A runny nose is an inflammation of the nasal mucosa, accompanied by discharge. A runny nose may indicate a child's morbidity with acute respiratory diseases or allergic reaction to some stimulus. Frequent runny nose may indicate chronic rhinitis. Therefore, it should not be ignored. You should not only get rid of the symptoms of a runny nose, but also find out the cause of its occurrence.

Causes of the development of a frequent runny nose in a child

Types of runny nose in children:

• Infectious rhinitis. Often caused by viruses or bacteria. Allocate acute and chronic rhinitis.
• noninfectious rhinitis. Occurs due to prolonged exposure irritant. non-infectious or vasomotor rhinitis divided into allergic and neuro-reflex.

The causes of the disease can be:

Cold air

Incidence

Allergy to something

Deviated septum of the nose

How to treat a frequent runny nose in a child at home?

In the autumn-winter period, rhinitis is quite frequent occurrence in children. He can be like independent disease, and a companion of influenza, acute respiratory infections or other diseases. Due to its physiological characteristics, even a slight runny nose can make it very difficult for a child to breathe. Therefore, even a slight runny nose must be properly treated. To do this, you need not only to use medications (drops, ointments, tablets), but also monitor the condition of the air in the room, proper hygiene nose and so on.

Many mothers go to extremes. Some believe that private rhinitis in a child is not a serious disease and you should not worry, it will go away on its own in a week. Others panic and use everything possible means, including pharmaceuticals. You should not panic, but you should not let everything take its course either. Proper Treatment and care will help to cope with the disease and will not lead to complications.

Frequent treatment tips baby runny nose?

Is your baby running nose again? Sooner or later, all parents face the need to choose a remedy for a cold for a child. Meanwhile, dads and moms understand that universal means from this disease simply does not exist. Only A complex approach can help the baby overcome it unpleasant disease. Consider the main ways to deal with the disease in children.

Always make sure that the air in the room where the sick child is located is well humidified. Open windows as often as possible, ventilate, regularly do wet cleaning in the nursery. Use a humidifier to help your child recover from a runny nose. Wet diapers hung around the room can replace this device.

The nasal passages also need moisture. To do this, you can use saline or thuja oil, as well as sea ​​water. The child's nose must be washed periodically, freeing it from accumulated mucus. The best for these purposes are such remedies for the common cold as Aqua Maris, Physiomer.

After consulting with a pediatrician, it is necessary to bury the nose with drops or use folk remedies for instilling the nose.

Inhalation is also great way treat frequent runny nose in a child. You can do inhalations with decoctions of various herbs or with mineral water. The main thing is not to forget about the precautions. Too much hot water dangerous with scalding steam, which can damage the lungs of a child, therefore, in no case should the comfortable temperature be exceeded.

Aromatherapy and warm baths.

Warm compresses to the nose area.

Avoid hypothermia, lead healthy lifestyle life, temper and monitor nasal hygiene.

An effective method against the common cold is acupressure and breathing exercises.

In case of allergic or neuro-reflex rhinitis, the child should be protected from contact with the irritant.

important and effective remedy- plentiful intensive drink. The baby should drink often and in large quantities. Teas, decoctions, natural juices and various fruit drinks should be used. If the cause of the disease is a viral infection, then it will be very useful to solder the patient with linden tea. This tea not only strengthens children's immunity It helps to expel the virus from the body.

With a runny nose, it is very difficult for a child to fall asleep. If the baby's head is horizontal, then the secreted mucus accumulates in the nose and makes it difficult to breathe freely. To avoid this, you need to try to lift the pillow. You can put another pillow, cushion or folded blanket at the head of the bed.

A proven way to treat a frequent runny nose in a child is vasoconstrictors. Many doctors themselves recommend them to reduce swelling and alleviate the condition of a sick baby. But we must not forget that these drops must be treated very carefully, observe the dosage, frequency and duration of use. If you still decide to use them, do not forget to rid the child's nose of accumulated mucus before instillation. Otherwise, the drops simply will not work.

An ancient remedy for a cold - dry mustard in children's socks - can give very, very nice results.

Combining various means, you can quickly save the baby from pain which is what we wish you.

