Treatment of the sublingual salivary gland. Inflammation of the salivary glands symptoms treatment

Even little child It is known that saliva is secreted in our mouth, it is needed for the processing of food. But which organs synthesize this secret, only a few adults know, which is very sad. The glands that produce saliva can become inflamed, making swallowing difficult, uncomfortable, and painful. Find out what are the symptoms of inflammation salivary glands And how is this ailment treated?

What is sialadenitis

By studying anatomy, you can find out that in the jaw of each person there are three pairs of salivary glands and a large number of small salivary ducts. Due to various inflammatory processes, the work of the glands can be disrupted. This inflammation in medicine is called sialadenitis. The disease often occurs as a complication to the underlying disease. More often one gland becomes inflamed, but with running form possible multiple lesions.

Symptoms of inflammation of the salivary gland

Common features inflammatory process of the salivary glands, regardless of their location, are:

pain in the region of the root of the tongue when swallowing or chewing;
swelling of the face or neck in the affected area;
high body temperature (39-40 degrees);
taste disturbance.

After some time, other symptoms of sialadenitis occur, which depend on the type salivary gland. In the photo you can see the symptoms of sialoadenitis.

parotid

The parotid glands are the largest, each weighing 20 to 30 g. They are located in the face between the cheekbone and lower jaw. The first signs of the disease appear 7-10 days after infection and are accompanied by headache, fever, and general weakness. The main symptom of inflammation is the appearance of swelling (which increases rapidly) in the area near the ear. The patient feels severe discomfort, pain while eating; as a result, appetite is reduced, and intestinal disorders may begin.

Submandibular

This type glands are located just below back teeth, under the jaw, is small, the mass of each organ is 14-16 g. If a stone has formed in the salivary duct, then the disease is accompanied by bursting pains in the region of the tongue and the bottom of the mouth, the release of viscous saliva with pus or mucus. As a result, secretion production may stop completely. Since the outflow of saliva is slowed down, the submandibular salivary gland increases during meals, then decreases.

sublingual

The salivary glands are located under the oral mucosa, on both sides of the tongue. They are the smallest of the three pairs, each organ weighs no more than 5 g. Often, inflammation under the tongue occurs simultaneously with inflammation of the submandibular gland. The disease is accompanied bad aftertaste in the mouth, a violation of taste, swelling of the tongue and a feeling of a painful swelling under it, pain when opening the mouth.

Causes of inflammation

For staging correct diagnosis it is necessary to find out the factors that cause pathology. The main reasons include:

penetration into the ducts of the salivary glands of a viral infection (with pneumonia, influenza);
damage to organs that produce saliva, bacteria (pneumococci, staphylococci, streptococci); as a result, immunity decreases;
operation;
injuries and blockages of the ducts due to the ingress of foreign bodies (hair, toothbrush villi, fruit peels) into them;
weakened immunity.

Salivary stone disease

This inflammation is characterized by the formation of stones in the salivary ducts. Often, salivary stone disease occurs in the ducts of the sublingual and submandibular glands. The causes of the pathology can be:

the consequence of mechanical impact on the organ, its injury;
congenital anatomical features structures of the salivary ducts, which lead to stagnation of saliva and the formation of stones;
excess or lack of vitamin A in the body;
violation of calcium metabolism.

Blockage of the salivary gland

Stagnation or blockage of the normal flow of saliva occurs in large glands(submandibular, parotid). The disease is accompanied painful sensations during meals. Factors that provoke blockage of the gland are:

dehydration;
malnutrition;
damage to organs that produce saliva;
stone in the salivary gland;
taking certain psychotropic and antihistamine medications.

Cancer

This pathology occurs very rarely and little studied in medicine. Cancer often affects men and women over 50 years of age. On the early stage the disease proceeds without symptoms, after a while malignant tumor begins to grow, becomes noticeable. If not detected in time, the prognosis of treatment may be unfavorable. The exact reasons for such malignant formations not defined. It is believed that people who have an injury to the salivary glands or who abuse smoking are at risk.

Cyst

cystic benign neoplasm often occurs on the buccal mucosa and lower lip, can sometimes appear on the tongue. Causes of cyst development include:

mechanical damage, injury;
poor hygiene oral cavity;
bad habits and malnutrition;
the formation of scars that narrow the salivary canal;
infections affecting the mouth and teeth.

