Normally, antipyretics for newborns are prescribed by pediatricians, regardless of the nature of the pathological or physiological state. But it happens that help needs to be provided urgently, so parents should know what means and in what form can be used when emergency how to give them correctly, how they differ from each other.

For the most part, the action of specialized drugs is aimed precisely at eliminating the signs of fever in children, but some of them also have additional properties. It is strictly forbidden to independently make a decision on the treatment of a baby under the age of one, even if his temperature has already risen, and the parents remember that the doctor prescribed him.

Drugs allowed and prohibited in infancy

Modern antipyretic for newborns most often belong to one of the following large groups by type active substance:

1. Products based on paracetamol (Panadol, Paracetamol, Efferalgan). Available in the form of suspensions, rectal suppositories and tablets. Prohibited only for infants in the first month of life. Contraindicated for children with diabetes mellitus, viral hepatitis, liver and kidney diseases, hypersensitivity to the main component.
2. Ibuprofen-based formulations (Ibufen, Ibuprofen, Nurofen). They have the same release forms, but they can only be used from the third month of a child's life. Prohibited for use in asthma, kidney and liver failure, hearing loss, gastritis, peptic ulcer, blood diseases.
3. Combined drugs, which include both paracetamol and ibuprofen (Ibuklin Junior). Tablets that can be switched to when the child is 3 years old. Contraindications are the same as for monocomponent drugs.

Tip: It is strictly forbidden to deviate from the recommendations for age groups characteristic of the indicated active substances, even if something else is indicated on the product packaging and in the instructions. The action of the listed components is very specific and can cause irreparable damage. developing organism, provoke a number of side effects.

In addition to this, there is separate group medicines for children - homeopathic nature (Viburkol). Available in the form of candles for temperature for newborns, do not have age restrictions and contraindications. Prohibited for use only with individual intolerance, which is extremely rare even in infants.

In pediatrics, it is forbidden to use antipyretics familiar to adults:

• Analgin. It causes many side effects (dizziness, anemia, nausea). Of particular danger is the long-term use of the composition. The reaction of infants and even children older than a year can be the most unexpected, up to anaphylactic shock.
• Aspirin. It is strictly forbidden for children under 12 years of age in any form and form. This is due too high risks complications. For example, with a fever against the background of chickenpox, there is a high probability of developing deadly pathologies.

When choosing optimal remedy, it is necessary to take into account not only statistics, but also the individual characteristics of the child's body, the severity of the condition. For this reason, it is better to first see a doctor and do tests that will allow you to choose the right drug.

Overview characteristics of popular children's products

To decide on a reliable and safe antipyretic for a newborn or pick up effective remedy a child a little older than a year, you need to understand the features of existing products:

• Compositions with paracetamol. They are used against the background of fever caused by viral and bacterial infections, teething, inflammatory processes(for example, otitis). They are considered one of the safest remedies for the treatment of young children, especially those under the age of one year. Often used as an indicator that allows you to quickly diagnose the nature and severity of the disease. So, with ARVI, the funds give a quick and pronounced effect, and with influenza, bacterial and fungal infections, its action is blurred and does not last long.
• Formulations with ibuprofen. They not only relieve fever, but also actively fight inflammatory processes, muffle the severity of the pain syndrome. Most often they are used in cases where paracetamol does not cope with fever or is needed. A complex approach for the treatment of certain conditions in children. In the case of babies up to a year old, it is advisable to combine funds with analogues based on paracetamol. In this case, ibuprofens are given to the baby at night, and paracetamols are used during the day. Between doses of these medications must pass at least 6 hours!
• Viburkol. Often used by mothers complex treatment complicated by the temperature of teething, with ARVI, colic, overexcitation of the baby. Candles relieve fever, eliminate spasm and inflammation, muffle pain.

Each of listed products have their own specific properties and qualities, which are not always written about in instructions (or they use a language for this that is understandable only medical workers). Therefore, despite the fact that funds can be purchased without a prescription at a pharmacy, this should be done only with the permission of a doctor.

Antispasmodics as a remedy for white fever

It happens that antipyretics do not give the desired effect even when they are correct use and combination with each other. The reason may be a vasospasm, due to which the body of a child (especially under the age of one) cannot get rid of the heat. This condition is called "white" fever and requires the use of antispasmodics.

A dangerous phenomenon in children is characterized by the following symptoms:

• Very pale, almost.
• Blueness of lips and nails.
• Coldness in the upper and lower limbs.
• The temperature is above 39ºС and does not go astray.
• If the temperature can be brought down, then the effect is very short, after which the indicator rises rapidly again.
• Severe chills may be accompanied by convulsions and delirium.

Means such as Papaverine and No-Shpa help to eliminate vasospasm and a rapid decrease in temperature. Given the complexity of the condition, such manipulations can only be entrusted to a doctor. For the arrival of a specialist, parents should, if possible, clarify the weight of the child, which will be needed to calculate the exact dose of funds.

When choosing the composition of the drug, we must not forget about its form. When treating babies, it is advisable to use suppositories and suspensions. The first is best to put at night, you can even in a dream. They differ in the increased duration of action and very seldom cause an allergy. The latter have the speed of action and are indispensable with a rapid increase in temperature. True, sweeteners and dyes are added to them, which often provoke allergies in babies.