Even a slight manifestation of rhinitis should be treated and not ignored. However, diseases are easier to prevent than to treat. Therefore, do gymnastics, harden the body and lead a healthy lifestyle with your child. And then, all diseases will bypass you and your family.

All parents want their child to grow up healthy. And when children get sick often, it becomes a real problem that requires medical intervention. And in this regard, cases with a constant runny nose are very indicative. It seems that considerable forces are being applied to cure him, but the symptoms still do not go away. What is it connected with, how it manifests itself and what is required to eliminate rhinitis - many puzzle over these questions. But only by contacting a doctor, you can get competent answers.

The main problem with a prolonged course inflammatory process in the nose is to determine its origin. Indeed, with an incorrect establishment of the source of pathology, even the most modern treatment will be ineffective. The causes of a runny nose in children can be different. First, frequent rhinitis is the result of respiratory viral infections. Then we are talking about a decrease in the body's immune reactivity, and hence its ability to resist infections.

Secondly, the problem may be chronic. But not so much infectious agents as others are already involved here. adverse factors:

• Structural abnormalities (deviation of the nasal septum, birth defects, consequences of fractures, foreign bodies).
• ENT diseases (adenoids and polyps, sinusitis, tonsillitis).
• Irritant agents ( cigarette smoke, dust, dry hot or cold air, chemical substances).
• Sensitization of the body to allergens.
• Uncontrolled use vasoconstrictor drops(decongestants).

Harmful aerosols and dust can cause acute at first, and then chronic inflammation mucous membrane. They lead to a violation of the outflow of secretions from the nasal cavity due to the death of the ciliated epithelium. Ventilation disorders occur during volumetric processes that interfere with the passage of air (adenoids, polyps, foreign bodies), and long-term pathological processes in other parts of the respiratory tract, they only maintain a constant inflammation of the nasal mucosa.

Special mention should be made of allergic rhinitis. It has a non-infectious origin, and edema and mucus hypersecretion are caused by the production of histamine, serotonin, and bradykinins. These substances increase vascular permeability and are responsible for other allergy symptoms. And the reason for such sensitization can be various antigens surrounding the child in Everyday life(food, animal hair, plant pollen, drugs, chemicals). Vasomotor disorders may have a neuroreflex mechanism, arising in response to the inhalation of cold air, with strong odors or stress. In turn, this is also accompanied by rather violent manifestations from the nasal mucosa.

If the child has a constant runny nose, then first of all it is necessary to determine the cause of the violations. states responsible for similar phenomenon, maybe several.

Classification

So, it became clear that a runny nose in children can be both acute, but often recurring, and chronic. The latter has several varieties. AT modern classification protracted rhinitis there are such forms:

• catarrhal.
• Hypertrophic.
• atrophic.
• Allergic.
• Vasomotor.

The first is characterized by superficial inflammation of the mucous membrane. During the hypertrophic process, its compaction occurs. Atrophic rhinitis, on the contrary, is accompanied by thinning of the mucosa and the formation of crusts. Allergic rhinitis, in turn, is seasonal and year-round. It can be included in the structure of atopy (along with dermatitis and bronchial asthma). A vasomotor runny nose is not associated with inflammation or allergic reactions.

Symptoms

To understand why a child has a constant runny nose, you should first deal with his clinical picture. First, the doctor interviews the patient himself and his parents for complaints, and then conducts a general and ENT examination to identify objective signs. As a rule, with a prolonged runny nose, there are the following manifestations:

• Nasal congestion.
• Allocations (mucous, mucopurulent).
• Violation of nasal breathing.
• Decreased sense of smell.
• The nasality of the voice.
• Difficulties in breastfeeding.
• Headache.
• Decreased attention and memory.
• Bad dream.

The last symptoms from the above list are associated with hypoxia due to ventilation disorders. Therefore, children have to breathe through their mouths, which creates a characteristic appearance. If a child has frequent colds, other symptoms may appear, such as cough, sore throat, and fever. Other symptoms of allergic rhinitis include:

• Uncontrollable sneezing.
• Watery discharge.
• Itching in the nose.
• Lachrymation.
• Conjunctivitis.

