated by elevated body temperature, weakness, and muscle pain. In some cases, enlarged lymph nodes are diagnosed, especially if foci of inflammation are nearby.

The back is the place where boils are most likely to appear

Important information! If the inflammation is too large or many boils have formed on the skin, you should immediately consult a doctor. In addition to treating purulent cores, antibiotics should be included in the treatment complex.

Antibiotics used to treat furunculosis

Table

Name	Description
	This semi-synthetic drug acts on gram-positive bacteria, for example, staphylococcus, which most often causes boils. The antibiotic destroys the membranes of bacteria and prevents their reproduction. The drug has a number of contraindications, so before taking it it is recommended to read the instructions or consult a doctor.
	This medicine used to treat skin ailments associated with pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus. The antibiotic has a detrimental effect on inflammatory pathogens and has a bactericidal effect. Daily dose medications are prescribed by a doctor based on the symptoms of the disease and individual data.
	This drug has an antibacterial and antiprotozoal effect by inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial nucleic acids. Taking this medicine allows you to achieve a bactericidal concentration of metronidazole in tissues, which allows you to act as quickly as possible on the causative agents of inflammation. It has a number of contraindications and side effects and is contraindicated for children under 3 years of age.
	This drug is an antibiotic wide range, has a detrimental effect on most known strains of pathogenic microorganisms, and has bactericidal properties. Successfully fights penicillin-resistant strains of bacteria. This effective antibiotic has a number of contraindications and is prescribed only after reaching 18 years of age. Dispensed by prescription.
	This antibiotic is prescribed for heavy currents furunculosis, the drug destroys the walls of bacteria staphylococci, streptococci, clostridia. It is quickly absorbed into the blood, effectively affects the source of inflammation, and promotes the outflow of pus. It is prescribed only after determining sensitivity to the components of the antibiotic; it has a number of contraindications. For children and pregnant women it is prescribed according to vital signs. Sold by prescription only.

Important information. Taking and prescribing antibiotics on your own is dangerous to your health. Modern drugs have a wide range of contraindications and side effects that can aggravate or provoke existing chronic diseases.

Ointments and preparations for the treatment of boils

In addition to antibiotics, for the treatment of boils, special drugs are prescribed that increase the outflow of pus, reduce inflammation and pain. Ointments prescribed for the treatment of inflammation are divided into three types: those affecting pathogenic bacteria, drawing and healing.

Name	Description
	This ointment contains an antibiotic that has a detrimental effect on the strain of bacteria that causes inflammation. The active substances included in the ointment destroy the walls of bacteria, promote the outflow of pus, and reduce inflammation. It is recommended to use the ointment in the first days of the appearance of boils.
	This ointment contains antibiotics, antihistamines and painkillers. When using the drug, swelling and pain are reduced, and the growth of pathogenic bacteria is suppressed.
	This ointment belongs to the group of drugs that draw out pus. In addition to suppressing the growth of bacteria and reducing inflammation, the drug has a good wound-healing and drying effect on the skin. Apply the ointment after the necrotic formation has matured. Castor oil included in the drug helps reduce itching and swelling.
	This medicine has a pungent odor due to the sulfur included in the composition. The ointment accelerates the ripening of the rod, helps remove pus from the wound, and has a wound-healing effect.
	This medication is used after the pus-filled rod comes out of the wound. Zinc included in the ointment helps dry the skin, reduce swelling and inflammation.
	This medication can only be used when the rod comes out of the wound. If you apply the ointment before the boil matures, you can provoke the development of a subcutaneous abscess, which in the future will have to be removed surgically. The ointment has a wound-healing effect, reduces swelling and pain, and helps remove residual pus from the wound.

Traditional recipes for the treatment of furunculosis in the early stages

If it is not possible to visit a doctor, you can try to reduce pain and swelling during inflammation using traditional recipes. Also folk remedies help speed up the ripening of the rod and remove pus from the wound.

Freshly squeezed onion and garlic juice helps localize inflammation, accelerate the maturation of the stem and the removal of pus. To treat a boil, it is recommended to lubricate the affected area of ​​skin with freshly squeezed onion or garlic juice several times a day.

If inflammation has formed on the thighs or buttocks, then you can use the following recipe: mix honey and flour until a thick mass is formed. Apply the resulting cake to the inflamed formation. Honey is a natural antiseptic and helps remove pus from the wound.

Aloe has antiseptic and antimicrobial effects. To reduce inflammation and provoke the outflow of pus, it is recommended to apply the crushed plant to the boil.

Coltsfoot has a wound-healing and anti-inflammatory effect, so crushed fresh leaves are effective in reducing inflammation and fast healing skin. It is recommended to use this plant after the rod comes out of the wound.

Important information! It is worth remembering that any self-medication can be not only useless, but also dangerous to health.

Procedures that should not be done when boils appear

It is worth remembering that squeezing out the boil is strictly not recommended. Intervention can provoke the appearance of a subcutaneous abscess and the spread of infection to nearby tissues.

Heating the skin or using warming preparations for furunculosis is also not recommended, as this can provoke the growth of pathogenic bacteria and an increase in the source of inflammation.

Summing up

Boils are the first signs of problems with the immune system. If furunculosis appears constantly, you should undergo an examination to identify the cause of the disease. It is also recommended to eat well, avoid hypothermia, avoid alcohol and maintain personal hygiene.

Video - What is furunculosis and how to deal with it

Find out why boils appear on the body, what is the treatment for this disease. Furunculosis is a fairly common disease that most often appears on the face, but can occur anywhere. It happens differently for everyone.

Boils on the body - causes and treatment

Very often their formation is facilitated by weakened immunity. There are many more, both internal and external factors that cause furunculosis.

Internal factors:

• various chronic diseases with a history of inflammation;
• metabolic problems;
• diet low in fruits, vegetables, vitamin deficiency;
• excess weight, diabetes;
• disturbances in the functioning of the digestive tract, nervous and endocrine systems;
• stress, depression;
• physical, nervous exhaustion;
• anemia;
• smoking, alcohol;
• taking certain medications.

External factors:

• hypothermia, just like overheating of the body;
• injured areas of the skin - abrasions, cracks, scratches;
• skin diseases – dermatitis, eczema, scabies;
• failure to maintain personal hygiene;
• the use of certain household products causes skin inflammation, including the appearance of boils;
• high level of sweating;
• Tight clothing that rubs in different places allows pathogenic microflora to penetrate into the abraded areas.

These reasons cause increased proliferation of dangerous microorganisms, staphylococci. With weak immunity, the fight against them is not carried out in the right way, and boils appear.

Treatment of furunculosis will depend on the degree of the rash and its location.

The objectives of treatment with medications are: accelerating the process of maturation of the abscess, disinfection after its breakthrough, so that there is no repeated suppuration and infection of adjacent tissues.

For this purpose, pulling ointments and antiseptics are widely used, and in some severe cases antibiotics are prescribed.

At the stage of formation of the abscess, it is necessary to constantly treat it with antiseptics and do this until the boil matures. Accelerate the maturation of the ointment with a pulling effect. In rare cases, surgical opening of the abscess is prescribed.

Clinical signs and symptoms

At the very beginning of the formation of a boil, a slight inflammation (infiltrate) appears around the hair follicle, which gradually involves the entire pouch. Next, a cone-shaped, convex formation is formed.

Symptoms increase, severe pain and swelling appear. The pain periodically becomes throbbing and twitching.

Swelling is especially high with boils on the neck and face. After three to four days, purulent masses accumulate in the central part of the infiltrate. Externally, this is manifested by the appearance of a white spot. If you press nearby with a finger, you can feel the movement of purulent masses inside.

After opening this inflammatory focus, pus is released and a small ulcer is formed. Inside it you can see a greenish rod of necrotic tissue; this rod allows the doctor to diagnose a boil.

The rod begins to tear away. Remains of pus also come out with it. Then healing begins, the pain subsides, the redness subsides.

The ulcer may remain for some time until the necrotic and purulent masses are completely removed. Then either complete healing occurs, or nearby follicles become infected. The disease can become chronic.

There are no specific, favorite places for localization of boils. But still, most often, they appear on the forearms, face, back of the neck, thighs, and buttocks.

We can say that boils love places where there is the greatest accumulation of sebaceous glands. In mild forms, when there are not many rashes, the person’s general condition does not suffer in any way.

The greatest danger is represented by boils in the area of ​​the nasolabial triangle, in the area of ​​the ear canal. Here the inflammation can go deeper, causing general intoxication. Fever and headache appear. Therefore, the disease must be treated in the initial stages and the process not allowed to progress further.

The most effective treatments

The most effective antibacterial ointments in the fight against boils are considered to be: Vishnevsky ointment and ichthyol ointment.