Other diseases of the salivary glands

Other common diseases in which the gland becomes inflamed include:

parotitis(mumps) - an infectious disease;
benign (pleomorphic adenoma and Wartin's tumor) and malignant (adenocarcinoma, adenoid cystic cancer) tumors;
xerodermatosis or Sjögren's syndrome;
flu-like scaling;
calculous sialadenitis;
acute sialadenitis;
cytomegaly.

Treatment

At acute lesions antibiotics are prescribed.
If there are purulent accumulations, then surgical intervention is recommended. It is necessary to make incisions and carry out the removal of pus.
At chronic inflammation necessary complex treatment, which includes following a diet to increase salivation, immunostimulating and anti-inflammatory therapy.
On the initial stages diseases, conservative therapy is used and, as an addition to it, treatment with folk remedies (rinsing solutions, decoctions, infusions). Mouthwash can be used citric acid and soda solutions.

To determine the type of disease, the doctor may prescribe the following diagnostic methods:

CT scan;
MRI (magnetic resonance imaging);
Ultrasound of the salivary glands.

Which doctor to contact

Many do not know which doctor treats sialadenitis. The first step is to make sure you don't have mumps (mumps). Diagnoses it viral disease infectiologist. Treatment of other inflammations of the salivary glands is carried out by a dentist or therapist. In case of complications or accumulation of pus, the formation of stones in the salivary ducts, surgical intervention is necessary, which will be performed by the surgeon.

Salivary Gland Tumor Video

IN modern dentistry not only teeth are treated, but various inflammatory processes that occur in the oral cavity. Among the most common phenomena are problems with the glands of salivary secretion. Inflammation of the parotid salivary gland or parotitis is a disease that in most cases occurs due to the development of an infection in the body. Bacteria penetrate the gland through its main ducts, and the infection process can be lymphogenous, special hematogenous, and the most common contact.

Signs of the disease

Pathology is associated with features functional impairment the process of separating saliva. It is not difficult to determine it, since the patient is faced with pronounced characteristic symptoms:

Shooting pains in the region of the gland itself;
Tumor formation;
Heat;
Difficulty in swallowing and breathing;
Hyperemia in the affected area;
palpable infiltrate;
Dry mouth.

Upon detection primary symptoms you should immediately contact the experts. Various specialized doctors can determine and accurately diagnose diseases. It all depends on the age of the patient, on the cause of the pathology, on concomitant diseases.

Important! At total absence treatment or if it is neglected, there is a risk of developing purulent complications. The patient develops an abscess, the temperature rises, the general state. The abscess can break into the inside of the oral cavity, and a fistula may also occur on the surface of the skin.

What to do at home?

In the presence of the very first signs of the disease, it is necessary to take simple, but very effective measures which will help to avoid various complications. This way you can protect yourself from different pathologies, which then need to be treated only through surgical intervention.

In medicine, many cases have been recorded when negligent treatment of one's health led to the fact that in the area of \u200b\u200bthe gland there was severe swelling and had to be opened surgically to release the pus. In addition, the patient was given long-term therapy antibiotics.

To avoid similar problems, worth following following advice and follow them until the time of visiting the doctor. These are some simple rules:

Strict bed rest is required.
It is important to have a balanced diet.
It is advisable to grind food before taking it, since the patient often experiences severe discomfort in the process of chewing food and swallowing.
In order to avoid intoxication of the body, it is necessary plentiful drink- fruit drinks, juices and decoctions.
Dry warm dressings and compresses based on alcohol and camphor should be applied to the site of inflammation.

It is worth following a special salivary diet to ensure a constant outflow of saliva. For this purpose, patients need to keep a small piece of lemon in their mouth for a couple of minutes before eating. It is also recommended to eat crackers, cranberries, sauerkraut. Doctors often prescribe drugs that stimulate salivation, such as a 1% solution of pilocarpine. This is an ideal opportunity to eliminate the stagnation of saliva in the gland. It will exit the ducts, taking bacteria and dead cells with it.

To reduce fever and acute pain allowed to take anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal drugs- Baralgin, Ibuprofen and Pentalgin. They have an effective antipyretic, analgesic effect and effectively reduce inflammation. If such therapy fails positive result, you do not need to wait for an appointment, but immediately contact a professional.