With atrophy of the mucous membrane, children are worried about dryness in the nose and burning. When attempting to remove the crusts, slight bleeding and sores may occur. The hypertrophic process is sometimes accompanied by narrowing eustachian tubes which causes a feeling of pressure in the ears. On examination, the mucous membrane may look different: reddened and edematous, with a cyanotic tint, "marble", hypertrophied or thinned with a viscous secretion and crusts. It all depends on the character lingering runny nose.

The clinical picture prolonged runny nose children have a lot common features. But a more detailed examination allows us to establish the cause.

Additional diagnostics

Turning to a doctor, you can be sure of a quality and timely examination to establish a diagnosis. To understand what causes a frequent runny nose in a child, a laboratory and instrumental examination should be carried out:

• General blood analysis.
• Blood biochemistry: immunogram, antibodies to infections.
• Nasal swab (microscopy, culture).
• Allergy tests with various antigens.
• Rhinoscopy.
• Radiography.

Probably, an allergist or an immunologist will have to be involved in the formation of the final conclusion. We must not allow gaps in the diagnosis to remain, because the success of therapeutic measures can directly depend on this.

Treatment

Having learned about the causes of the pathology, one should move on to ways to treat a persistent runny nose. This requires differentiated approach, taking into account the nature of the pathology and individual characteristics organism. It should be understood that it is not the symptoms that are to be treated, but their immediate cause. It is impossible to allow the disease to gain a foothold and progress - it is important to eliminate it in time.

The success of treatment is largely determined by the creation of external favorable conditions. Parents with children need to remember that the room should be humid and cool air. In dry and hot weather, you can turn on the air conditioner and humidifier. If this is not the case, simply ventilate and spray water (clean, put wet towels, put filled open containers). This will moisturize the nasal mucosa and allow it to cope with inflammation more easily. A prerequisite treatment allergic rhinitis will be the elimination of contacts with putative antigens.

Food is recommended to be easily digestible, without spices, pickles, smoked meats and marinades. You need to drink more liquids (alkaline mineral water without gas, compotes, juices and fruit drinks). It is better to raise the head of the bed a little to facilitate breathing and secretion. It is necessary to constantly clear the nasal passages of mucus: if the baby cannot blow his nose, then use a suction (aspirator).

So that the child does not get sick so often, you can conduct hardening sessions, vaccinate during the SARS and flu season and avoid mass gatherings of people.

Medicines

It is quite difficult to cure a child with a frequent runny nose without medication. Based on the cause of the pathology, the doctor will prescribe certain drugs. The list of medicines recommended for use in children may include:

• Salt solutions (Aquamaris, No-Sol).
• Vasoconstrictor (Nazivin).
• Antihistamines (Allergodil, Kromoheksal).
• Antiseptics and antimicrobials (protargol, salicylic acid).
• Glucocorticoids (Nasonex).
• Oil solutions (Sinuforte, vitamins A and E, rosehip and sea buckthorn).
• Immunomodulators (Nazoferon).

These drugs are used as local forms: spray and drops, ointments, inhalations. With vasoconstrictors, one should be especially careful, since their irrational use can cause vasomotor rhinitis. Therefore, all drugs should be prescribed only by a doctor and used under his supervision.

Usage medicines local action- the basis for the treatment of chronic rhinitis in children.

Non-drug remedies

In chronic rhinitis, physiotherapy is widely used: ultraviolet irradiation, UHF-therapy, massage of reflexogenic zones (acupuncture), inhalations mineral waters, Spa treatment. With hypertrophy of the turbinates, they are cauterized using electric, laser or radio wave coagulation, cryotherapy. Adenoids and polyps are also removed. Foreign bodies removed from the nasal cavity endoscopically.

A constant runny nose delivers a lot of trouble not only to children, but also to their parents. But in order to get rid of it, you must first find out the cause of the violations. And this is impossible without visiting a doctor. The specialist will conduct an appropriate diagnosis and make a diagnosis, on the basis of which he will tell you what to do in the future. By following the doctor's recommendations, you can be sure of effective elimination protracted runny nose and normalization of the quality of life.