Vishnevsky ointment is prepared on the basis of plant components. When applied, a persistent film is formed on the affected area. The pulling properties are determined by tissue irritation at the site of application.

As a result, blood rushes to the inflamed area and increased metabolic process. The ointment accelerates the maturation of the abscess, its opening, and subsequently helps the healing of the scar. This product does not contain antibiotics, so it can be used at the onset of the disease.

Ichthyol ointment is a powerful bactericidal, decongestant and anti-inflammatory agent with an analgesic effect. This ointment should be applied when the purulent head has already appeared. Ichthyol ointment will reliably protect against further spread of infection.

These products are available in any pharmacy and are inexpensive. The only thing that can cause negative effects in use is a strong, repulsive smell. They have more advantages than disadvantages, so you have to put up with the smell.

Antibiotic ointment - tetracycline - helps well in the process of getting rid of boils. Its effectiveness in the fight against furunculosis pathogens, in particular staphylococcus, is high.

Heparin ointment helps to anesthetize the affected area, disinfect, and relieve inflammation.

Bactroban is also an antibiotic ointment. Its action is directed against staphylococcus, so it is effective against pustular furunculosis.

Antibacterial therapy

To treat multiple boils, a specialist may prescribe antibiotics. Antibiotics can be included in ointments and applied externally. Antibiotics are prescribed internal use to avoid sepsis and other serious diseases.

Good ointments with antibactericidal action - Mupirocin, Bactroban, suppressive different types staphylococci.

If you have developed resistance to some drugs, Fuzidin sodium gel will help.

Ointments are applied no more than twice a day, covering the affected area with a sterile bandage.

When boils are localized on the face, neck, or other parts adjacent to the head, oral antibiotics are prescribed. These drugs are also prescribed for frequent recurrent furunculosis and abscess formation.

The specific type of antibiotic is selected by a specialist after conducting a series of studies in order to identify the type of infection and the type of microorganisms. You cannot prescribe treatment for yourself; you can start the process and harm the body.

Antibiotics used in the treatment of furunculosis:

• amoxiclav;
• lincomycin;
• fusidine sodium;
• cephalexin and some others.

The drugs have side effects. Some are not suitable for pregnant women and children; some are intolerant to certain components, so only a doctor prescribes an antibiotic. He will take into account the entire clinical course of the disease, concomitant diseases and get rid of boils as quickly as possible.

Video

How to treat at home

How to treat boils on the body at home?

It is better to consult a doctor about the use of folk remedies, and if he does not reject this option, then you can be treated in one of the following ways:

1. Baths, compresses using herbs, plants, etc. natural products, available to everyone. You may not even have to look for or buy anything, everything will be in the refrigerator, on the windowsill, on the table.
2. The most beloved by all, the most effective are baths using pine needles. Will do pine oil, a few drops of it are mixed with water and immersed in it for about 15 minutes, no more. Repeat the procedure daily. The result will not be long in coming.
3. When a boil ripens, aloe is great to speed up the process. Take a piece of aloe leaf of suitable size, remove the skin from one side and apply it to the inflamed area. Secure with a bandage or adhesive tape. Change it a couple of times a day, or more often.
4. Chop a garlic clove and apply to the abscess. Place clean gauze on top and secure with adhesive tape.
5. Baked onions are great for drawing out pus from boils. It is applied to the boil at night, and by the morning there will be a clear improvement.
6. To pull out the rod, a crushed leaf of fresh plantain helps, which is applied to the abscess overnight.
7. 100 g laundry soap grate, combine with 100 g of honey and steam (water bath), add 100 g of flour, knead and form a flat cake. Use it to cover the abscess.
8. An ordinary house ficus will help to overcome this scourge. One leaf is turned into pulp. The other is kept in boiling water until softened. Then put the paste on the boil, cover it with a hot sheet, and secure it overnight.

Surgical removal

Surgical intervention is required in case of complications that arise, with the formation of carbuncles, phlegmon, abscessing furunculosis, in cases where the purulent core is not rejected. The surgeon who opens abscesses knows exactly how to remove the abscess and all the pus in order to prevent pathogenic bacteria from entering the bloodstream.

Removing an abscess is divided into several stages. As a rule, the operation is performed under local anesthesia; after the procedure is completed, the wound is carefully treated, and then dressings using ointments are prescribed.

After surgical removal If a boil occurs, the patient may remain in the hospital for several days. The doctor will show you how to treat the wound and bandage it. The specialist, observing the patient, will tell you how long the treatment will last when the wound is completely healed. Full recovery depends on the specific case, so everything is purely individual.

The procedure itself involves opening the abscess using a sharp instrument. The boil is punctured, then the pus is removed. In some cases, drainage of the damaged area is required.

Why do these ulcers constantly appear?

Reason frequent boils Often, incorrect treatment of previous abscesses occurs. Or they were not fully treated. In these cases, the infection enters the bloodstream and spreads throughout the body, and the ulcers appear again.

Most often, self-medication leads to this. Many people like to squeeze out ulcers, pierce them, trying to get the purulent core out. Thereby driving purulent accumulations deeper, which makes it easier for them to enter the blood.

Poor immunity, lack of vitamins, etc. can also complicate the situation. bad habits, various external factors, chronic diseases. To get rid of this scourge, you need to see a doctor who will prescribe the necessary antibiotic and help remove the cause of the disease.


To accelerate the maturation of abscesses, each one should be treated with ichthyol or Vishnevsky ointment. And do this every 4 hours.

The doctor can open boils that do not ripen for a long time surgically, removing the core of the abscess. The wound is treated with hydrogen peroxide or another antiseptic, preventing the formation of a new abscess in this place.

After the pus is removed, there is a recovery period. They may prescribe Levomekol ointment, or compresses with ichthyol, which will draw out all the remnants of purulent accumulations and help the wounded skin heal quickly.

It is always much easier to prevent a disease than to treat it. It will be enough to maintain hygiene, eat vitamins in the form of vegetables and fruits, and support the body with a balanced diet and physical activity.

These activities will strengthen protective forces body and prevent the appearance of boils. Severe hypothermia of the body should be avoided, as well as overheating; one should not overexert the body or exhaust oneself with stress.

Eliminating spots from boils

After the boil heals, unsightly bluish spots, welts, and scars often form. It is difficult to get rid of these consequences of ulcers. It happens that over time, skin defects disappear, but, more often than not, traces remain.

Special ointments prescribed by a doctor help soften the skin, even out the color, and smooth out unevenness:

1. Dermatix gel effectively helps correct skin defects. It forms an invisible film that softens the skin at the scar site. The gel soothes the skin, relieves itching, and evens out pigmentation in the affected area.
2. Contractubex ointment also helps to remove the visible effects of boils. It removes residual inflammatory processes, smoothes the skin, and tightens it.

The treatment will be long-term. It is necessary to smear twice a day, for at least a month. During this time, the skin will soften, smooth out, and the color will be equal to the adjacent areas.

Fresh lemon juice will get rid of spots on the body after boils.

There are also good folk remedies that have a pronounced whitening effect:

• grated fresh cucumber;
• lubricate the stained areas with kefir or yogurt;
• oatmeal, white clay;
• hydrogen peroxide;
• vegetable, fruit juices (apple, citrus, tomato);
• a decoction of parsley, bodyaga with the addition of aloe.

A cosmetology office or salon can offer a wide range of treatments to remove stains and scars. This can be hardware cosmetology, laser resurfacing of skin irregularities, peeling. Before contacting a cosmetologist, it is recommended to consult a dermatologist.

Possible consequences and complications

Boils should not be taken lightly, just like some small abscess. Sometimes it threatens complications.

Staphylococcus, penetrating into the blood and getting into all organs with it, can cause disease of the lungs, heart, meninges and other vital organs.

Complications lead to:

• untimely start of treatment;
• improper treatment;
• attempts to independently cure a boil using unacceptable methods (puncture, squeezing, incision);
• weak immunity;
• use of certain medications;
• chronic diseases.

Complications can be divided into several groups according to location. These are local: carbuncle, abscess, phlegmon, erysipelas. Remote: phlebitis, thrombophlebitis, inflammation of adjacent lymph nodes. General complications: furunculosis, sepsis.

Furunculosis is a skin disease that occurs most often and the manifestations of which everyone has encountered.

Diagram of boil formation: fatty secretions from the sebaceous gland, skin and hair follicle

What are boils?