Basic rules of treatment

Treatment of pathology should be carried out exclusively by a specialist. At home, you can give yourself only the most primary care aimed at alleviating the condition and preventing a serious development of the problem. If you start treating diseases in a timely manner, it will be quite possible to get by with conservative methods in outpatient settings. If uncomplicated home therapy did not give any results, the doctor will prescribe a special antibacterial treatment system. After removal acute inflammation a specialized surgical intervention. A professional will open the tumor and drain the salivary gland, which is especially effective when a large amount of pus accumulates in the gland. After cleansing the gland, special antibacterial drugs are introduced into the ducts.

Important! Treatment of chronic inflammation of the parotid salivary gland is long-term and sufficient difficult process. Requires not only professional approach, but also regularity, systematicity and strict adherence to the instructions of a specialist.

With a timely visit to the doctor, it is quite possible to do without surgical intervention. After the examination, the specialist will send the patient home, appointing folk methods treatment. Such therapy takes a little longer, but at the same time gives a fairly stable positive effect.

Treatment with folk methods

Inflammation of the parotid salivary gland and its symptoms are quite easily and simply removed by treatment with folk remedies. Them, like medications, a specialist must be appointed who will rely on the survey. Methods of treatment directly depend on the degree of development and the general etiology of the disease. Therapy can be based on the use of compresses, ointments and special products.

Compresses for inflammation

Here are a few effective recipes making compresses that quickly give a positive effect:

Three tablespoons of dry celandine are poured into the container and pour 300 ml of boiling water over them. Everything is brought to a boil, removed from the stove and infused for three hours. In the resulting infusion, gauze is wetted and applied to the swollen area for about an hour. The procedure of such a plan can be carried out 3-4 times a day.
You need to put a little fresh cottage cheese on a napkin and apply it to the site of inflammation 3-4 times a day, after changing the cottage cheese.
It is necessary to carefully grind 300 grams of celandine, 50 grams of St. John's wort and the same amount of yarrow. All this is poured with vodka and after a three-day infusion is applied in the form of a compress.

For more quick receipt a positive effect is to combine the use of compresses with self-made ointments.

Healing ointments

Here are some recipes medicinal ointments, which need to be applied several times to the area of \u200b\u200binflammation:

- 100 grams of melted pork fat mixed with 20 grams of camphor. The mixture is applied to the swollen area for 2 hours;

- 1 part pharmacy vaseline and about 10 parts birch tar. Everything is mixed on applied to the swelling;

- 10 grams of crushed dried celandine, 10 grams of fresh carrot juice and 40 grams of petroleum jelly are dismounted and the tumor is smeared with the resulting composition once a day approximately;

- 1 part fresh juice celandine and 2 parts of St. John's wort are mixed with melted lard. The ointment is very good for acute and painful inflammation.

These recipes are ideal for treating inflammation of the parotid salivary gland. As practice has shown, after about a week of treatment with these drugs, unpleasant symptoms completely disappear.

Propolis treatment

Propolis is natural product, which has big amount useful substances. For cooking remedy you will need to take a bottle, pour 20 grams of pre-crushed propolis into it. Raw materials should be poured with 0.5 alcohol and left for a week, shaking occasionally. A tincture of 20 drops is taken for the first days, then 40 and above. You need to drink the composition three times a day before meals, after diluting it in milk or water. After three months, the inflammatory processes irrevocably disappear.

Garlic and oil

For cooking desired composition you will need to take 100 ml of oil, heat it in a water bath, let it cool and pour pre-chopped garlic into it. The mixture is infused for a week. After that, everything is carefully filtered and used to lubricate the oral cavity.

The resulting composition can be instilled into the nose, pouring about 7 drops into the nostril. You can moisten a cotton swab and insert it into your ear. The tool in the process of application will have a positive therapeutic, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effect.

Healthy foods

Treatment of inflammation of the parotid gland can be carried out not only with herbs and ointments, but also with properly prepared useful products. Among the most effective are:

Kerosene. An ideal result can be achieved by rinsing the mouth with a mixture of salt and kerosene. To prepare it, you need to take 0.5 liters of kerosene, pour 3 tablespoons of salt. All this is well shaken before use and warmed up a little.
Soda. A spoonful of soda dissolves in a glass of water. like a mixture should be rinsed once a day.
Needles. It is necessary to boil a liter of water, throw in 5 tablespoons of pine needles and cook everything for half an hour. After this, the remedy must be insisted, strained and drunk in half a glass approximately twice a day.