All antipyretic drugs are stored in a dark and cool place, depending on the shape of the product, it must either be carefully closed (suspension), or the tightness of the package (candles) must be monitored. If the baby has a violent reaction to an increase in temperature (convulsions, vomiting), then therapy should be started as early as possible.

High body temperature is a protective and adaptive reaction of the body in response to exposure to various pathogenic stimuli. It is aimed at strengthening the natural immune defense of the body and creating conditions that prevent the reproduction of viruses and microbes in it.

Body temperature in the range of 36.0–37.4 ° C is considered normal for healthy child and may vary depending on the time of day, the activity of the child, food intake and other factors.

The most common temperature rise (fever) occurs when infectious diseases, among which acute respiratory diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tract prevail (SARS, influenza, bronchitis - inflammation of the bronchi, tracheitis - inflammation of the trachea, pneumonia - inflammation of the lungs), intestinal infections etc. However, an excessive increase in body temperature to high numbers (more than 39C) can not only disturb the child's well-being, but also lead to the development of such life-threatening conditions as cerebral edema, febrile convulsions (convulsions that occur in children aged 3 months up to 5 years, associated with fever), further aggravating the course of the disease.

Timely use of antipyretics helps prevent such reactions. Antipyretic drugs are prescribed for children of the first 3 months of life at a temperature above 38oC, for children older than 3 months (previously healthy) - at a temperature above 38.5-39oC. Children who have previously experienced febrile convulsions with an increase in body temperature have diseases of the heart, lungs, nervous system and others, antipyretics are prescribed at temperatures above 38-38.5oC.

At the same time, parents should be aware that inadequate and unreasonable use of antipyretics can change, hide true reason diseases, creating a sense of imaginary well-being, reduce the protective, stimulating immune response of the body, the role of fever. Moreover, uncontrolled reception drugs can lead to side effects. Therefore, antipyretics used in children should be highly effective and safe. Currently, the World Health Organization and national programs it is recommended for fever in children to use preparations containing only IBUPROFEN and PARACETAMOL.

Antipyretics: Paracetamol

It is prescribed for fever as a result of viral or bacterial infections, as well as for pain syndrome mild or moderate teething in infants, pain from burns, fractures and injuries, etc.

The use is allowed in children from the first month of life in the form of syrup and from 3- one month old in the form of rectal suppositories in doses strictly corresponding to the body weight and age of the child. Most commonly used in children the following drugs containing PARACETAMOL: EFFERALGAN, KALPOL, PANADOL, CEFEKON D.

A single dose in children from 1 month to 15 years of age is 10-15 milligrams per kilogram of body weight (mg / kg). This dose can be administered no more than 4 times a day, no more than 4 hours after taking the previous dose.

The maximum daily dose should not exceed 60 mg/kg.

It is taken orally in the form of tablets, syrup or suspension 1 hour after a meal with a glass of water. large quantity liquids. The drug in tablets can be used in children with allergies to the components of PARACETAMOL syrups or suspensions, as they do not contain dyes and flavors. The tablet is dissolved in a small amount of water (after calculating required amount milligrams of the drug, depending on the weight of the child). Children weighing 13-15 kg or more can be given a whole tablet containing 200 mg of the substance.

For convenience, the age of the child is usually indicated on the package of rectal suppositories with PARACETAMOL, since the suppositories have the appropriate dosage of the drug. Rectal suppositories are preferably used after a bowel movement. It is especially convenient to use suppositories in young children with diseases accompanied by vomiting, loss of appetite, refusal to take the medicine inside.

It is rapidly absorbed in the intestines and after 30-45 minutes it has healing effect lasting 2-4 hours. To avoid the development of side effects from taking the drug, the recommended doses should not be exceeded, and the duration of treatment should not be more than 3 days without examination and doctor's recommendation.

Attention! V rare cases possible development of adverse reactions from gastrointestinal tract(nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain), allergic reactions (skin rash, itching, urticaria, Quincke's edema), toxic damage to the liver and kidneys, inhibition of blood cell formation, etc. In this case, consult a doctor immediately. PARACETAMOL is contraindicated in children with severe impairment of kidney and liver function, blood diseases, individual intolerance to the drug.

Antipyretics: Ibuprofen

Applied in case of intolerance or insufficient effect of paracetamol preparations. NUROFEN for children, containing IBUPROFEN, is used from 6 months of age as an antipyretic in acute respiratory diseases, influenza, childhood infections, post-vaccination reactions and other infectious and inflammatory diseases accompanied by fever. A drug for children is produced in the form of a suspension and rectal suppositories for injection into the rectum. For ease of dosage, a measuring syringe is attached to the box with the suspension.

It has antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects, acting at the level of the central nervous system and the peripheral level, and is the drug of first choice in children with a combination of fever and pain as a result of infectious and inflammatory diseases (otitis media - inflammation of the ear, tonsillitis - inflammation of the tonsils, toothache), as well as in the treatment of acute pain from burns, injuries, inflammation of the muscles and joints.

A single dose in children is 5-10 mg / kg of body weight; this dose can be administered 2-3 times a day after 6-8 hours.

The maximum daily dose should not exceed 25–30 mg/kg.