What is a boil and how to treat it interests many who are faced with this disease. The external manifestation of furunculosis is inflammation of the hair follicles - boils; foci of inflammation can be single or multiple, but the cause of their appearance is staphylococcus. Their treatment is quick and painless. Most often, boils form on the face, back and side of the neck, forearms and elbows, thighs and buttocks. In women, chiria can occur in the labia majora area. Only a specialist can answer how to cure a boil so that it does not appear again and how to quickly cure furunculosis, because with proper treatment, even chronic furunculosis can be permanently cured in a month or two. Without treatment, furunculosis can appear several times a year.

Furunculosis - causes and treatment

Furunculosis is a disease characterized by many boils at the same time or boils that constantly appear one after another. Furunculosis can be acute, accompanied by a large number of ulcers that arise simultaneously, and chronic, in which one boil is replaced by another and so on for a long period of time, which can last more than one year. Also, the disease can be widespread (disseminated), when all the inflammation is located throughout the body, and limited (localized), when the ulcers are concentrated in one area.

Furunculosis manifests itself due to the activation of staphylococcal microflora, which gives impetus to the development of the inflammatory process. The appearance of a boil, or chiria, is similar to the appearance of a large pimple, but the consequences are different, so you should pay close attention to the body’s signals and consult a specialist to avoid complications.

Typical symptoms of furunculosis:

• itching, burning and tingling of the skin;
• numbness of the skin (locally);
• swelling, pain, redness of the skin;
• appearance painful lump on the skin;
• bluish skin area;
• general weakness (vomiting and nausea, loss of appetite);
• headache, insomnia;
• temperature;
• fever;
• purulent or spotting in the center of the abscess.

If furunculosis affects the lips, eyelids, scrotum or brow ridges, noticeable swelling appears. Having noticed a boil, you cannot begin treatment on your own - you need to consult a doctor.

In no case should you squeeze out the formed ulcers - this is dangerous for life and health; one of the negative consequences of squeezing out boils is the formation of new ones.

Headache often accompanies furunculosis

What are the causes of furunculosis?

There are many reasons for furunculosis, and most of them come from a weakened immune system and neglect of personal hygiene: constantly dirty skin, immune system failure, hypothermia, colds and infections, metabolic disorders, hyperhidrosis, excessive activity of the sebaceous glands, ingrown hairs, overwork, diabetes mellitus , intoxication of the body, chronic stress, hit foreign object into the body.

And other problems:

• nervous system failure;
• alcoholism;
• anemia;
• hypovitaminosis;
• diseases thyroid gland;
• nervous disorders;
• intestinal diseases;
• exhaustion.

Whatever the cause of chiria, it must be remembered that without proper treatment it will not go away and cannot resolve on its own. Many patients are interested in how to cure furunculosis at home. Treating chiria at home with ointments and poultices will also not work. desired result, because it is necessary to eliminate the cause of the disease, and not its external manifestations. Furunculosis does not go away without a trace - it often leads to more serious diseases.

Alcoholism is one of the problems that provoke furunculosis

How is furunculosis treated?

Along with the use of ointments, creams and poultices, the use of antibiotics is strictly prohibited, because their action can significantly complicate the search for the cause of the boil. The causes and treatment of furunculosis can only be determined by a specialist. Treatment of boils by heating and squeezing out ulcers is prohibited - the infection can spread throughout the body. The most dangerous thing is to try to squeeze out boils in and around the nose on your own, due to the fact that the cerebral blood supply is closely connected to the vessels located near the nasolabial folds, and an infection that gets into these vessels can lead to inflammation of the lining of the brain. The doctor will determine how to treat the boil, based on the results of all tests and taking into account the reasons that led to this purulent disease.

Stages of boil development

Chiriy is formed in several stages, which take about ten days. At the first, called the infiltration stage, the inflammation process is internal. After infection enters the body, inflammation begins - lymphocytes and leukocytes try to overcome pathogens. At this time, redness of the skin in the local area is observed, swelling begins and pain appears. The reddened area of ​​skin becomes hot. The body's immune system uses neutrophils - cells that absorb pathogenic bacteria, break them down within themselves and die.

The second stage is called the necrosis stage. At this time, as a result of the action of neutrophils, living and dead cells form an internal core of pus around the inflamed follicle. A convex, painful abscess with a white tip appears; when it opens, the pus comes out. When this happens, swelling subsides, pain and redness decrease.

The final stage is the healing stage, when the wound from the abscess heals. After large boils, scars may remain.

Without treatment, one boil can lead to phlegmon - a floating focus of inflammation, which is fraught with serious complications and requires long-term treatment. Furunculosis often manifests itself in the form of hidradenitis, which is popularly called bitch udder; this manifestation of a purulent disease is treated exclusively surgically, since internal pus cannot be resolved independently or with medication.

Cellulitis: skin, cellulose membrane, fat and granulation (healing)

How are boils treated?

To treat chiria, it is extremely important to consult a specialist in a timely manner. A dermatologist will tell you how to treat furunculosis, and you will have to contact an immunologist and surgeon if necessary. To diagnose furunculosis and the causes that caused it, extensive studies are carried out. Additional consultations are scheduled with an otolaryngologist, gynecologist, endocrinologist, and urologist. After completing the diagnosis, the doctor prescribes treatment.

If the boil appears for the first time, and pus has not yet formed, the dermatologist will determine a number of drugs, the use of which will cause the boil to resolve. At this stage, physiotherapy, antiseptic drugs, vitamins and antibiotics are usually used. You should not try to resolve boils on your own, although on specialized forums patients are offered various ointments and ampoules that supposedly can eliminate the appearance of boils forever.

In the event that a patient does not go to a medical facility in a timely manner and an abscess forms, it is necessary surgery. If internal pus appears, this is a signal that it is necessary to open the abscess.

The procedure itself is carried out quickly and safely, it does not cause the patient any pain, since it is performed under local anesthesia. Most often, this procedure is performed on an outpatient basis and does not require hospitalization of the patient.

Opening a boil is carried out as follows: the surgeon applies a bandage with salicylic acid to the inflamed area, which corrodes the top of the boil. The surgeon removes the core of the abscess using a thin clamp, trying not to press on the boil, and then washes the skin on the inflamed area. The procedure is completed by applying a drainage bandage, which is removed after three days. After removing the bandage, the skin is treated with an antiseptic. In cases of severe disease, accompanied by soft tissue swelling, the patient is hospitalized to monitor the process and avoid complications.

Complications caused by furunculosis

If the boil was treated at home or not treated at all, the following diseases may occur:

• lymphadenitis (inflammation of the lymph nodes located next to the boil);
• lymphangitis (inflammation lymphatic vessels, located next to chiriy);
• sepsis (blood poisoning)
• arthritis (inflammation of the joints)
• pyelonephritis and other kidney inflammations;
• meningitis, meningoencephalitis, encephalitis and other inflammations of brain tissue.

Complications can be avoided by consulting a doctor in a timely manner and following all his instructions.

Sepsis - most dangerous complication furunculosis

How to prevent the development of furunculosis

The best prevention of boils is maintaining hygiene and choosing shoes and clothing that do not lead to scuff marks. Summer is the most dangerous time for the occurrence of furunculosis, because the air temperature promotes the growth of bacteria. Having a medical examination at least once a year significantly reduces the risk of boils.

When one chirium appears, competent and timely treatment of furunculosis will cure it forever and avoid the chronic stage of the disease. When a single boil occurs, the patient should strengthen the immune system - take vitamins, eat a balanced diet, exercise, do not expose the body to sudden changes in temperature and avoid excessive physical exertion. Do not forget that with high blood sugar, bacteria multiply in the body much easier and faster. This is why diabetics are at risk of developing furunculosis. Constant monitoring of blood sugar levels can reduce the likelihood of boils in this case. In cases of predisposition to purulent diseases, patients are advised to minimize the intake of sweets and flour products.

Furuncle(syn. in everyday life - “ulcer”, “boil”) - this is a type staphyloderma(pustular inflammatory skin disease caused by staphylococcal microorganisms). It is characterized by the development of a purulent-inflammatory process in the hair follicle and surrounding tissue.

Furunculosis- a disease characterized by the appearance of a large number of boils on different areas skin.

Carbuncle– a disease in which several nearby hair follicles become inflamed. We can say that these are several boils combined into one. The disease has a more severe course.

Prevalence of boils

Pyoderma* - a group of diseases that include boils - are quite widespread. They make up about 40% of other skin pathologies. Patients with boils make up from 4% to 17% of all patients treated in inpatient dermatological clinics.

IN recent years The number of patients with boils of the face, especially the nose area, is increasing.

*Pyoderma – pustular disease skin. A general concept that unites a large number of different diseases. The two main types of pyoderma are staphyloderma (purulent processes caused by staphylococci) and streptoderma (caused by streptococci).

Anatomy of skin and hair follicles

Human skin is a special organ that covers almost the entire surface of the body. Its area in an adult is on average 1.5 - 2.5 meters. It consists of layers that are tightly connected to each other.