If the inflammation of the salivary gland has occurred due to an infectious infection, it is worth rinsing the mouth several times a day with a weak solution of potassium permanganate. Lemon juice not only provides increased salivation, but also removes bacteria that cause infection.

Prevention

Inflammation of the parotid salivary gland, like other types of diseases, is much easier to prevent than to treat them later. If you neglect your health, you can face quite serious consequences.

Modern medicine knows cases when an untreated neglected inflammatory process of the salivary gland led to rather dangerous consequences, since the glands are located quite close to the brain.

To ensure that this disease is prevented, the following preventive measures should be observed:

It is necessary to constantly reinforce the body useful vitamins and minerals;
It is important to establish proper nutrition;
It is worth walking in the park, in the fresh air;
You need to actively engage in physical exercises;
It is important to carefully observe personal hygiene - brush your teeth at least twice a day and then rinse your mouth with special antibacterial solutions.

Due to the fact that most bacteria enter the body through saliva, there is a high probability of infecting others with this infection. If one of the home overtook this disease, he needs to allocate separate dishes and personal hygiene products.

Summing up

If you protect yourself from dangerous pathology failed, you should immediately consult a doctor and clearly follow the instructions. Compliance with all the advice and prescriptions of specialists is very important, the treatment should be as clear and complete as possible. If the pathology is not treated, there is a risk of the formation of necrotic processes dangerous for humans in the body, that is, the death of cells in the tissues of the gland. With a severely neglected form, sometimes even surgical intervention does not help. Treat this inflammatory disease it is necessary to start immediately, as soon as the first symptoms appear, since the consequences of the disease can become irreversible.

Help with inflammation of the parotid gland with the help of points

Salivary glands are glands that are found in the mouth. They carry out a number of functions necessary for the healthy functioning of the body. Such as the secretion of saliva, the secretion of hormone-like substances, the filtration of fluid components of the blood, the excretion of metabolic products. They are located in the jaw area. There are many small glands and 3 pairs of large ones. These are the sublingual, submandibular and parotid. Inflammation of the salivary gland causes problems with swallowing food, the release of necessary enzymes. How to conduct treatment of inflammation of the salivary glands prescribed by a doctor. Self-medication can cause complications.

Symptoms of inflammation of the salivary glands

The main signs of the disease are:

an increase in the size of the gland;

fever body;

pain on palpation;

strong headache that gives to the neck, temple or back of the head;

lack of salivation;

hearing loss;

redness of the skin near the salivary gland;

discharge of pus (with acute inflammation of the salivary gland of bacteriological origin);

feeling of discomfort and pain in the region of the root of the tongue;

pain when swallowing.

Symptoms of acute inflammation of the salivary glands

Acute inflammation characterized by infiltration, edema, necrosis and purulent fusion of gland tissues. But the acute form of the disease does not always end with necrosis or suppuration, most often it simply subsides in the earlier stages.

In the case of inflammation of the parotid glands, a characteristic symptom of the disease is pain when opening the mouth and turning the head to the sides. The edema extends to the submandibular, buccal, retromaxillary regions and to upper section neck.

Also hallmark inflammation is hyposalivation (gland dysfunction). Flakes of pus, mucus, or a large number of cells of desquamated epithelium may appear in saliva.

When the process is localized in the salivary submandibular gland, pain appears when swallowing, swelling in the sublingual and submandibular region.

In most patients, inflammation occurs in mild form, and much less often in severe. Almost always, inflammation is expressed by swelling of the gland, a decrease in its functions. The presence of inflammation is confirmed by the results of a cytological study of the secretion of the salivary gland.

Chronic inflammation of the salivary glands

chronic inflammation occurs with exacerbations, which are gradually replaced by remissions: the system of excretory ducts (sialodochitis), parenchyma or interstitial tissue is mainly affected.

Inflammation almost always begins with general malaise and weakness. Body temperature varies between 37.5 - 38.5 degrees, and against this background, a slight swelling may appear in the parotid or submandibular region. In some cases, everything is limited to just swelling, while in others it gradually increases and becomes very painful. Sometimes reddening of the skin occurs in the area of inflammation and, due to the increase in the salivary gland, the earlobe rises slightly.