Given the irritating effect on the gastrointestinal tract, taking the drug on an empty stomach is undesirable: before giving the medicine, try to feed the baby at least a little. It is advisable to insert a rectal suppository into the rectum after a bowel movement.

The action occurs 30-60 minutes after administration, and the maximum effect is observed after 2-3 hours. In addition, the duration of its antipyretic action is longer than that of PARACETAMOL, up to 8 hours.

The use of IBUPROFEN, like any antipyretic drugs, should not last more than 3 days without a doctor's examination. Long-term use increases the risk of side effects of the drug.

Side effects when taking IBUPROFEN are noted mainly from the gastrointestinal tract (abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, stool disorders), allergic reactions are possible (urticaria, bronchospasm), less often - changes in the blood, a tendency to bleeding, impaired liver and kidney function . If side effects occur, show the baby to the doctor immediately. Contraindicated in children with peptic ulcer gastrointestinal tract, blood diseases, severe impairment of kidney and liver function, hypersensitivity to the drug.

Antipyretic drugs: Analgin and amidopyrine

At high temperature(more than 39-39.5oС) in children, as well as in case of fever, accompanied by severe intoxication (a pathological condition caused by the action on the body toxic substances internal or external origin), peripheral vasospasm (severe pallor of the child's skin), with the threat or occurrence febrile seizures sometimes there is a need for more rapid decline temperature. This means that the child needs the appointment of antipyretic drugs in parenteral form (intravenously or intramuscularly). The drug of choice in such a situation would be ANALGIN or AMIDOPIRINE. It should be noted that only a short-term one-time use of these drugs in children is possible due to the threat of development of pronounced side effects from their use.

The drugs can be administered both independently and in combination with antispasmodic drugs (NO-ShPA, DIBAZOL, PAPAVERIN). Together with these drugs, antihistamines are used (TAVEGIL, as well as SUPRASTIN). Possibly at home intramuscular injection 50% or 25% solution of analgin, 0.1-0.2 ml of solution for a year of a child's life, not more than 3-4 times a day. However, in similar situations it is better to entrust the procedure parenteral administration medicines medical staff calling an ambulance to the house. Parents should remember that when the temperature rises to 39–39.5 ° C, the baby must be shown to the doctor as soon as possible.

How to take antipyretics

Apply medicines to reduce body temperature is possible only by evaluating all the indications and the need for their use (the age and characteristics of the child’s health, his well-being, the lack of effect from physical methods cooling, growth and high numbers fever).

You can not use antipyretic drugs in order to prevent a new rise in temperature - they should be used only when the child's body temperature rises again to the previous figures.

You can not give antipyretics for more than 3 days without examining the baby by a doctor because of the risk of developing a bacterial infection and the late appointment of antibacterial agents.

With the development of fever with spasm of the skin vessels (cold, pale hands and feet, marbling of the skin), after the introduction of an antipyretic drug, it is necessary to rub the child's skin until it turns red and urgently call a doctor.

If you experience side effects from taking antipyretic drugs, be sure to inform your doctor about it.

Before using any antipyretic drug, you must carefully read the package insert, paying attention to appearance, dosage, expiration date of the drug.

Despite all the recommendations on the use of antipyretics, children with fever should be examined by a doctor in the near future to determine the cause of the fever and prescribe a full-fledged treatment.

An elevated temperature in a child is always a good reason for parental anxiety. And if we are talking about the baby, then the excitement can turn into a real panic. In fact, fever and fever are fairly common symptoms of many diseases. Today we will tell you how to quickly and effectively cope with high body temperature in children of different ages.

Causes of fever in children

An increase in temperature occurs when exposed to children's body viruses, toxins or bacteria. immune cells in response to the penetration of the “pest”, pyrogens are released - special substances that cause the body to heat up from the inside. This is provided by nature for a reason, because the immune system works much more efficiently when the temperature rises up to 38°C. But if the temperature begins to rise to 39 ° C and above, there is a load on the cardiovascular, nervous and respiratory systems.

High temperature in children (from 37 ° C to 40 ° C) occurs with the following conditions of the body:

• the development of a bacterial/viral infection;
• eruption of milk teeth;
• overheating;
• heat stroke;
• strong emotional experiences;
• fright, prolonged stress.

Often a sudden onset of fever is the first symptom of a serious illness (meningitis, pneumonia, etc.). It may be accompanied by warning signs:

• Lethargy, inactivity, sleepiness.
• A rash appeared on the body of the crumbs in the form of blue “stars”, bruises.
• The child has stopped urinating, or it has become very rare, the urine has become dark in color; the appearance of seizures.
• Impaired breathing (too frequent or rare), too deep or, conversely, superficial.
• From the mouth of the child smells of a specific smell (acetone).

If you notice the presence of one of the above items in your child, you should immediately call an ambulance.

On a note! Any fever in a child under 6 months of age should be reported to the doctor immediately.

What temperature should be brought down in a child?

A frequent question of young mothers: when can you bring down the temperature in children?

Pediatricians have established the following temperature limits, depending on which a decision is made to reduce the thermometer to optimal values:

1. mild heat - from 37 ° C to 38.5 ° C;
2. moderate fever - from 38.6 ° C to 39.4 ° C;
3. high fever - from 39.5 ° C to 39.9 ° C;
4. life-threatening fever - 40°C or more.