Layers of skin:

• Epidermis- outer layer of skin. Consists of several layers of epithelial cells. The deepest layer is responsible for cell growth and reproduction. The outer layer, the horny layer, is represented by horny scales and performs a protective function.
• Dermis. It is located under the epidermis and fits tightly to it. Consists of connective tissue. It is the basis for the epidermis, contains blood vessels and nerves.
• Subcutaneous fat. Represented by adipose tissue.

Skin defense mechanisms

• Maintaining a certain level of acidity. The pH level of the skin ranges from 3 to 7. In such conditions, only microorganisms that are representatives of normal microflora can exist.
• Normal microflora. Microorganisms that are normally present on the surface of the skin prevent the proliferation of pathogens.
• Langerhans cell. These are specific immune cells that are found in the epidermis. They take part in providing immune protection, producing interferon And lysozyme– substances that destroy pathogenic microorganisms.

Structure of hair and hair follicle

Hair– these are keratinized skin appendages. There can be up to 2 million hairs on the human body.

Hair structure:

• Hair shaft- a thin part of the hair that protrudes above the surface of the skin.
• Hair root- part of the hair located deep in the skin, in the hair follicle.

The hair follicle is embedded in the dermis and subcutaneous adipose tissue. Around it there is a dense capsule of connective tissue.

At the bottom of the hair follicle is its expanded part. It contains the hair follicle - the club-shaped expanded lower end of the hair. The hair follicle contains cells, the division of which ensures hair growth. Into the hair follicle and hair follicle the papilla from the connective tissue grows in. It contains blood vessels and nerves for nutrition and innervation of the hair.

In the upper part of the hair follicle, an expansion in the form of a funnel is also formed - its mouth. The duct of the sebaceous (any hair) and sweat (only hair located in certain areas of the body) gland flows into it.

Sebaceous glands draining into the mouth of the hair follicle

The sebaceous gland consists of an enlarged part, which is directly responsible for the secretion of sebum, and an excretory duct.

Sebum has a complex structure. It has bactericidal properties - it can destroy pathogenic microorganisms that fall on the surface of the skin.

Sebum production in humans is mainly regulated by the adrenal glands and sex hormones. The more testosterone is present in the body, the more active the sebaceous glands work.

Sweat glands that secrete secretions at the mouth of the hair follicle

Only specific ducts flow into the mouths of hair follicles. apocrine sweat glands. The final part of the gland that secretes sweat is located deep in the dermis.

Apocrine sweat glands are located in the armpits, around the nipples, genitals and anus.

Causes of boils and furunculosis

Who is staphylococcus?

Staphylococcus is a microorganism that is constantly present on the surface of the skin normally, and, at the same time, is capable of causing a wide variety of purulent infections, ranging from boils to severe blood poisoning - sepsis.

How can the same bacteria be both harmless (and sometimes even beneficial) and very dangerous?

The fact is that there are different strains of staphylococci. Strain is a group within a species, like breeds in dogs.

Some strains are completely harmless to humans. Other conditionally pathogenic, that is, they are capable of causing infections only under reduced immunity and other special circumstances. Still others always cause illness if they enter the body.

Normally, 90% of staphylococci found on human skin are harmless strains. 10% are pathogenic, but there are so few of them that they are not capable of causing a purulent process. Boils and furunculosis develop in cases where this ratio changes greatly.

What skin features predispose to the development of boils?

• increased sweating: with constant sweat, the structure and protective properties skin
• scratching and damage caused by other skin diseases and disorders
• frequent injuries skin: abrasions, scratches, abrasions - any infection easily penetrates through these defects
• constant contact of the skin with discharge from the nose and ears during chronic diseases: rhinitis, otitis, etc.
• skin contamination, lack of personal hygiene: most often, boils form on the back of the neck, as a lot of dirt and sweat accumulate here, and there is constant friction against the collar
• violations of skin protection as a result of occupational hazards: constant contact with lubricating oils, dust (coal, cement, lime, etc.), aggressive chemicals

Decreased immunity

Normal condition the body's immune forces prevent the penetration of any pathogenic microorganisms into the skin.

Factors leading to decreased immune strength and furunculosis:

• severe chronic infectious and inflammatory diseases: tonsillitis, bronchitis, frequent pneumonia, rhinitis and sinusitis, otitis, etc.;
• diseases accompanied by decreased immunity: HIV;
• reception immunosuppressants(drugs intended specifically to suppress the immune system in autoimmune diseases), cytostatics(medicines for the destruction of tumor cells), application radiation therapy;
• hypothermia or overheating;
• insufficient and malnutrition, hypovitaminosis.

Hormonal disorders

Diabetes mellitus

Furunculosis can be considered a complication of long-term diabetes mellitus. The disease leads to disruption of blood flow in small vessels. As a result, the skin does not receive enough oxygen and nutrients. Dystrophic processes occur in it, and protective mechanisms decrease. Staphylococci penetrate hair follicles more easily.

Excessive adrenal function

The cortex (outer layer) of the adrenal glands secretes glucocorticoid hormones. They have many effects.

Effects of glucocorticoids on boils:

• immunosuppression, decreased skin protection
• an increase in the production of sebum, which, accumulating on the skin and in the lumen of the sebaceous glands, turns into a breeding ground for pathogens

Increasing the content of male sex hormones in the body
Testosterone and its analogues enhance the function of the sebaceous glands of the skin.

Stages of boil development

Usually the boil lasts no more than 10 days. After this, it usually goes away completely. There are 3 stages during a boil:

Stage	Characteristic
Infiltrative stage	Appears on the surface of the skin infiltrate– an area of ​​swelling, redness and hardness. It is painful, gradually increases in size, reaching an average of 1 - 3 cm. The skin around the infiltrate also becomes swollen and painful. The tingling feeling bothers me. A characteristic feature: an infiltrate always forms around the hair, since staphylococci primarily affect the hair follicle and multiply inside it. At this stage of the boil, the phrase “boil is brewing” is often used in everyday life.
Purulent-necrotic stage	It is observed 3 to 4 days after the first symptoms of a boil appear. A core consisting of pus and dead tissue appears in the center of the infiltrate. Its end protrudes above the surface of the skin in the form of an abscess. At a certain point in time thin layer the tissue covering the rod bursts, pus and dead tissue come out. After this there is a significant improvement. All symptoms decrease: swelling and redness begin to subside, pain no longer bothers you. In common parlance, this condition is referred to by the phrase “the boil has broken through.”
Healing stage	After the pus is rejected, the wound remaining at the site of the boil begins to heal. If the boil was small, then after healing there are no signs left on the skin. Ulcers large sizes leave behind scars.

Symptoms of furunculosis

Manifestations of furunculosis depend on the stage of the process, the location of the boil, and the state of the body’s immune forces.

Areas of the body where boils are most common:

• face: nose, nasolabial triangle(the area of ​​skin between the nose and upper lip), ear area
• back of the neck: in this case, the fact that the skin of the neck constantly experiences friction in contact with the collar plays a certain role
• forearms
• buttocks and thighs

Symptoms of a boil on the face

The face is one of the favorite places to localize a boil, since the skin on the face most often has increased oil content and there is a large number of sebaceous glands. The most common boils are the nose, upper lip, and ear canal area.

Characteristic symptoms and complaints of patients with nasal boils:

• the boil quickly becomes noticeable, since even with small sizes it leads to a cosmetic defect
• noted severe pain
• pain in the area of ​​the boil intensifies during movements of facial muscles, shaving, washing;
• Facial boils are more often than in other places, accompanied by an increase in body temperature and general malaise
• headaches are noted
• small boils resemble blackheads (pimples); attempts to squeeze them out are accompanied by severe pain.

Why is a facial boil dangerous?

The veins of the facial area are connected to the veins of the skull. When trying to squeeze out a boil on the face, carelessly pressing on it, working facial muscles, with a decrease in immunity, the infection can penetrate into the venous bed and lead to the development of thrombophlebitis - inflammation of the walls of the veins with the formation of blood clots. The face becomes swollen, acquires a bluish coloration, and is painful to touch. The patient’s general condition is severely disturbed, body temperature rises to 40⁰C.

Further, the infection can spread into the cranial cavity, leading to meningitis(inflammation of the meninges), meningoencephalitis(inflammation of the meninges and brain matter), sepsis(generalized inflammation).

There is a rule in purulent surgery: boils on the face that are located above the upper lip should be treated with the utmost caution.

Symptoms of a boil under the armpit

Boils in armpit are relatively rare. Another disease is more common here - hidradenitis – purulent inflammation sweat gland.