Runny nose- the main symptom of a cold or viral respiratory disease. It usually appears with a cold and disappears with it too. However, it also happens that a person is worried about a frequent runny nose, which, it would seem, occurs for no reason. In fact, such a process is caused by certain factors, even if it seems to the patient that there are no reasons for such a condition of the nasopharynx.

Causes of frequent runny nose in children and adults

The causes of frequent runny nose are quite diverse, so much so that sometimes even a specialist finds it difficult to understand the nature of its origin. The most common cause of nasal discharge is infectious diseases such as influenza, measles, scarlet fever. Sometimes even a slight inflammation of the nasal mucosa leads to the development of rhinitis, which worries a person for a long time.

Another, perhaps the most common cause of frequent runny nose in a child is an increase in adenoids. Dust and air pollution are unfavorable factors that worsen the condition of the nasopharynx with enlarged adenoids.

Symptoms of a very frequent runny nose in infants

If there is a frequent runny nose in a newly born baby, do not worry ahead of time. Most likely, such a process is not a pathology, but is caused by physiological features functioning of children's respiratory tract. In pediatrics, such a concept as "physiological runny nose" is known, it is an increased secretion of mucus from the baby's nasopharynx in order to cleanse the respiratory tract and prepare them for new living conditions.

A very frequent runny nose in both children and adults can occur as a result of an allergic reaction. It is not difficult to recognize it, because it is accompanied by such symptoms:

• frequent prolonged sneezing;
• itching and burning in the nose;
• dryness of the mucous membrane;
• abundant mucous transparent selection.

However, a frequent runny nose in a child should still be a reason for his parents to seek help from a pediatrician. The specialist will establish the causes of this condition of the nasopharynx and, if the disease develops, will prescribe an effective treatment. It is impossible to let such a process take its course, because even a slight inflammation of the nasal mucosa in a child can result in the development of sinusitis for the baby. When the inflammatory process is not treated, the condition of the nasopharynx worsens and then it will be much more difficult to cure the disease. One of the complications of a protracted runny nose is, which especially often occurs in children. To prevent this, with frequent and prolonged child ears should be buried as a preventive measure.

Among the causes of frequent runny nose in adults, otolaryngologists call such a factor as the curvature of the nasal septum. It can be congenital or acquired, in these two cases, a person is often worried about rhinitis.

Treatment of a common cold with drugs and folk remedies

When the first signs of rhinitis are detected, all measures should be taken to maximize fast elimination signs of illness. To do this, it is advisable to wash the sinuses saline. What to do with a frequent runny nose in a child and can he wash his nose? Babies cannot wash their nose, but it can be dripped with a saline or saline solution, the nose must first be cleared of mucus using a rubber bulb or a special aspirator.

If irritation of the nasal mucosa is observed, it can be removed with oil-based nasal drops. With abundant discharge from the nose, vasoconstrictor drugs are used to alleviate the patient's condition. During the treatment of rhinitis in children, such drugs cannot be used for more than 5 days, while they must necessarily belong to the group of children's medicines.

At purulent secretions from the nose shows the use of antibiotics. Antibacterial drugs can only be prescribed by an otolaryngologist, who takes into account the age of the patient and the type of causative agent of bacterial rhinitis.

Frequent runny nose in adults can be cured folk remedies. Such are considered effective folk methods rhinitis treatment:

1. A solution of aloe juice and honey, taken in the same amount. In this medicine, cotton turundas should be moistened and inserted first into one nasal passage, and after 15–20 minutes into the other.
2. Finely chop the onion and garlic, put on a saucer and pour a small amount of water. For 10 minutes, carry out cold inhalation, inhaling the medicinal phytoncides of onion and garlic.
3. Prepare fresh beet-carrot juice, dilute half with water and drip nasal passages.

Frequent runny nose should not be started, since a constant inflammatory process leads to serious illnesses nasopharynx.

Quite a few mothers complain that their children very often suffer from a runny nose. Although it should be noted that snot in children can indicate not only the onset of a respiratory disease, but also be a symptom of another serious illness. Nevertheless, before declaring war on snot, it is worthwhile to figure out what caused them, and only after that look for effective methods treatment.