Doctors are not recommended to give antipyretic drugs up to 38 ° C if the child's health is stable. It is possible to bring down the temperature with such an indicator without medicines: wet compresses, light rubbing of the skin will come to the rescue. The child needs to provide coolness, plenty of fluids and rest.

Note! If the measures taken do not bring results, and the child's fever does not subside for two hours, then it is necessary to give a drug to relieve fever, prescribed by the local pediatrician. At sharp rises thermometer readings or “jumps” in temperature from 38 ° C to 39.5 ° C, regardless of the age of the baby, call an ambulance immediately.

Don't Panic - Temperature in a Healthy Child

• Sometimes elevated temperature can be seen in a baby who has barely been born. The thing is that in a newborn child, the mechanisms of thermoregulation are not fully formed, so the body temperature in armpit can reach 37-37.5°C. In the evening, the temperature is usually higher than in the morning - this should be taken into account by new mothers.
• Higher than normal temperature during teething frequent occurrence that worries parents. But higher than 37.5 ° C in this case, the fever does not grow, so to alleviate the child's condition, you can follow home methods: more liquid, less warm clothes and no diaper, at least for the duration of wakefulness. If there are signs of fever (as well as signs such as nausea, vomiting, unwillingness to drink) and the temperature rises, you need to see a doctor.
• There are also situations when a healthy baby without visible reasons body temperature begins to rise, and very significantly. This may be due to overheating (especially at low humidity in the room). This is possible when the mother diligently wraps up the baby and does not open the window in the children's room during the day. As a result, when changing a diaper, she finds a hot baby who is breathing heavily and on the thermometer divisions exceed 38 ° C.

Remember: the child should be dressed only 1 layer warmer than yourself! Do not focus on the cool palms and feet of the baby. If the crumbs have warm elbow and popliteal folds, as well as a back, it means that he is comfortable and does not freeze.

Let's go down: 4 steps to reduce the temperature without drugs

There is a special table upper standards temperature in humans depending on age:

If the child has a fever, then the temperature should be reduced as soon as possible to 38.5 ° C (rectal - up to 39 ° C). What needs to be done for this:

• Create in the room where the child is located, the optimal temperature regime. The room should be moderately warm (about 23°C), but at the same time with access to fresh air, well ventilated.
• Pick the right clothes for your baby. If this is a child under one year old, then it is enough to put on a thin blouse or a slip. While the child has a high temperature, it is better to remove the diaper: it is easier to control whether the baby has urination. Also, diapers retain heat, which is the basis for a temporary cessation of their use while the baby has a temperature.
• Put a cool compress from a cloth soaked in water on the child’s forehead, it is also worth wiping the baby with water at room temperature. The baby can be lowered into a bath with water corresponding to normal temperature body (37°C). This will help to safely bring down the fever with angina. Frequent rubbing helps to more easily endure the disease. But rubbing with alcohol or vinegar is not recommended for young children - the skin of babies is very delicate and thin, it is easy for substances to penetrate through it, and in addition to the high temperature, we run the risk of getting poisoned in addition.
• Encourage your child to drink a lot and often. If the baby is on breastfeeding, then provide him with round-the-clock access to the breast. Mother's milk is a storehouse of immune factors that will help you cope with a fever faster. If the baby is artificial feeding or has already grown up, then offer him plain boiled water. It is imperative that you take at least a sip every 5-10 minutes to stay hydrated.

Important! To check if the child has enough fluid, consider his urination - a baby who drinks enough, urinates at least once every 3-4 hours with light urine. If a one-year-old baby refuses to take fluids, or is too weak to drink on his own, immediately consult a doctor.

How to bring down the temperature of a child: folk methods

At high temperatures, the main task of parents is to make sure that the child's body has the opportunity to lose heat. There are only two ways to do this:

1. sweat evaporation;
2. warming the inhaled air.

Relieve fever and improve the health of the child will help folk methods, which are distinguished by their simplicity, safety and the ability to resort to them in any situation.

Avoiding dehydration

If the baby has a temperature, and he refuses to drink even a little, then this is a direct path to dehydration, which can only be dealt with by droppers. In order not to bring to an extreme state, be sure to replenish the lack of fluid in the body of the crumbs.

What can be given to drink:

• babies: mother's milk, boiled water;
• from 1 year old: weak green tea, decoction lime blossom, chamomile decoction, dried fruit compote;
• from 3 years old: tea with cranberries / viburnum / currants, uzvar, mineral water without gas, etc.

If the fever is combined with vomiting and the liquid does not linger in the body, then in order to maintain the water-salt balance, it is necessary to dilute the powder of Regidron medicine according to the instructions and drink the child in a teaspoon.

We provide coolness

If the child has a fever, then it is necessary to immediately rid him of clothing that traps heat, thereby overheating and intensifying the painful condition of the baby. At any time of the year, ventilate the room for at least 10 minutes by running Fresh air in the room where the child rests. The flow of cool air has a beneficial effect on a small patient who has a fever. It can also be achieved in the summer by temporarily turning on the air conditioner or fan (without directing the flow towards the child!).