In general, a boil in the axillary region is accompanied by the same symptoms as boils in other locations. An increase in pain is noted during movements in shoulder joints, careless touching and pressing on the boil.

Symptoms of a boil in the groin area and on the lower limb

IN groin area boils and hidradenitis may occur. A boil in the groin manifests itself with typical symptoms and goes through typical stages.

Conditions that may complicate a boil in the groin area and lower limb:

• Regional lymphadenitis. Inflammation lymph nodes located in the area of ​​the boil. It appears as a painful lump under the skin. With a boil in the groin, the inguinal lymph nodes are most often affected.
• Regional lymphangitis. Inflammation of the lymphatic vessel located next to the boil. It appears as a painful cord under the skin. Lymphangitis is often combined with lymphadenitis.

Symptoms of a boil in the genital area

Among the boils that arise in the genital area, the furuncle of the labia majora has the greatest specificity. Most often, its development is associated with bartholinitis– purulent staphylococcal inflammation of the Bartholin glands located in the thickness of the labia majora. Normally, their function is associated with the release of a special lubricant.
A furuncle of the labia majora is accompanied by swelling, redness, and severe pain.

Symptoms of a boil in the buttocks and back of the thigh

The largest boils are usually found in the area of ​​the buttocks and thighs. They are accompanied by the most severe symptoms.

Furunculosis

Furunculosis– a disease that is characterized by the appearance of a large number of boils on different parts of the body or in a limited area (most often on the buttocks, thighs). Furunculosis is also called constant recurrence, when after healing of boils new ones constantly appear.

Types of furunculosis, depending on the severity of the process:

• acute furunculosis: there are many boils on the skin at the same time
• chronic furunculosis: sequential appearance of boils, when some disappear while others appear - this form of the disease usually lasts for a very long time

Types of furunculosis depending on the prevalence of elements:

• disseminated(common) furunculosis: boils are found throughout the body;
• localized(limited) furunculosis: all boils are concentrated in only one limited area.

Causes of furunculosis

The causes of individual boils and furunculosis are described above. Furunculosis almost always occurs against the background of decreased immunity.

Symptoms of furunculosis

Furunculosis is accompanied by the same symptoms as a single boil. Each element sequentially goes through three stages of development. But with furunculosis, signs of a violation of the general condition are more pronounced. There is a feeling of malaise, elevated temperature bodies.

Complications of furunculosis

Complications with furunculosis are relatively common.

The most common complications of furunculosis:

• lymphadenitis– inflammation of nearby lymph nodes;
• lymphangitis– inflammation of nearby lymphatic vessels;
• sepsis, or, in common parlance - blood poisoning - severe generalized infectious process;
• meningitis and meningoencephalitis – inflammation of the meninges and brain substance when infection penetrates into the cranial cavity (if the skin of the face and head is affected);
• arthritis – inflammation in the joints (with skin lesions in the joint area);
• glomerulonephritis – inflammatory disease kidney

Treatment of furunculosis

When should you see a doctor to open a boil?

In most cases, uncomplicated boils do not require surgical treatment. Conservative techniques are used.

Treatment methods for uncomplicated boils at the infiltration stage:

• wiping the skin in the area of ​​the abscess with an antiseptic solution, most often with ordinary medical alcohol
• frequent hand washing with soap and antiseptics
• cauterization of the boil itself with iodine solution (5%)
• applying dry heat to the boil (under no circumstances apply compresses to the area of ​​the boil: this helps loosen the abscess and spread it to surrounding tissues)
• UHF therapy
• laser therapy

Despite the fact that a boil can be treated at home, it is still worth contacting a surgeon or dermatologist at the clinic. The doctor will examine the abscess and give recommendations for treatment. If appropriate indications are found, the doctor will give a referral for hospital treatment. If necessary, he will perform a blockade: he will inject a mixture of antibiotic and anesthetic solutions (Novocaine) into the area of ​​the boil.

Treatment methods for uncomplicated boils at the stage of formation of the rod

When the abscess has already formed, you need to help ensure that its opening occurs as quickly as possible.

What is important to remember:

• only a doctor after an examination can say exactly what stage the boil is at and whether it is ready to burst
• In no case should you try to squeeze out the abscess yourself: any pressure on the boil can cause it to begin to spread to surrounding tissues

Methods for treating boils at the stage of formation of a purulent-necrotic core:

• The doctor applies a bandage with several salicylic acid crystals to the skin in the area of ​​the boil. After some time, they corrode the cover of the boil and contribute to the release of the purulent-necrotic core.
• The doctor removes the purulent-necrotic rod using a thin clamp. This is done very carefully, avoiding pressing on the boil.

After the abscess has broken through, the doctor places a small rubber strip cut from a glove into it. There will be an outflow of pus through it. Apply a bandage. After 3 days, the gum is removed, the bandage is removed, and the boil is treated with brilliant green.

When is surgical treatment indicated for a boil?

One of the complications of a boil is subcutaneous abscess(abscess). It is formed when pus spreads into the subcutaneous fatty tissue. A subcutaneous abscess must be opened. Such patients are treated in a hospital setting.

Is it possible to squeeze out a boil?

Doing this is strictly prohibited. During squeezing, the pus spreads into the surrounding tissues, venous and lymphatic vessels. This can lead to serious complications.

It is especially dangerous to squeeze out boils located on the face.

When should you start taking antibiotics for a boil?

For uncomplicated boils, antibiotic therapy and other general treatment methods are not prescribed.

Conditions for which antibiotic therapy is indicated:

• complications of boils: lymphadenitis, lymphangitis, thrombophlebitis, etc.
• boils located in the facial area
• boils that occur against the background of other serious diseases: diabetes, severe infections, HIV, etc.

Antibiotics used to treat boils

Name	Application
Penicillins: ampicillin amoxicillin amoxiclav	Antibiotics from the penicillin group are the oldest. Many of them remain effective against staphylococci and other microorganisms. Penicillins are broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs.
Cephalosporins: ceftriaxone cefuroxime cefotaxime	Usually more effective than penicillins. These antibiotics are prescribed most often because they have a relatively low cost and a pronounced effect. Available in the form of powders for dilution and injection.
Gentamicin	It is a fairly powerful antibacterial drug, but has a number of contraindications. Under no circumstances should it be used by children or pregnant women. Available in the form of tablets, injection solutions and ointments. Local forms (ointments) have fewer contraindications.
Tetracycline	Broad-spectrum antibiotic. Effective against many types of microorganisms. Can be used for general (in tablets) and local (in the form of ointment) treatment of boils.
Levomycetin	Powerful antibiotic. It is used topically for boils, in the form of an ointment (see below).

Attention! Self-medication with antibiotics for boils is often ineffective and can lead to negative consequences. These medications must be prescribed by a doctor.

In addition to the use of antibiotics, the following are used: general techniques treatments such as UV therapy, anti-inflammatory drugs.

What to do if boils appear frequently? Treatment of furunculosis.

If a large number of boils appear on the body at once, or they occur very often, then this condition is called furunculosis.

Self-medication of furunculosis most often does not bring any effect. Improper treatment can lead to further spread of the process and serious complications. To prescribe the correct therapy, you must consult a doctor.

Treatment methods for furunculosis :

Method	Description
UV therapy	Ultraviolet radiation has antibacterial effect, promotes tissue regeneration.
Laser therapy	Effects of laser radiation: destruction of pathogens improving blood circulation and skin regeneration pain reduction
T-activin	Immunostimulant, promotes the formation and activation of leukocytes – immune cells. Treatment with T-activin is carried out under the strict supervision of a physician.
Antistaphylococcal immunoglobulin	Immunoglobulins are antibodies that protect the body from foreign antigens. For furunculosis, antibodies produced against staphylococci are used. Treatment is carried out under the strict supervision of a doctor.
Interferon
Antibiotics	See above “Antibiotics that are used to treat boils”
Rinoleukin	A drug that stimulates the body's general defenses.

What to do if the boil opens on its own, but a lot of pus flows out of it?

After the boil has opened, it must be washed with hydrogen peroxide and a clean bandage applied. After this, wash your hands thoroughly. Contact your doctor at the clinic as soon as possible.

Traditional methods of treating boils

Attention: Improper self-medication can lead to the spread of the purulent process and the development of severe complications. Therefore, before using any traditional methods for treating boils, be sure to consult your doctor.

Coniferous baths for boils

Substances that pine and spruce needles contain:

• phytoncides– destroy pathogenic microorganisms
• vitamin C– is an antioxidant, protects cells from damage, increases protective functions
• tannins– tone the skin and close skin pores.

In order to take pine baths, all you need to do is buy essential oil. You need to dilute a few drops of it in a warm bath and take it for 15-20 minutes daily.