Often, pain due to inflammation prevents the patient from even opening his mouth. The mucous membrane of the mouth dries up and appears in the mouth unpleasant feeling. Sometimes the inflammation of the salivary gland is very severe, and the patient's condition requires immediate hospitalization. Therefore, at the first symptoms of inflammation, it is urgent to consult a qualified doctor.

Inflammation of the salivary gland as a sign of mumps

especially dangerous form inflammation of the salivary glands - mumps (mumps). And it is dangerous because the virus disease-causing, can affect not only the salivary gland, but also the mammary, sex glands, pancreas, nervous tissue. The virus is transmitted mainly by airborne droplets, i.e. infection can be transmitted through dishes, toys, handshakes, etc.

When the first symptoms of inflammation of the salivary glands of the patient appear, it is immediately necessary to isolate the patient in a separate room, provide separate dishes and it is desirable to limit all contacts with healthy people.

In order to prevent mumps, doctors are already using vaccinations. They do not provide complete protection against the disease, however, they significantly reduce the likelihood of developing various complications and facilitate the course of the disease itself.

Inflammation of the salivary gland - treatment of the disease with traditional methods

In the treatment complex classical technique include:

treatment of the mouth with a cotton swab, which is moistened in a solution of potassium permanganate or in a solution drinking soda.

antibiotics into the gland duct and intramuscularly;

with complex inflammation and no result during conservative treatment inflammation of the salivary gland - surgical intervention.

galvanization.

Treatment of acute inflammation of the salivary gland

Any treatment for inflammation should be discussed with a doctor, self-medication in this case will not help in any way. The healing process is positively affected by:

diet that stimulates salivation

all kinds of compresses

washing

and mouthwashes antiseptic solutions,

antibiotics,

enzymes.

If no improvement is observed within four days of treatment of inflammation and the tumor only increases, reddening of the skin, etc. is observed. then surgical intervention is used for treatment.

How to treat inflammation of the salivary gland chronic form?

The disease can become chronic and worsen after a certain period of time. Treatment of inflammation of the salivary glands in this case does not lead to full recovery, but only for a while "heals" inflammation. During the period of exacerbation, it is necessary to take antibiotics and means to increase salivation. In addition, doctors often use Penicillin solution, novocaine blockades and Yodlipol in the treatment of salivary glands. At the same time, the structure of the salivary gland changes very much (it becomes dense and bumpy), and the function of salivation gradually decreases over time.

Treatment of inflammation of the sublingual and submandibular salivary glands

Very severe inflammation of these glands usually begins with a slight swelling under the tongue, pain when swallowing food. The mucous membrane of the mouth has a slight redness, swells. Light pressure on the salivary gland causes the release of pus or cloudy fluid.

The treatment for this form of inflammation is the same as for inflammation of the parotid salivary glands. If during the examination it is found salivary stones, then it is necessary to remove them, and in some cases it will be necessary to remove the entire gland. With purulent inflammation, the methods of treatment are only surgical. Do not delay the treatment of inflammation of the salivary glands, because it is fraught with serious complications.

Folk remedies for inflammation of the salivary glands

To help traditional medicine may come folk remedies. Consult with your doctor, he will select the treatment option that is right for you. There are several remedies that have been tested by a large number of patients. They rated these recipes for their effectiveness.

Eucalyptus oil(2 tablespoons) stir in boiled warm water(1 cup) and gargle with this mouth and throat.

Pour water (1 liter) into the pan, bring it to a boil, lower the needles there coniferous tree(5 tbsp. l). Boil for 20-30 minutes. Then leave the brew to infuse. Drain liquid into a separate bowl. To treat inflammation, you need to take the remedy inside 2 times a day.

Grass eryngium (1 tablespoon) pour boiling water (1 cup). Infuse for two hours. Used to rinse the mouth and throat.

Use aromatherapy with essential oils of eucalyptus, cypress, pine needles to treat inflammation of the salivary glands.

Teas with echinacea, canadian goldenseal will increase immunity in the treatment of inflammation of the salivary glands.

pumpkin juice will help relieve swelling of the body as a whole and in problem areas.

Fees in the treatment of the inflammatory process of the salivary glands

Good help to treat inflammation of the salivary glands fees the following compositions:

raspberries, horsetail, immortelle flowers - for rinsing;

peppermint, elder flowers, veronica flowers - for rinsing, sometimes used for inhalation due to essential oils mint;

sage leaves, chamomile, eucalyptus - rinse with inflammation of the salivary glands;

leaves of viburnum or yarrow.