Wet wrap

Wrapping with a wet cloth helps a lot with intense heat, in the first minutes improving the condition of the child. Can be used for wrapping plain water. To do this, moisten a soft towel or gauze in water at room temperature, carefully wrap it around the baby's torso. Then lay the child down, cover with a sheet and carry out the procedure for 10-15 minutes. After an hour, with a good reaction of the body, you can repeat the wrap. For the best effect, you can do a wrap with yarrow infusion - 4 tbsp. freshly cut leaves, pour 1.5 liters of boiling water, leave for 2 hours, cool. Use healing composition needed during the day.

Important! This folk remedy can only be used if the child is on fire, he is very hot. If the crumb freezes, on the contrary, this means that he has experienced a vasospasm - in this case, the wrap cannot be carried out, but it is necessary to give an antipyretic.

Rubbing with vinegar

This is a long-standing way to reduce body temperature. It can only be used in children over 6 years old, and only with vinegar diluted with water 1:5. With a solution of one part of vinegar and five parts of water, you need to wipe the arms, legs, feet and palms of the child. soft cloth. You can repeat the rubdown every 3 hours. If after the procedure there is irritation on the skin, no longer resort to this method fever relief.

Therapeutic enema

An enema works well to reduce fever and lowers the high temperature by at least 1 degree during the first hour after the procedure. It is carried out in children older than 1.5 years. Simple solution for therapeutic enema: 1 tsp. chamomile herbs are poured into 0.2 liters of boiling water and infused for an hour. Then the infusion is filtered through gauze and is ready for use. You can also use saline solution for an enema, which is prepared quickly and very effective: 2 tsp is taken for 0.3 l of warm boiled water. fine extra salt and a few drops fresh juice beets. Mix everything thoroughly, and the solution is ready.

Taking a bath

A cool bath will help when the thermometer rises higher and higher, and there are no medicines at hand. Need to take a bath warm water but not hot - use a thermometer and check that the water is not higher than 37 ° C. Lower the child into the water and gently wash his body with a washcloth. Be careful, in hot weather, touching can be painful - in this case, just gently pour water on the child from a watering can. In 15 minutes of the bath, the body temperature will drop by at least a degree and the child will feel better. After the bath, just lightly blot the skin without wiping it dry - the evaporation of water will also additionally have a slight antipyretic effect. You can repeat the procedure up to 5 times a day.

Also you will find people's councils to reduce high temperature in the cheat sheet below.

And now tips for lowering the temperature from pediatrician. Watch video:

Antipyretic drugs: table by age

From the first days of life until adulthood, only a doctor can prescribe a medicine to a child. Therefore, the answers to the questions “how to bring down” and “how to bring down” the child’s temperature should be directed, first of all, to the pediatrician. Keep in mind that many of the medicines do not begin to act immediately, but after a certain period of time, which can take from 20 minutes to 1.5 hours.

• Paracetamol the doctor prescribes to children in two forms of release: suspensions and suppositories. The suspension is more palatable, so most parents prefer it. The tool helps to reduce the temperature not to the normal value of 36.6 ° C, but by about 1-1.5 degrees. A single "portion" of paracetamol is 15 mg per kilogram of a child's weight. For example, if the baby weighs 4 kg, he needs to be given 60 mg of this drug.
• Ibuprofen (active agent in medicines like Nurofen, etc.) refers to “reserve” drugs. It is actively used by mothers of children after a year, but not by infants. It is undesirable to appoint children under 4 months. Also, pediatricians discourage the use of ibuprofen at risk of dehydration because this medicine negatively affects the kidneys. On the one-time admission it is necessary to take 10 mg of ibuprofen per 1 kg of the child's weight.

On a note! The combination of ibuprofen and paracetamol in medicine is recognized as unsafe - drugs in practice have shown that they can enhance each other's side effects. If possible, adhere to drugs with the same active ingredient when treating a child, or take long breaks between doses different medicines(at least 6-8 hours).

• Panadol well established itself as a remedy for fever with angina, group, ear pain(otitis) and SARS. The suspension bottle is convenient to use, the medicine has a sweetish taste, so the kids take it calmly. The drug is used in children older than 3 months, before reaching this age - only as directed by a doctor.
• Cefekon D- a drug that is produced in the form of suppositories, it is based on paracetamol. Candles are convenient to use during the child's sleep, as well as dehydration (nausea, vomiting, inability to take liquid and food). Cefecon D has not only an antipyretic effect, but also an analgesic and anti-inflammatory. The action of suppositories begins in the first 15 minutes, but it also passes just as quickly, so a single use of the drug may not be enough until the morning.
• Drugs that should not be used to reduce the temperature in children: ketoprofen, nimesulide and other drugs from the NSAID group. Never give aspirin to your child as it can damage the brain and liver.

Important! To lower the temperature to normal values, antipyretic drug therapy alone is not enough - it is necessary to combine them with more safe means(rubbing, airing, drinking plenty of water).

Tips for parents: what to do if the child has a fever

Always be attentive to your baby's complaints about his well-being. Even if he mentioned that he was just hot, do not be too lazy to spend five minutes and look at the column on the thermometer. Treatment, started in a timely manner, will help to quickly identify the cause of the disease and prevent the development of the disease.

Before the list of tips, we recommend watching a short video on how to help a child with a temperature:

Don't drop the temperature early

If the temperature does not exceed 37.5 ° C, and the condition of the child is satisfactory, then do not rush to give the child medicines. Many pathogens die in the body at this temperature, this is a kind of immune defense which is provided by nature itself.