Treatment of boils with aloe leaves

This method is used for ripening boils ( in the stage of infiltration and purulent-necrotic stage) in order to accelerate its breakthrough and rejection of the purulent-necrotic rod.

Aloe is a houseplant that is often grown in pots. It has succulent leaves. To speed up the breakthrough of the boil, their juice is used. The aloe leaf is cut and applied with a cut to the abscess, fixing it with an adhesive plaster. So you need to walk constantly, replacing the aloe leaf 1 - 2 times a day.

Preparation of ointment for boils

Ingredients:

• beeswax – 100 grams
• unrefined vegetable oil– 500 ml
• spruce sulfur – small amount
• bottom part bulbs – 10 pieces

It is necessary to pour vegetable oil into an enamel pan and put on fire. When it boils, add beeswax and spruce sulfur. After 30 minutes, add the bottoms of the onions. Cook the resulting mixture for 1 hour, stirring occasionally and skimming off any foam that forms. Then remove from heat, strain, and pour into clean containers. The ointment should cool down, thicken, take on a yellow color and a pleasant smell.

Directions for use: Periodically lubricate the areas where boils occur.

Treatment of boils with garlic

Substances contained in garlic:

• phytoncides – destroy pathogenic microorganisms;
• adaptogens – tone living organs and tissues, help increase defenses.

Method 1. Cut the garlic clove into thin pieces. Take one of them, apply the cut to the boil, and secure with a bandage. Walk like this for a day until the abscess matures and breaks through.

Method 2. Grate a clove of garlic. Apply to the boil and secure with adhesive tape. Walk like this for a day until the abscess matures and breaks through.

Ointments for furunculosis

For furunculosis, ointments containing antibacterial drugs are mainly used.

Gentamicin	Description: Ointment in tubes, from 15 to 80 g. Gentamicin is an antibiotic that is effective against many types of infections, including staphylococcal. Directions for use: Apply to the location of boils 2 – 3 times a day. Usually the course of treatment lasts 7–14 days.
Tetracycline	Description: Tetracycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic. Effective against many types of microorganisms, including staphylococci. Available in tubes of 100 g. Method of application 1. Apply a small amount of ointment to the areas location of boils 2 – 3 times a day. Method of application 2. Apply bandages with tetracycline ointment. Change every 12 – 24 hours.
Levomycetin	Description. Levomycetin is a powerful antibiotic that has a pronounced effect in purulent processes. Available for local cutaneous use for furunculosis in the form of liniment (a thick mass like an ointment). Sold in tubes of 25 and 30 g, in cans of 25 and 60 g. Directions for use: Make bandages with chloramphenicol liniment, change once a day.
Levomekol	Active substances: chloramphenicol – antibacterial agent, active against purulent infections methyluracil– a drug that stimulates tissue regeneration Description. Levomekol not only has pronounced antibacterial properties, but also stimulates tissue regeneration. Therefore, it is used for large opened boils for speedy cleansing and healing. Directions for use: Soak sterile ointment gauze pad and apply it to the wound. Apply a bandage. Perform dressings daily.
Sintomycin	Description. Sintomycin is an antibiotic that, in its own way, chemical structure strongly resembles chloramphenicol. Also available in the form of liniment, in 25 g jars. Directions for use. Apply liniment to the area where the boil is located. Place a bandage over it. Perform dressings daily.
Dimexide	Description. A medication belonging to the group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Eliminates inflammation and pain. Directions for use: Moisten a sterile gauze pad with dimexide. Apply to the location of the boil and apply a bandage. Do dressings daily.

The effectiveness of ichthyol ointment in the treatment of furunculosis

Ichthyol ointment is an ointment prepared on the basis active component Ichthyol. It has anti-inflammatory, antiseptic and analgesic effects. Ichthyol ointment is widely used in the treatment of boils.

The antibacterial properties of ichthyol ointment apply to all strains of streptococci and staphylococci.

The pronounced analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect of ichthyol ointment appears several hours after its application to the surface of the boil.

Method of using ichthyol ointment for furunculosis

Apply to the surface of the boil required quantity ichthyol ointment, so that it covers the abscess in the form of a cake. Place a cotton swab on top and stick it with an adhesive plaster. The tampon should be changed every 8 hours. After about a day there is improvement.

The effectiveness of Vishnevsky ointment in the treatment of furunculosis

Vishnevsky ointment(full name - balsamic liniment according to Vishnevsky) is a combined drug with a complex composition and several active components.

Basic steps: disinfectant, irritant. Vishnevsky ointment destroys many types of pathogens. By irritating the skin, it stimulates tissue regeneration. With a boil, Vishnevsky’s ointment helps soften the walls of the abscess and allow it to penetrate deep into the tissue. This creates a threat of developing a subcutaneous abscess - an abscess. Therefore, the use of Vishnevsky ointment for boils is not practiced.

Why does a boil occur in a pregnant woman and how does it manifest?

Pregnancy is a condition during which the expectant mother often remains defenseless against many ailments and microbes.

Reasons for development

Basically the same as in other patients: an infection gets into the skin in the presence of certain predisposing factors - for example, friction of clothing, foci of chronic infection, endocrine diseases and others.

However the expectant mother is at risk by two additional factors:

• Under the influence of hormones that are produced during pregnancy, physiological decrease in immune activity future mother. Thanks to such hormonal changes, the pregnant woman’s immune system “does not see” the fetus - a “stranger” to her own body. This condition is necessary to maintain pregnancy so that the mother’s immune system does not reject the fetus.
• During pregnancy, the expectant mother provides the fetus nutrients, minerals and vitamins. Therefore, it needs additional supply from outside. However, if this does not happen, then the pregnant woman’s immune system activity decreases even more.

Symptoms

In its development, a boil usually goes through all its typical stages. That's why local signs the diseases are the same as in other patients: a dense red tubercle appears, a rod forms, a boil opens (either independently or surgically), the wound heals.

However, taking into account the hormonal changes in the body of the expectant mother general symptoms The diseases are sometimes somewhat more pronounced: body temperature often rises, general malaise and headache appear.

Why is a boil dangerous during pregnancy?

Germs can harm both the expectant mother and the baby.

For mother

A weakened immune system sometimes causes Bacteria spread more easily through the bloodstream to other areas of the skin and organs, causing the development of furunculosis or complications (meningitis, lymphadenitis, sepsis and others).

For the fetus

Available high risk infection membranes and fruit. Moreover, the consequences depend on the duration of pregnancy.

In the first trimester

The bookmark is broken internal organs, which leads to the formation of congenital malformations: heart, kidney and others. Moreover, they are often incompatible with life, so a miscarriage occurs.

In the second trimester

• Intrauterine infection of the fetus mainly manifests itself after birth. When the lungs are damaged, pneumonia or pleurisy develops, the heart - carditis, the meninges - meningitis and others.
• When the membranes become infected, fetoplacental insufficiency develops (a syndrome in which all functions of the placenta are disrupted). As a result, the fetus experiences oxygen starvation, its growth and development are delayed, and the risk of premature birth increases.
• Available high probability development of mastitis in the mother after the birth of the child.

What are the causes of chronic furunculosis?

Common factors contribute to the formation of the disease:

• Severe disturbances in the functioning of all parts of the immune system - for example, with HIV infection, congenital immunodeficiency.
• At taking medications to treat tumors- cytostatics that disrupt the division and development of all cells in the body, including tumor cells.
• For autoimmune diseases(psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus) drugs are used that suppress the activity of the immune system (Arava, Methotrexate, Metypred).
• Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract: chronic gastroduodenitis, chronic cholecystitis, erosive bulbitis and others.
• Disturbance of normal intestinal microflora with a predominance of coccal forms, which include Staphylococcus aureus.
• The presence of foci of chronic infection. Most often - ENT organs: tonsillitis (tonsillitis), sinusitis, pharyngitis and others.
• Endocrine diseases, causing disturbance carbohydrate metabolism (diabetes mellitus), production of hormones by the thyroid gland (thyroiditis) and sex glands (hypogonadism, amenorrhea).
• The presence of allergic diseases or a tendency to allergic reactions: bronchial asthma, allergy to house dust and others. Because in these cases the functioning of the immune system is also impaired.

What are the symptoms of chronic furunculosis?

Most often, the disease occurs in a relapsing form - when, after a period of imaginary well-being (remission), signs of the disease reappear.

The course and manifestations of the disease are determined by the degrees of severity

What are the causes of boils in children?

Due to the characteristics of the body, the disease occurs somewhat more often in children than in adults.

The main “culprit” of the boil is Staphylococcus aureus. However, its reproduction is normally controlled by the immune system. Whereas with the combined influence of certain local and general factors, the disease develops.