It is better to check the use of each collection with your doctor so as not to harm your body.

Causes of inflammation of the salivary glands

The causes of inflammation can be different:

intoxication;
obstruction of the channel by a stone or foreign body;
infection.

Acute inflammation may be caused various reasons. These include intoxication, exhaustion, viral infection, dehydration, etc. The cause of the symptoms of inflammation of the salivary gland can also be pathogens of tuberculosis, actinomycosis, syphilis, cytomegaly, mumps viruses, etc. The pathogens enter the salivary gland through excretory duct, or hematogenous and lymphogenous way.

One of the most important factors development of acute inflammation of the salivary glands is a significant reduction in its secretory function. With inflammation in the ducts of the salivary gland, mixed flora consisting of pneumococci, streptococci and staphylococci.

chronic inflammation often a complication of the acute form, but it can also occur as primary disease. Chronic inflammation can be a symptom of diseases such as Sjögren's syndrome and Mikulich's syndrome.

Inflammation of the salivary glands occurs in response to a viral or bacterial stimulus. medical name of this disease - sialadenitis or sialadenitis. Most often it affects the parotid, less often - the sublingual and mandibular organs. As a result, the secretion of saliva is disrupted, the work of the digestive system appears, and there are difficulties in swallowing.

In the human oral cavity there are small ones grouped on the surface of the tongue, lips, cheeks, palate, and three large ones:

submandibular;
sublingual gland;
parotid salivary gland.

They contribute to the production of saliva, which moisturizes the mucous membranes, teeth and is involved in the process of primary food processing. In addition, the parotid organ is responsible for internal secretion, participates in the metabolism of proteins and minerals.

With sialoadenitis, organs are affected by infection as a result of penetration into them pathogenic microorganisms. Causes the development of the disease are:

The spread of bacteria: staphylococci, pneumococci, streptococci, Koch's bacilli.
Penetration of viruses: influenza, mumps ("mumps"), cytomegalovirus.
Reproduction of fungi.
Oncological diseases.

Inflammation occurs against the background of infection.
Important! The risk of developing sialadenitis increases with dehydration, high prolonged temperature, hypercalcemia, trauma and blockage of the ducts, and operations on the digestive organs.

Symptoms

Inflammation of the salivary glands is accompanied by:

An increase in temperature: from 37.5°C at an early stage to 40°C with complications.
Enlargement of the affected organs.
Pain on palpation.
General weakness.
Bad taste and dry mouth.
Hyperemia of the orifice of the duct.
Pain when opening the mouth, chewing, talking, swallowing.
The formation of pus.
Blockage of the duct.
Fistula formation.

Lack of treatment threatens with serious complications.
Important! Lack of treatment leads to various complications: necrosis, encephalitis, meningitis, inflammation of the craniofacial nerves, lesions urinary system, boys develop orchitis and infertility.

Kinds

There are two forms of sialadenitis: acute and chronic. The first is always due infectious processes, the second one develops as independent disease due to the predisposition of the organ to pathological abnormalities.

Acute sialadenitis:

Chronic sialadenitis:

Treatment

If inflammation of the salivary glands and symptoms occur, treatment is carried out in a hospital. It is based on conservative therapy, surgical intervention is less often required. For acute and chronic forms, different approaches are used:

In acute mumps, drugs based on interferon, antipyretics and analgesics are prescribed.
Treatment of nonspecific sialoadenitis is based on the elimination of the focus of inflammation and the normalization of the functioning of the endocrine organ. Appoint:

diet with hyperacidity to stimulate salivation;
antibiotics and antiseptics;
compresses from a solution of "Dimexide" (30%) once a day for half an hour;
physiotherapy: warming up, UHF;
with increased hyperemia - novocaine-penicillin blockade.

With purulent inflammation, an operation is performed.
Important! Surgery necessary if it develops purulent inflammation or a duct blocked the stone. In the first case, it opens a cavity with pus and ensures its discharge, in the second, a stone is removed.

3. In case of chronic inflammation of the salivary gland, treatment during the period of exacerbation is carried out the same as with acute forms. During remission are shown:

- massage of the ducts with the introduction of antibiotics into them;
- novocaine blockade;
- galvanization once a day for a month;
- introduction to the organ of internal secretion "Yodolipol" every 3-4 months;
- reception potassium iodide: 1 tbsp. l. three times a day for 4 weeks;
- x-ray therapy.