Remember the rules of behavior in case of illness

Mothers will have to deal with temperatures more than once in infancy, so it’s worth taking note of all the recipes in advance so that they are at hand in right moment. After all, when the baby is sick, there is no time to waste precious time reading forums - it is much better if the cheat sheets are always in sight (you can print them out and leave them in the first aid kit).

Have fever medication in your first aid kit

Children's medicines for temperature, taking into account age, should always be in case of emergency. home first aid kit. Fever can come on suddenly, at any time of the day, and it's best to be prepared to help your child by giving an antipyretic if needed.

What should not be done?

• Allow the child to run, jump and exercise in every possible way at temperatures above 38.5 ° C. physical activity- for get well soon The child's body needs rest and rest.
• Wrap your baby in warm clothes, cover with a warm blanket - trying to ensure that the child sweats properly, you can achieve reverse effect and provoke a new increase in temperature.
• To measure the temperature by force - a new stress for a sick baby is useless. If the baby resists and is afraid of a thermometer, try to measure his temperature in half an hour. Sometimes children are afraid to measure the temperature rectally, in which case there is a reason to use a different method of measurement.

Only a pediatrician has the right to prescribe. However, in some cases, when the child has a fever, and the decision must be made quickly, there is no time to wait for the doctor. Parents often take on a serious responsibility and give medicine to a sick baby on their own. In order not to be mistaken, you need to know which drugs are allowed to be given to infants, how to reduce the temperature in an older child, and which children's antipyretics are the best.

Medicines designed to quickly bring down the temperature are called antipyretics. Such drugs do not cure, but only help to relieve the symptom by influencing the thermoregulatory point in the hypothalamus. If the child has a fever, then ibuprofen and paracetamol will be the best children's antipyretics.

Prohibited antipyretics for children

Antipyretic drugs have many commercial names. In addition, they differ in manufacturer, dosage form, the attractiveness of the packaging and, of course, the cost. Most of these drugs are divided into 2 groups, depending on the active substance. These can be drugs based on ibuprofen or paracetamol.

However, there are some medicines that children are strictly forbidden to take:

• Analgin can provoke such adverse reactions like nausea, vomiting, anemia and dizziness. In babies, the medicine can generally cause anaphylactic shock Therefore, such experiments are unacceptable.
• Preparations based on aspirin are contraindicated in children under 12 years of age. If you give this substance with chickenpox, then the child can develop fatal dangerous disease Rhea, which is characterized by acute liver failure.

Paracetamol

This medicine was first marketed in 1953 in the United States of America. Instead of aspirin, which was indispensable at that time, the pharmaceutical industry proposed a new drug, which to this day remains in demand in pediatrics. What should be considered when using this medicine?

• Children's antipyretics, which are based on paracetamol, are prescribed for conditions such as fever, influenza, SARS, measles, chickenpox, rubella, bronchitis, otitis media, pneumonia, and also during teething. In addition, the indication for use is bacterial infection different localization, including urinary tract.
• Children's antipyretics with paracetamol are the safest, and many of them can be given even to infants from the age of one month. However, up to three months, the baby must be treated under the strict supervision of a pediatrician, since many components of the drugs, especially when long-term use, can cause allergy symptoms and overdose. These include the following manifestations: redness of the skin, itching, nausea, swelling, diarrhea and vomiting. As a rule, after discontinuation of the drug, these symptoms quickly disappear.

• Paracetamol should be given to a child very carefully in case of violation of the kidneys, liver, as well as diabetes and viral hepatitis.
• It should be noted that paracetamol is a kind of indicator of the severity of the disease. For example, if he quickly knocks down a high temperature in a child, it means that the baby develops SARS. But with influenza, bacterial and fungal infections, this substance can act for a short time and very weakly.
• It is necessary to calculate the dosage of the drug very carefully. As a rule, 10-15 mg of the active substance is recommended per kilogram of the child's body weight. The daily rate should not exceed 60 mg / kg. If the temperature is very high, you can daily allowance up to 90 mg. However, at least 4 hours should elapse between doses of the drug.

Medicines based on paracetamol

List of drugs:

• "Panadol".
• "Efferalgan".
• "Cefekon D".
• "Paracetamol".
• "Calpol".

Such drugs are available in the form of tablets, suspensions and rectal suppositories.

Ibuprofen

It is the second most popular pediatric antipyretic and was first registered in the UK in 1962. It was originally taken as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug for arthritis.

Consider the features of the use of this substance:

• Ibuprofen has an antipyretic and analgesic effect. It is prescribed in the case when paracetamol cannot cope with its task (either slightly reduces the temperature, or does not affect at all), or if the child has allergic reaction for drugs with paracetamol.
• To possible side effects include dizziness, overexcitation, nausea, vomiting, itching, urticaria, constipation, diarrhea, headache, lowering blood pressure and tachycardia. In addition, ibuprofen hinders the process of urination.
• The dosage of the drug is 10 mg per kilogram of body weight. The norm per day is 30 mg. The dosage should not be exceeded even at very high temperatures.
• Ibuprofen is different long-term action so it's best to take it at night. During the day, you can use paracetamol. In no case should these two drugs be given at the same time, they can be alternated with an interval of at least 6 hours. However, for example, Ibuklin Junior is a medicine that combines both paracetamol and ibuprofen. It is usually given when the cause of the fever has not been identified. In such cases, ibuprofen fights microbes perfectly, and paracetamol fights viruses.