Local factors

• Constant rubbing of clothing or minor skin injuries(abrasions, abrasions, scratches), which is not uncommon in children.
• Allergic diseases - for example atopic dermatitis. There is dry skin, erosions and peeling appear on the skin, the child scratches the skin due to itching, and the functioning of the immune system is disrupted.
• Close contact with contaminated objects- for example, while playing outside or in the sandbox.
• Features of skin structure: Children have a thin upper (horny) layer of skin, it has a well-developed network of capillaries and blood supply. Therefore, any microbes enter the skin easily and then quickly spread through the blood or lymph to other areas.
• Poor personal hygiene leads to children introducing bacteria into a wound or abrasion with unwashed palms.

General factors

• Presence in the body foci of chronic infection, in which colonies of staphylococci live (isolated cluster). From them, through the blood and/or lymph flow, bacteria are spread to all organs and tissues, including the skin. The leading diseases are from the ENT organs: chronic tonsillitis, sinusitis (sinusitis, frontal sinusitis).


• Imperfect immune system, which matures in the process of growing up. Therefore, microbes easily penetrate the body without encountering obstacles on their way.


• Endocrine disorders. In children and adolescents, as a rule, hormonal instability of the body plays a large role in the occurrence of boils.
  Under the influence of sex hormones, the functioning of the sebaceous glands is disrupted. Increased production of sebum begins, which leads to blockage of the outlet (mouth) of the sebaceous glands of the hair follicle (sac). In such conditions, infection occurs more easily. In addition, sebum is an excellent breeding ground for staphylococci.
  However, the development of furunculosis in adolescents and children is often promoted by other endocrine diseases - for example, diabetes mellitus or dysfunction of the thyroid gland.


• Gastrointestinal diseases: gastritis, colitis, ulcers and others. Digestion of food is disrupted, as is the supply of microelements and vitamins to the body. In addition, Staphylococcus aureus may be present in the intestines.


• Anemia, lack of vitamins and nutrients, physical or emotional stress, anorexia in adolescents(decreased appetite, deliberate refusal to eat) lead to disruption of the immune system.


• The intensive work of the sweat and sebaceous glands is due to immaturity of thermoregulation processes in children under seven years of age. As a result, sweat and sebum quickly accumulate on the surface of the skin. According to research, in such conditions local immunity decreases, and protective function skin is reduced by 17 times.


• Helminthiasis reduce the activity of the immune system, which is quite common in children.

What are the symptoms of boils in children?

A boil can develop on any area of ​​the skin where hair is present, since the disease affects the hair follicles and the adjacent sebaceous gland.

Whereas a boil never forms on the skin of the palms and soles, since there is no hair in these areas.

There are two forms of the disease:

• A large single abscess appears on a limited area of ​​skin. In this case, with timely and adequate treatment, recovery usually occurs within 8-10 days.
• Furunculosis develops: Many boils appear on the skin. The disease can be acute or chronic in its course.

Single boil in children

A large abscess appears, which in its development goes through the same stages as in adults.

However In children there are some differences in the course of the disease:

• As a rule, several symptoms are more pronounced intoxication: The body temperature rises to high levels (38-39°C), general malaise appears, the child refuses to eat, and complains of a headache.
• Despite the rapid course of the disease, usually cure in children occurs in a shorter time than in adults. In addition, a chronic process develops less often.
• Furuncle in children of wounded age(up to three years) is most often located in places that are difficult to reach for treatment - for example, at the base of the nasal passages.
  Whereas preschoolers and junior schoolchildren boils are mainly located on the nose (slopes, back and base of the nasal passages), forehead, cheeks and chin.
  In other areas of the skin, boils develop somewhat less frequently.
• Due to the location of the boils, as well as the abundant and good blood supply to the skin, there is high risk of spreading infection from the primary focus with the development of acute furunculosis or complications (sepsis, thrombosis of the cavernous veins and others).

Furunculosis in children

Ulcers can appear either in the form of separate clusters on a certain area of ​​the skin or spread to other areas.

Acute furunculosis in children

There are several boils on the skin that appear almost simultaneously. Therefore, they are at the same stage of development.

In this case, as a rule, the child’s general condition is sharply disturbed: he becomes lethargic and refuses to eat, his body temperature rises to high levels and is difficult to lower.

In this case, the course of the disease usually resembles a severe infectious process. Moreover, the general trend is as follows: the younger the child, the more severe the disease.

Chronic furunculosis in children

Usually boils are located on different stages development: at the same time, red bumps, ulcers, and wounds can be seen on the skin after the rejection of pus.

However, most often the disease occurs in a relapsing form: periods of exacerbation alternate with periods of apparent well-being (remission).

The general condition of the child is usually disturbed when new boils appear, resembling the acute course of the disease.

How to treat chronic furunculosis?

This task is quite difficult, since numerous factors lead to its development. Therefore, an integrated approach is required.

Basic principles

1. Local and general treatment is carried out depending on the stage of development of the boil and the complications that have developed.

At the compaction stage - local treatment with antiseptics, ultraviolet radiation, applications with antibacterial ointments. At the stage of formation of the rod, if necessary, the boils are opened, drained, treated antiseptic solutions, applying bandages with antibacterial ointments. When indicated, antibiotics are prescribed taking into account the sensitivity of the microbe to them.
2. Impact on the underlying disease

It is carried out at any stage of development of furunculosis: treatment of foci of chronic infection, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, endocrine diseases(for example, diabetes) and others. Therapy is carried out by specialized specialists: ENT doctor, endocrinologist, gastroenterologist and others.
3. Improving immune system function

An immunologist prescribes medications depending on the type of immune system disorder and the stage of the disease. With timely treatment, chronic furunculosis is cured in 80% of cases within 1-2 months of treatment.

How to increase immunity during furunculosis?

Immunostimulating drugs are prescribed as part of complex treatment.

During an exacerbation

Preparation	Mechanism of action	Directions for use and duration
Polyoxidonium	Increased activity phagocytes (macrophages, neutrophils) - cells that protect the body by digesting foreign particles and pathogens. They enhance the production of antibodies - blood serum proteins that bind to a microbe or virus and then remove them from the body.	Intramuscularly 6-12 mg once a day. In tablets for resorption under the tongue 2-3 times a day, half an hour before meals. The dose for adolescents is 12 mg, for adults 12-24 mg. The course is 6-12 days, and sometimes longer.
Galavit	Restores the activity of macrophages, which destroy microbes and viruses through digestion. Regulates the production of cytokines - proteins that ensure the transfer of information between molecules and cells of the immune system. Normalizes the production of antibodies.	Daily for adults and children over 12 years old - 100 mg, for children under 12 years old - 50 mg. The drug can be taken in injections, suppositories or tablets. Course - 15 days.
Myelopid	Increases the level of B-lymphocytes - cells of the immune system that produce antibodies. Normalizes the level of CD4 cells (lymphocytes), which send a signal to killer cells of the immune system (T-killers), which destroy microbes and viruses.	3-6 mg intramuscularly daily or every other day. Course - 3-5 injections.
Immunoglobulin class G preparations: Octagam, Gabriglobin, Intraglobin (used when Galavit is ineffective)	They compensate for the deficiency of immunoglobulins G (IgG), which provide long-term immunity against pathogens of many infections. Moreover, for each microbe or virus in the body, its own IgG is produced.	Drugs are administered intravenously only in a hospital setting. The dosage and duration of treatment depend on the specific drug used and the course of the disease.

During remission- during the period when there are no symptoms of the disease

Preparation	Indications	Directions for use and doses
Polyoxidonium	Discussed above	Discussed above
Galavit	Discussed above	Discussed above
Lycopid	Increases the activity of phagocytes. Enhances the formation of B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes. Increases antibody production	Dissolve under the tongue half an hour before meals. The dosage depends on the severity of the disease and age. The duration of treatment is about 10 days. If necessary, longer.

Drugs of the future: Neogen and Seramil

Medicines are not yet widely used. However, according to recent studies, their use has reliably established positive changes in the functioning of the immune system.

When using Neogen in remission:

1. The number and ratio of T- and B-lymphocytes are normalized.
2. The activity of phagocytes increases in relation to Staphylococcus aureus.
3. The level of CD4 cells is normalized .

Treatment regimen: daily administration of 1 ml of 0.01% solution intramuscularly. Course - 10 injections.

When using Seramil at the stage of remission and/or exacerbation:

1. The level of B-lymphocytes is normalized.
2. The content of CD8 lymphocytes, the cells of the immune system, which normally complete the body’s immune response when the “stranger” has already been destroyed, decreases. However, with an excess of CD8 lymphocytes, the immune system completes its work much earlier, before it can cope with the microbe or virus. Therefore, it does not fulfill its main function - protective.