The reasons

Runny nose (rhinitis) is an inflammation of the nasal mucosa. The human body is designed in such a way that the nose is a kind of filter that moisturizes, warms and purifies the inhaled air. The mucous membrane constantly produces mucus, which contains antimicrobial elements. Upon contact with aggressive irritants, the production of these substances increases, inflammation and swelling of the mucous membrane occurs - snot begins to flow from the nose. It's kind of defensive reaction organism, as a rule, to viral or bacterial infections, which are activated during hypothermia of the body or weakened immunity. Therefore, the appearance copious discharge from the nose can most often indicate the onset of a respiratory disease.

It becomes difficult for a child to breathe, especially difficult for small children. Their nasal passages are short and small, so any swelling of the mucous membrane complicates nasal breathing, may also create feeding difficulties, affect children's sleep. And mouth breathing leads to overdrying of the mucosa and the transition of infection to lower divisions respiratory tract.

In the autumn-winter period, rhinitis in many children is present almost constantly. And this is really problematic not only for the child, but also for the parents. because it is wrong to ignore a lingering runny nose, because it can cause undesirable consequences for good health.

For example, if with respiratory viral disease do not constantly moisten the mucous membrane, for example, with saline, then the snot in the nose will thicken and dry out (due to high temperature diseased or incorrect humidity level in the room). Thus, the mucus in the nose will stop working as an antimicrobial agent and turn into rich in protein a substance in which bacteria are very comfortable to multiply. Such a transition from a viral infection to a bacterial one can be observed by changing the color of nasal discharge. From transparent, they become greenish or yellow-greenish. And here a more serious approach to treatment is already needed.

The other most common cause of lingering snot is allergies. Allergic rhinitis can last even several weeks in a row. At the same time, apart from snot, the child has no other symptoms. Although sometimes allergic rhinitis can also be accompanied by skin rashes, allergic lesions of the bronchi, digestive system.

Here the most important task for the parent is to determine the source of the allergy and remove it from the living space of the child. To do this, you need to observe where and under what circumstances the child's runny nose intensifies: at home or on the street. Anything can be harmful: plant pollen, dust, animal hair, the smell of a new laundry detergent, tobacco smoke, a new product introduced into the diet, and the like.

If it was not possible to independently identify the allergen, then you should seek the advice of an allergist doctor. Based on the results of several tests, the specialist will be able to determine what exactly causes the allergy and prescribe treatment. As already mentioned, the main thing in the fight against allergic rhinitis is the elimination of the allergen. In addition, the specialist may prescribe topical antihistamines in the form of drops or nasal products, as well as systemic drugs to prevent allergic reactions in the future. The doctor can prescribe not only synthetic drugs, but also homeopathic remedies well proven. Also, during an exacerbation of the disease, the doctor may advise taking sorbents that will help remove allergens from the body.

Another one worth mentioning probable cause prolonged runny nose in children, which concerns the smallest. Often a slight clear discharge from the nose accompanies the process of teething. Pediatricians remind that teething in children is accompanied by weakened immunity, which means that the body becomes more vulnerable to viral infections. Although a long, but slight runny nose in a baby cannot be explained only by a virus, because such a symptom is not typical for the course of SARS.

Do not forget that the nose and mouth in children are closely connected by the blood supply system. When teeth are cut, the blood supply to the gums is activated. Therefore, the glands of the nasal mucosa also work more intensively, hence the extra mucus. Usually such snot is transparent and often similar in consistency to saliva. After teething, such a runny nose stops.

Less common cause chronic rhinitis children may have sinusitis, the development of polyps in the nose, adenoiditis, a foreign object entering the nose.

How to treat a persistent clear runny nose

Most important rule for parents whose child suffers from a chronic runny nose: it is not the runny nose that needs to be treated, but its cause. At the same time, it is impossible to start the situation in any way. If snot is a manifestation of SARS, then the most important thing is not to let them dry out. That is, the nasal mucosa must be constantly moistened with saline solutions. Do not forget to clear the nose of accumulated mucus. If the child is small and does not know how to blow his nose, use aspirators. Be extremely careful and careful not to damage the mucous membrane.