Preparations with ibuprofen

The medicinal line with this substance:

• "Ibufen".
• "Nurofen".
• "Ibuprofen".

Such drugs are available in the form of tablets, suspensions and suppositories. Children's antipyretics without paracetamol are prescribed for children from the age of three with allergies, kidney and liver failure, asthma, hearing loss, gastritis, stomach ulcers and blood diseases.

"Nimulid"

The children's antipyretic "Nimulid" in the form of a suspension is also popular. The main active ingredient of this drug is nimesulide. Also present here is gum, sucrose, ricin oil, glycerin. To improve the taste, the manufacturer adds vanilla, mango, etc. It is worth noting that this medicine is more effective than ibuprofen and paracetamol, since it lasts up to 12 hours. It is prescribed for osteoporosis, arthritis, rheumatism, ENT diseases, after dental treatment and ligament injuries.

However, such a drug should not be given to children under 6 years of age, as well as with a stomach ulcer, impaired kidney and heart function, a tendency to bleeding, and individual intolerance. In addition, the drug has side effects: heartburn, nausea, drowsiness, arrhythmia, spasms in the bronchi, anemia, circulatory disorders, changes in blood pressure.

"Viburkol"

It's complex homeopathic remedy in the form of rectal suppositories. It is suitable for children of all ages. The only contraindications are individual intolerance and allergies. The composition of the drug includes such components: chamomile, bittersweet nightshade, big plantain, belladonna (Belladonna), calcium carbonate, The drug is in great demand, because it contains only natural substances.

The indications include:

• painful eruption teeth with fever;
• SARS (as an addition to the main treatment);
• symptoms of dyspepsia;
• addition to the treatment of parotitis, chickenpox, measles;
• nervous excitement;
• inflammation of the ENT organs;
• convulsions.

There were no contraindications for the drug.

When can you bring down a child's temperature

First of all, it should be noted that high temperature is defensive reaction when the body tries to cope with the causative agent of the disease on its own. At temperatures up to 38 ° C, there is a rapid production of substances that come into the fight against harmful microorganisms. Why, for example, such traditional methods of treatment as wraps, hot drinks and foot baths help to recover faster? Yes, because they contribute to the heating of the body. Therefore, pediatricians at temperatures up to 38 ° C do not recommend giving children's antipyretics. For children, it will be better if the body copes with this condition on its own.

Temperatures above 38 ° C begin to disturb the child. He has a malaise, his head starts to hurt, it becomes hot. Children's antipyretics up to a year are best given in the most extreme cases. First you can try to bring down the temperature folk remedies. Throw off the blanket from the baby, remove all warm clothes, leaving only light pajamas (in some cases, you can remove them too). At the same time, there should be no drafts in the room, otherwise the child may catch a cold.

Hot feet and hands of a small patient can be wiped slightly warm water, upon evaporation of which the body will be cooled, as a result of which the temperature will drop. Sometimes at a high temperature, the limbs can be cold, which indicates a narrowing blood vessels when the skin is not able to give off heat normally. In this case, you can dilute alcohol with water in a ratio of 1: 1 and wipe the legs, arms, chest with this composition until the skin turns red. If all these measures do not help, then you can resort to antipyretics. However, this is only first aid. little patient, the main treatment should be prescribed only by a qualified specialist.

What form of the drug should be chosen

What is better to give your child: suspension, tablets, or use rectal suppositories? The choice of drug depends on many factors:

• Suspension is considered the best remedy for a child under twelve. The liquid is quickly absorbed into the blood, starting to act after 20 minutes. However, the disadvantage of such a drug is an allergy to dyes and fruit additives. Suspension is the best baby antipyretic for babies.
• Tablets are prescribed for older children who can swallow such a pill. The medicine should be taken with water, although the tablets can be crushed and diluted with liquid.
• Rectal suppositories prescribed mainly for young children who do not want to swallow the suspension and constantly spit it up. Candles are placed at night, even a sleeping baby, and they last longer.

Temperature shot

Lytic injection consists of an antispasmodic, analgesic and antihistamine. An injection from the temperature is shown to the child in such cases:

• the patient cannot take the drug orally (unconsciousness, vomiting);
• a rapid increase in temperature, which neither ibuprofen nor paracetamol can bring down;
• febrile convulsions.

Contraindications:

• can not be used often, only in emergency cases;
• sharp pain(suspected inflammation of the appendix);
• age up to a year (since papaverine and analgin are present in the composition).

A lytic injection is usually given by paramedics.

Conclusion

Children's antipyretics, the list of which was presented above, should be used carefully. It is worth considering the presence comorbidities, especially chronic, age and characteristics of the child's body.

The body of a newborn and infant is much weaker than that of an adult, and therefore the infection can cause him more harm. The disease must be treated immediately. Many parents are afraid to give their baby medications, and not in vain, because if you violate the rules and recommendations on this matter, you can cause even more harm to the baby.