Important! If everyone remedial measures do not give a positive result, the salivary glands are removed.

Inflammation of the salivary gland occurs in acute or chronic form. It is provoked by infections, injuries and autoimmune pathologies. Treatment is usually based on conservative methods are less likely to resort to surgery. Prevention of sialoadenitis consists in observing, strengthening immunity, timely elimination of infectious diseases

Sialoadenitis is a disease with pronounced symptoms, the salivary glands are involved in the negative process.

Inflammation of the salivary glands causes considerable discomfort to the patient, and if left untreated, complications arise.

It is important to know why the sublingual, parotid and submandibular salivary glands become inflamed, how to quickly cure sialadenitis and what are its symptoms.

The inflammatory process develops after the penetration of viruses and pathogenic bacteria. blocked ducts, swelling, pain syndrome, dry mouth occurs due to the action negative factors: the infection penetrates from the outside or from other parts of the body.

A dangerous form of the disease - mumps or, popularly, "mumps" develops in children, less often in adults after the penetration of a viral infection. Often the cause of inflammation is bacteria: streptococci, staphylococci, pneumococci.

Provoking factors:

Surgical intervention in the oral cavity with the use of anesthetics.
Depletion of the body.
Decreased immunity against the background of starvation, poor diet, antibiotics, oncopathologies.
Inflammation lymph nodes, gum tissue, advanced caries, stomatitis, phlegmon.
Intrauterine damage to the fetus by the cytomegalovirus. During pregnancy, infection occurs from a sick mother: the infectious agent easily overcomes the placental barrier.
Poor oral care. With poor hygiene, an inflammatory process often develops, the infection quickly penetrates into one or more glands.

Kinds

In most patients, parotid and submandibular areas become inflamed.

Problems in sublingual gland occur less frequently, against the background of phlegmon or abscess at an advanced stage of dental diseases.

Doctors distinguish two forms of sialadenitis:

acute;
chronic.

By the nature of the symptoms, the following stages of sialadenitis are distinguished:

Purulent. High temperature, pronounced swelling, redness of the epidermis over the gland, pain, discharge of pus from the inflamed area.
Serous. Swelling in the area auricle, temperature indicators are almost normal, the volume of saliva is noticeably reduced, the pain is moderate, it increases with saliva or food intake.
Gangrenous. dangerous stage sialadenitis with fever, active inflammatory process, necrosis of the tissues of the affected gland. Lack of therapy provokes the development of sepsis, melting of the walls large vessels leading to fatal bleeding.
Parotitis. Acute onset of the disease sharp rise temperature, soreness and swelling in the ear area, swelling on both sides is clearly visible. In adult patients, inflammation often affects the glands under the lower jaw.

Features of the disease

It is not difficult to recognize sialadenitis: the inflamed area swells noticeably, discomfort appears, with severe forms disease, the color of the epidermis changes over the problem area. With self-medication, the inflammatory process is actively developing, the disease often passes into the chronic stage.

The inflammatory process affects both one and several glands.

The advanced forms of sialadenitis are difficult, in the absence of competent therapy, the infection spreads with the blood and lymph throughout the body, the temperature reaches 40 degrees and above, there is a threat to life.

Temperature

A characteristic feature in the following types sialadenitis:

gangrenous;
purulent;
parotitis.

The thermometer rises to 38-39 degrees or more.

The more active the inflammatory process, the higher the rates.

Active accumulation of pus leads to a deterioration in the general condition. At serous sialadenitis the temperature rises slightly against the background of moderate inflammation.

Dry mouth

The inflammatory process provokes blockage of the ducts of the salivary glands, the production of liquid lubricant in the oral cavity is markedly reduced.

With calculous inflammation, the ducts are blocked by a stone, swelling is clearly visible.

Lack of saliva interferes with chewing food, while eating discomfort increases.

With serous sialoadenitis, the volume of saliva reflexively increases at the sight of dishes on the table, but there is little benefit for the patient: pain syndrome appears at the same time.

Swelling and redness

Swelling of the tissues clearly indicates an inflamed gland.

With the activation of the pathological process, an increase in the volume of purulent masses, the problem area swells more strongly, the pain intensifies, it is difficult for the patient to open his mouth, chew, talk.