The child should get enough a large number of liquids. This will help remove toxins from the body. Parents should make sure that the room where the child is located is often ventilated, and the air in it is cool and humid. In addition, with a runny nose, it is recommended to slightly raise the head of the bed, for example, by placing a larger pillow than usual. With this position of the torso and head, the nose will not stick, and the mucus will drain more easily.

Inhalations can be quite effective for a cold. They can be carried out on the recommendation of a doctor with mineral water, medicines or essential oils.

Sometimes pediatricians prescribe vasoconstrictor drugs. They reduce the swelling of the nasal mucosa, as well as the production of mucus. But here it should be remembered that the effect of such drops and sprays, although it quickly manifests itself, but lasts only a certain time. That is, they need to be used again and again. Exceeding doses of vasoconstrictor drugs or their long-term use leads to addiction and side effects. Therefore, they should be used for children only clearly on the recommendation of a doctor or according to instructions and no more than 5-7 days.

If viral rhinitis becomes bacterial (mucus becomes greenish-yellow from transparent), then the pediatrician will prescribe special antibacterial drops.

It should be remembered that a chronic runny nose in a child, especially a small one, can be a symptom of a serious illness, so consulting a specialist will not hurt.

The child constantly snot: what to do

After the runny nose has passed, and the child's health has improved, parents often wonder how to prevent persistent snot in future? If we are not talking about allergic rhinitis, then there is only one recommendation for preventing chronic rhinitis - to change the lifestyle so that the child's immunity is strong enough:

• Do not wrap up excessively, walk more on fresh air in any weather, temper the body, strengthen it so that it can more easily cope with ailments.
• Maintain optimal conditions in children's rooms: the air temperature should not exceed 22 ° C, and the humidity should not be below 55%. Do wet cleaning more often. It is advisable to use humidifiers, or you can install an aquarium - it will help slightly humidify the air.
• During the rise of acute respiratory infections, spend less time with the child in crowded places, avoid contact with sick people.

Especially for - Ksenia Boyko

Runny nose is a frequent visitor in families where children grow up. Everyone knows that nasal congestion is not an independent disease, it is only a symptom. Moreover, he can talk about a wide variety of diseases. However, in most families, moms and dads continue to treat the child with a runny nose. This therapy is sometimes long-term. Famous pediatrician Evgeny Komarovsky tells what a child's runny nose "beeps" to adults, and what parents should do to make the child breathe easily and simply.

About the problem

Even the most caring mother, who takes care of and protects the child from everything in the world, will not be able to make sure that the child never catches a runny nose in her life. This is because more often rhinitis (the medical name for the common cold) occurs with acute viral respiratory infections. At the physiological level, the following happens: one of the many viruses that always surround a child gets on the nasal mucosa. In response, immunity gives the command to secrete as much mucus as possible, which should isolate the virus from other organs and systems, preventing it from moving further along the nasopharynx, larynx into the bronchi and lungs.

Except viral form, which occupies about 90% of all cases of children's rhinitis, according to Yevgeny Komarovsky, rhinitis can be bacterial. With it, they enter the nasal cavity pathogenic bacteria. The body reacts similarly - increased production of mucus. By itself, bacterial rhinitis is extremely rare, and its course is always very severe. Bacteria (most often staphylococci) cause severe inflammation, suppuration, and toxic waste products - general intoxication.

Sometimes a bacterial runny nose can become after the child has had a viral infection. This is due to the fact that the accumulated mucus in the nasal passages becomes an excellent breeding ground for bacteria.

Usually these bacteria are harmless, they live in the nose and mouth on a permanent basis and do not bother the child in any way. However, in conditions of an abundance of mucus, its stagnation, drying out, microbes become pathogenic and begin to multiply rapidly. This usually happens with complicated rhinitis.

Third, pretty common cause runny nose in children - allergies. Allergic rhinitis occurs as a reaction of local immunity to an antigen protein. If such a substance enters the body, the nasal mucosa reacts with swelling, as a result of which it becomes difficult for the child to breathe through the nose.