Features of antipyretic drugs

When an infection or virus enters the body, it immediately begins to fight it. This process can go unnoticed, but most often such a sign as an increase in body temperature indicates the ongoing struggle. If an adult is able to cope with this problem and can control his condition, in the case of small children, this phenomenon can be dangerous.

To correct the situation and alleviate the condition of the baby, you must first contact the clinic to the pediatrician. Based on the examination data, he will determine the direction of treatment and prescribe the necessary medications.

In almost every case, an antipyretic for newborns is included in the list of medicines. What are these drugs?

A feature of these drugs is their effect on the body: they prevent the synthesis of prostaglandin E, which stimulates an increase in temperature to fight microbes. As soon as this process is stopped, the hypothalamus will immediately react and stop attacking the infection in such an aggressive way. For young children, medicines have a more gentle effect and are available in a form that is convenient for taking.

When to give medication

Even an adult needs to drink medicines only after simple methods disease control becomes ineffective. For a child, the turning point is a temperature of 38-38.5 degrees. Up to this point, you should not interfere with natural immune processes.

Antipyretic is usually given to infants at a temperature of more than 38.5 degrees. However, it is necessary to look at the condition of the baby in each case.

The fact is that human immunity provides for the entry pathogenic microorganisms, which provoke various kinds of diseases and inflammations. In order to get rid of them, the body begins to produce antibodies, and also creates unfavorable conditions for the life of the infection. The thermoregulatory center in the brain, that is, the hypothalamus, receives a signal aimed at raising the temperature. It is at this moment that the most active phase fight the disease. If the temperature is in the range of 37-38 degrees, you should not worry too much. If the indicators become more serious, then the disease is not so simple. It is at this moment that it is necessary to give the baby the prescribed means to normalize the condition.

If you start treatment late, when the temperature rises above 39 degrees, it will be more difficult to cope with the disease. In addition, such a fever is a sign of serious violations. With a sharp churning of heat, convulsions may occur.

Is it possible to do without medicines?

Since children are more susceptible to the constituent components of the drugs, maximum caution should be exercised during treatment. It is advisable to exclude the use of antibiotics and potent drugs. Sometimes you can do without taking antipyretics. How do you know if this is possible in a particular case?

First of all, you should monitor the condition of the child and follow the recommendations of the doctor. If the temperature does not cause much discomfort to the baby and does not exceed 39 degrees, you can temporarily leave the body alone and not interfere with it on its own to deal with the problem that has arisen. But as soon as you notice that the condition of the newborn is deteriorating, take immediate action.

Instead of or together with antipyretics, auxiliary folk methods can be used. These include:

• wiping with water;
• compresses;
• plentiful drink;
• nettle decoction;
• tea from the leaves of raspberries, lingonberries and currants;
• Linden;
• pear knot.

However, please note that not all components of the fees are suitable for newborns. Some ingredients may cause allergies.

If you choose an antipyretic for a newborn, keep in mind that in such early age the baby still cannot swallow the pill normally, so you need to select other means for him. For children under one year old, forms such as syrup or candles are most suitable. Special series of children's analogues of medicines are being developed to relieve fever and inflammation.

Speaking specifically about syrups, it is worth noting that they should be given if the baby can swallow the entire recommended dose. Huge plus - pleasant taste syrup. It is most often sweet and has nice smell, so there are no problems with its reception. But the negative point can be considered the fact that the composition of such drugs includes dyes and flavors. In fact, they do not pose a threat to the health of the child, but can cause allergies in case of individual intolerance.

The most successful option for antipyretic for babies are candles.

A more suitable option for all newborn babies is candles. They contain oils and active ingredient. There can be no foreign impurities, as in syrup, in candles. Plus, they're even easier to use.

Concerning active substances and specific names of medicines, from antipyretics, the following are allowed:

• paracetamol (acetaminophen) - calpol, panadol, efferalgan;
• ibuprofen - nurofen.

Particular attention should be paid to the compatibility of drugs and limitations associated with congenital or secondary diseases.

How to give medication

For the treatment of fever small child most often candles are used. They may vary in the amount of active ingredient they contain, so read the instructions carefully. Using them is extremely simple: lay the baby on the tummy, and then gently insert the candle into the anus. To facilitate the process, it is recommended to additionally use baby cream or oil.

But with syrups, things are different. To give it to an infant or a newborn, it is best to use a special pipette. With its help, it is collected right amount the drug and poured into the baby's mouth. In any case, the reflexes will work, and he will drink the medicine. If your child can drink from a spoon, you can use it. Usually comes with a special measuring spoon or a glass, or the instructions indicate the recommended volume.

What can not be done at a temperature

Since young children do not perceive the same medicines as adults, it is imperative to know what actions should never be performed. First of all, pay attention to the list of drugs and active substances that are categorically contraindicated for children under 12 years of age. First of all, these are:

• acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin);
• metamizole sodium (analgin);
• nimesulide (nimesil).

Pay attention to the fact that babies are not recommended to give tablets, but you can prepare a suspension. If you urgently need to lower the temperature, consult a doctor. If necessary, they can give an injection of medicine and provide proper care for fever.

Particular attention should be paid to children with congenital pathologies, as well as problems of the central nervous system, respiratory and of cardio-vascular system. If you control the condition of the child, complications should not arise. Most importantly, don't self-treatment, because this can lead to complications.