Inflammation of three pairs of large salivary glands disrupts many processes.

Patients with any form of sialadenitis report a deterioration in appearance.

Sometimes the swelling is so noticeable that the tumor is the size of a baby's fist.

Redness of tissues - another characteristic symptom sialadenitis. The more pus, the more the color of the epidermis changes. With gangrenous and purulent form diseases, redness is clearly visible not only on the mucous membranes of the oral cavity, but also over the inflamed gland.

Pain

All forms of sialoadenitis are accompanied by discomfort.

While eating, talking, opening the mouth, swallowing, palpation, the discomfort increases.

Feeling the bumpy areas often provokes unbearable pain, pus is released from the ducts.

Increased pain is a sign of activation of the inflammatory process. With the accumulation of pus in the problematic gland, the number of pathogenic microorganisms increases, the infection affects new areas, redness and swelling are more noticeable. The greatest pain was noted in purulent, gangrenous sialadenitis and mumps.

During therapy, it is important not only to reduce discomfort with the help of analgesics, but also to stop pathological process. Further accumulation of pus increases the pain syndrome, increases the risk of blood poisoning, and poses a threat to life.

A photo

It's important to know what they look like. various forms and stages of sialadenitis, in order to recognize the disease in time, consult a doctor. The gallery presents photos of inflamed areas with damage to the sublingual, parotid and submandibular salivary glands.

Inflammation of the salivary glands - photo

Sialadenitis

Treatment

Depending on the stage of the disease, doctors prescribe conservative therapy or recommend surgery to remove pus from the affected gland. With acute inflammatory process treatment takes place in a hospital.

The main directions of therapy:

treat diseases against which the inflammatory process develops;
suppress the activity of infectious agents;
stop the spread of viruses or bacteria;
stop the production of purulent masses;
reduce pain, swelling, redness;
reduce discomfort during eating, talking, hygiene procedures in the oral cavity.

Conservative treatment of acute nonspecific sialadenitis:

antibiotics penicillin series, gentamicin in the area of the inflamed duct and orally;
antiviral or antimycotic agents, depending on the type of pathogen;
salivary diet with a predominance of acidic foods;
antiseptics on the affected area, effective formulations: potassium furaginate, dioxidine;
general tonic to increase immune protection;
novocaine-penicillin blockade with the activation of the inflammatory process;
physiotherapy sessions: UHF heating;
compresses with dimexide 30%. Active anti-inflammatory, disinfectant, analgesic effect;
intravenous injections of contrical.

Acute purulent inflammation, a rapid increase in the size of the tumor requires opening the problem area. During the operation, the surgeon pumps out pus, treats the wound with an antiseptic solution. When a stone is detected, the formation is removed, otherwise relapses of sialoadenitis will periodically occur when the ducts are blocked.

Treatment of the chronic form of inflammation of the salivary glands during an exacerbation is carried out by the same methods as in the acute process. During the period of remission, the patient takes a course of physiotherapy, receives drugs that reduce the risk of relapse.

A complex of therapeutic measures is being carried out:

Galvanization problem area within a month.
Electrophoresis with galantamine.
Massage of problem ducts, introduction antibacterial drugs to suppress the production of purulent masses;
The use of potassium iodide 2%. Drink the solution three times a day for 4-5 weeks, repeat the course after 4 months.
The introduction of iodolipol. The procedure is carried out once every three to four months to prevent exacerbations.
Rinsing the mouth with a decoction of sage, chamomile, eucalyptus, horsetail, raspberry leaves.

At frequent exacerbations, the absence of a noticeable effect from the treatment, doctors recommend the removal of the problematic gland.

Prevention

Simple measures prevent the development of sialadenitis:

timely treatment carious teeth, periodontitis, periodontal disease;
regular hygiene procedures in the oral cavity;
removal of tartar and soft plaque;
control of the course of chronic diseases, regular preventive examinations;
at infectious diseases- rinsing the mouth with antiseptic solutions. A simple procedure prevents infection of the mucous membranes, reduces the risk of saliva stagnation;
strengthening immunity, hardening, multivitamins, rejection uncontrolled intake antibiotics.

With the development of sialadenitis, one cannot self-medicate: the advanced stages are accompanied by a pronounced pain syndrome, the infection spreads throughout the body.

Chronic inflammation of the salivary glands causes discomfort for many months, sometimes ending in surgery.