In some cases, nasal congestion and nasal breathing disorders are associated with ENT diseases, such as adenoids. If the runny nose is acute (it occurred no earlier than 5 days ago), then there should be no reason for special unrest. In the case of prolonged snot in the presence of other symptoms, it is better to consult an otolaryngologist.

Treatment of viral rhinitis

Viral rhinitis is the most common among children and does not require treatment as such. The mucus produced by the membranes of the nose contains special substances that are very important for fighting the virus that has entered the body. However, beneficial features mucus will run out immediately after the snot becomes thick. While they are flowing - everything is fine, parents can calm down.

But if suddenly the nasal mucus thickens, becomes green, yellow, yellow-green, purulent, purulent with blood impurities, it ceases to be a “fighter” with the virus and becomes an excellent breeding ground for bacteria. This is how a bacterial runny nose begins, which will require antibiotic treatment.

Thus, at viral rhinitis the main task of parents is to prevent the mucus in the nose from drying out. The snot should remain liquid. Therefore, Yevgeny Komarovsky recommends not looking for pharmacy magic drops in the nose, because there are no drugs for viruses, but simply rinse the child's nasal cavity with saline solutions, and do it as often as possible (at least every half hour). To prepare the solution, you need to take a teaspoon of salt per liter capacity of boiled chilled water. The resulting solution can be dripped, rinsed with a disposable syringe without a needle, sprayed with a special bottle.

For instillation, you can use other means that help thin the nasal mucus - "Pinosol", "Ekteritsid". Effectively liquefies the snot by washing with the most common saline solution, which can be bought inexpensively at any pharmacy.

The drying up of nasal mucus, which is so necessary during the period of the body's struggle with viruses, is facilitated by stuffiness and dry air in the room, the lack of a sufficient amount of fluid in the body. Therefore, the room where the child with a runny nose is located should be ventilated and wet cleaned. Air in without fail should be moistened up to 50-70% . This will help parents special devices- humidifiers. If there is no such miracle of technology in the family, you can put basins of water in the corners of the room so that it can evaporate freely, hang wet towels on the batteries and make sure that they do not dry out. A child who often suffers from rhinitis should definitely give an aquarium with fish.

Dad needs to put special valve valves on the heating radiators in the room, with which you can regulate the air temperature during heating season. The air temperature in the children's room should be 18-20 degrees (year-round).

During the treatment of a viral infection, the child must definitely drink. But not syrups and medicines from a pharmacy, and the tea dried fruit compote or fresh berries, fruit drinks, ordinary drinking water. The drinking regimen should be plentiful, the mother should serve all the drink to the child warm, but not hot, preferably at room temperature. Such a drink is absorbed faster in the body, and the likelihood of drying out of the mucous membranes is significantly reduced.

If the child does not have a high temperature, he, despite the runny nose, must definitely walk in the fresh air, breathe more. On this treatment viral rhinitis and ends.

Treatment of bacterial cold

If the snot has changed color, consistency, become thick, green, purulent, you should definitely call a doctor. A bacterial infection is a serious matter, and ventilation alone is not enough. In most cases, the child will need antibiotic nose drops. But before the appointment, the doctor will definitely examine the prevalence of the inflammatory process and only then will decide in what form to give the child antibiotics - in tablets (with extensive infection with additional symptoms) or in drops.

Treatment of allergic rhinitis

The best treatment rhinitis caused by antigen proteins - getting rid of the source of these proteins. To do this, says Komarovsky, the allergist and pediatrician should try and find, with the help of tests and special samples, the very allergen that affects the child so much. While doctors are looking for the cause, parents need to create the safest conditions for the baby at home.

Be sure to remove all carpets from the children's room and Stuffed Toys, which are accumulators of dust and allergens. Indoors, wet cleaning should be done more often, but without the use of chemicals especially to be avoided household chemicals, which contains a substance such as chlorine.

The child’s things should be washed exclusively with baby powder, on the packaging of which there is an inscription “Hypoallergenic”, all things and bed linen after washing must be additionally rinsed in clean water. Parents should create adequate conditions in the room - air temperature (18-20 degrees), air humidity (50-70%).