Treatment regimen: intramuscular administration of 5 mg of the drug. Course - 5 injections.

How to treat a boil for pregnant women?

The difficulty is that during pregnancy most drugs are prohibited for use because they have a negative effect on the fetus.

Local treatment

Tactics depend on the stage of development of the boil, which is no different from the treatment of other patients.

However, in this case, only drugs are used approved for use during pregnancy:

• Antiseptics- drugs that prevent or suppress the growth of bacteria - Betadine (only up to 12 weeks of pregnancy), Chlorhexidine.
• Ointments- Levomekol, Ichthyol, Syntomycin.

General treatment

Antibiotics are prescribed that are approved for use during pregnancy, taking into account the period: penicillins (Amoxiclav, Ampicillin), cephalosporins (Cefazolin, Ceftriaxone, Suprax, Cefepime), macrolides (Erythromycin, Rovamycin, Vilprafen).

However, antibiotics are only used in case of emergency:

• When complications develop - for example, lymphadenitis (inflammation of the lymph nodes), lymphangitis (inflammation of the lymphatic vessels) and others.
• If the boil is located in a dangerous place: face, neck, scalp.
• In acute or chronic furunculosis.
• Subject to availability common diseases- for example, diabetes mellitus, HIV infection, pyelonephritis and others.

Use of drugs improving the functioning of the immune system, not recommended during pregnancy.

Treatment of foci of chronic infection

The most common “place of residence” of Staphylococcus aureus is the pharynx and nasopharynx. The microbe is detected by culture from the nasopharynx.

Local processing

1. Antiseptic solutions are used, which are approved for use during pregnancy and also inhibit the growth and reproduction of Staphylococcus aureus.

• Alcohol solution used for gargling. Before use, it is diluted as follows: one teaspoon per 200 ml of warm water.
• Oil solution the pharynx, back wall of the pharynx, tonsils are treated and the nasal cavity is instilled.
• Spray The mouth, throat and nose are irrigated.

All procedures are carried out 3-4 times a day. The course of treatment is 7-10 days.

2. Used staphylococcal bacteriophage which is safe for the fetus:

• The nasopharynx is irrigated: two or three pipettes of the solution are inserted into each nasal passage. Anything that gets into your throat should be swallowed.
• Then you should leave a cotton swab soaked in the bacteriophage in the cavity of each nostril for 5-7 minutes.

Treatment is carried out in the intervals between meals - from one to three times a day. Duration of treatment is 7-10 days.

Moreover, both drugs are also good because they carriage of staphylococcus in the intestines they can be used internally.

How to protect the fetus from infection?

Sometimes carried out immunization with staphylococcal toxoid at 32, 34 and 36 weeks of pregnancy. To do this, 0.5 ml of the drug is injected subcutaneously at the angle of the scapula.

What vitamins should I take for furunculosis?

Vitamins A and E improve skin nutrition and wound healing, promote cell renewal, and participate in protein synthesis.

Vitamin C increases the body's resistance to infections, improving the functioning of the immune system.

B vitamins normalize the functioning of the stomach, intestines, liver, endocrine glands (for example, thyroid), nervous system, participate in protein synthesis and other processes.

It is not difficult to compensate for the deficiency of such a number of vitamins at the same time. Since the modern pharmaceutical industry offers a large selection combination vitamin preparations, also containing minerals, such as iron, calcium and others. For example Vitrum, Multi-Tabs, Centrum.

However, practice proves that it is still better take vitamins separately, in small courses.

For example, drugs with B vitamins- brewer's yeast, Milgamma, Neurobex, Tricortin and others. You can also compensate for the deficiency of B vitamins by taking biologically active additives- for example, Mega B Complex, vitamins of the B-dietary supplement "Tiens".

Vitamin C or ascorbic acid Available in tablets or dragees with similar names.

How is a boil treated for diabetes?

In compliance with the key principles: local treatment, prescription of immunostimulants, vitamins and other drugs.

However, in diabetes mellitus the main emphasis is on normalizing metabolism and carbohydrates: diet therapy (discussed in the section below) and prescription of medications.

Diabetes mellitus type II (non-insulin dependent)

Insulin is produced. However, cell receptors (proteins with which the substance binds to penetrate inside) in organs and tissues either do not respond to it or their sensitivity is reduced. Therefore, the flow of glucose into the cells is disrupted.

Two groups of drugs are prescribed:

• Drugs that increase the sensitivity of cell receptors to insulin and reduce the absorption of glucose from the intestine: Glucophage, Metformin.
• Drugs that stimulate pancreatic cells to synthesize insulin - for example Gliclazide, Diabepharm, Maninil and others.

Diabetes mellitus type I (insulin dependent)

The pancreas either does not synthesize insulin or produces it in insufficient quantities. In this case, replacement therapy is prescribed with the selection of an individual dose.

There are insulins that have different durations of action: short, medium and long.

Ideally, the patient should receive long-term and/or intermediate insulins throughout the day. In this way, a dosed supply of insulin into the body is achieved, which imitates the normal functioning of the pancreas.

While short-acting insulins are usually used only when necessary: ​​for example, before eating a large meal or a small dose of alcohol.

However, unfortunately, such treatment is quite expensive. Therefore, patients often “sit” on short-acting insulin for many years, which aggravates the course of diabetes mellitus and leads to the development of complications.

Diet therapy during treatment is aimed at improving the functioning of the immune system, normalizing metabolism, fighting infection and accelerating the recovery of the skin. Moreover, such a diet resembles nutrition for diabetes, but correction is still required. 1. Simple carbohydrates: sugar and sweets, pasta, cakes, pastries, alcohol, watermelon, banana, grapes and others. They contain carbohydrates (glucose), which are instantly absorbed into the blood from the intestines.

We need carbohydrates in moderation as a universal source of energy for all processes occurring in the body.

However, when there is an excess of them in the body, completely different mechanisms are triggered, which lead to metabolic disorders, which impairs the functioning of the immune system. In addition, glucose entering the tissues from the blood is an excellent nutrient medium for Staphylococcus aureus.

2. Undesirable fried, salty, sour and spicy dishes. Because their consumption disrupts the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.

As a result, the absorption of vitamins, microelements and nutrients, which are necessary for the full functioning of the immune system and the body as a whole, is reduced. In addition, with such a diet, the number of beneficial bacteria in the intestines decreases, which leads to increased growth of pathogens.

3. Extractives, which go into solution when cooking meat, fish, vegetables and mushrooms (broth). Because they increase the production of gastric and intestinal juices, stimulating digestion, increasing the load on the gastrointestinal tract.

In addition, they are quickly absorbed into the blood and increase the load on the liver and have an irritating effect on the skin.

4. You should avoid foods that are known to cause an allergic reaction: chocolate, citrus fruits, products containing preservatives and/or dyes, eggs and others .

1. With a high content of easily digestible proteins: boiled meat and egg white (if you are not allergic to them), lactic acid products (cottage cheese). Proteins are building material for our tissues, which is important for the full functioning of the immune system and the body as a whole.

2. Vegetable fats(sunflower, olive oil). They have a high content of vitamins A and E, which improve wound healing and weaken allergic reactions and increase the body's resistance to infections.

3. Animal fats(butter) is better to limit, but not completely exclude from the diet.

4. Fresh vegetables and fruits- sources of vitamins and microelements that are necessary for the functioning of the immune system and wound healing. In addition, they improve the functioning of the digestive system.

5. If there are no problems with the gastrointestinal tract, you can use legume dishes(beans, peas). They contain a lot of plant proteins, vitamins (A, B, C and group B), minerals (magnesium, calcium, sodium).

6. Dried fruits(raisins, dried apricots, prunes, figs) replace sweets and are sources of vitamins and microelements (potassium, vitamin A, groups B and C). They also contain fiber, which improves the functioning of the digestive tract.

7. Porridge is useful(oatmeal, buckwheat, pearl barley, millet), which contain a lot of vitamins, minerals and amino acids ( building elements for protein).

8. Spices. Previously, it was believed that their use should be limited or eliminated in case of furunculosis. However, studies were conducted at the Chita State Medical Academy that proved that some spices can suppress the growth and reproduction of Staphylococcus aureus in the intestines. These include turmeric, red pepper, mustard and cloves.

9. You can replace sugar sorbitol or xylitol. Moreover, xylitol is preferable because it also regulates the metabolism of fats and carbohydrates.

You can also use natural sweetener- stevia and extract from its leaves. In addition to adding sweetness to dishes, it also has a lot of useful properties: normalizes the metabolism of fats and carbohydrates, contains vitamins (B1, B2, C, precursors of vitamin A), lowers cholesterol in the blood.