If all these measures fail, and the runny nose does not go away, then the use of medicines may be required. Usually, in this situation, vasoconstrictor drops into the nose. They do not cure allergic rhinitis, but they provide temporary relief. Almost immediately after instillation, the vessels of the nasal mucosa narrow, the swelling subsides, nasal breathing is restored.

These drops are in any home first aid kit, and usually their names are on everyone's lips. Applied child treatment, these are "Nazol", "Nazivin", "Tizin", etc. However, these drops should not be dripped for longer than 3-5 days (maximum 7 days if the doctor insists on it), otherwise they will cause persistent drug addiction, in which, without drops, he will always experience difficulties with nasal breathing, and from constant use, the nasal mucosa may atrophy. In addition, Komarovsky calls for the use of exclusively children's forms of drops, which differ from adults in a reduced dosage. In addition, it should be remembered that many of these drugs are categorically contraindicated in children under two years of age. List side effects in vasoconstrictor drugs is also quite large.

Calcium gluconate is often used to treat allergic rhinitis. age dosage, antihistamines if the doctor deems it necessary. Children who have allergic rhinitis is of a chronic protracted nature, exacerbations occur every season, antiallergic drugs can be prescribed for local application("Kromoglin", "Allergodil", etc.). The drug "Rinofluimucil" proved to be quite effective.", which is combined remedy, which includes hormones, and anti-allergic components, and antibacterial agents.

If the child sniffs

Usually, parents immediately tend to think that the baby has a runny nose and plan how and with what to treat it. However, says Yevgeny Komarovsky, sniffing is not always a sign of illness.

If the child is upset, cried, and then sniffs for a long time, this is normal. physiological process, in which the "excess" of tears flow down the lacrimal canaliculus into the nose. Nothing to treat and drip is not necessary, it is enough to offer the child a handkerchief.

Runny nose in infants

Often parents ask how to treat a runny nose in newborns and infants. Evgeny Komarovsky claims that such crumbs do not always require treatment as such. If it seems to the mother that the baby is snoring or sniffing in a dream, this is not always rhinitis. In babies, the nasal passages are very narrow, which makes nasal breathing somewhat difficult. This condition does not require any other help than creating the right microclimate in the room, which was mentioned above. You can walk with your child more often.

If the nose does not breathe, breathes badly, or mucous secretions appear, it should be remembered that it is the narrowness of the nasal passages in infants that makes it difficult for the outflow of mucus, and therefore the risk of development bacterial infection they are significantly higher than in older children. The baby still does not know how to blow his nose. Parents will need to buy an aspirator and help the little one free the nasal passages from accumulated snot. saline solutions you can drip, drink and moisturize - too.

If a baby has white snot coming out of his nose, this is mucus mixed with milk or formula. This happens if the child unsuccessfully burped (partially in the nose). There is no need to treat anything in this situation either. Delete white slime rinse the spout with saline solution.

Nasal congestion sometimes occurs during teething. In this situation, parents are also required to fulfill the necessary minimum to create normal conditions. It makes no sense to drip and treat such a runny nose, as soon as the teeth erupt, the swelling in the nasal passages will subside by itself.

The longer a child with a stuffy nose breathes through the mouth with the flu or SARS, the higher the risk that not only the mucous discharge in the nose, but also in the bronchi and lungs will dry up. To avoid bronchitis and pneumonia, which are the most frequent complications respiratory viral infections, be sure to moisturize and thin. All methods are described above.

If, after applying certain drops in the nose, the child sneezes, his eyes are watery, you should not attribute these symptoms to an allergic reaction to medical preparation. These are normal manifestations of the immune fight against the virus, it is not worth canceling the treatment.

A runny nose does not always look classic. If a child's snot flows not outward, but inward, along back wall larynx, then the disease will be called nasopharyngitis. A doctor must treat him.

Any treatment with folk remedies can lead to serious complications, says Evgeny Komarovsky. All recipes offered traditional healers, aimed at eliminating the amount of mucus. With a bacterial runny nose, you can not warm your nose, rinse it with warm solutions, make compresses and