Unplanned pregnancies often end in abortion. This method has a negative impact on health, so it is necessary to use effective methods contraception. One of the best ways to prevent pregnancy, the use of oral contraceptives that contain synthetic analogues female sex hormones.

The effectiveness of modern birth control pills reaches 100%. In many cases, thanks to them, it is achieved healing effect. Oral hormonal contraceptives(OK) have been used for more than 40 years. During this time they were constantly studied and improved. Combined OCs have been created, in which the content of hormones is significantly reduced, and contraceptive effectiveness saved.

How does hormonal contraception work?

Birth control pills “turn off” ovulation, while maintaining cyclic bleeding reminiscent of menstruation. The follicle does not grow, the egg does not mature in it, it does not leave the ovaries, so pregnancy is impossible. In addition, the mucus in the cervix thickens, and the endometrium also changes, which prevents the attachment of a fertilized egg in case of pregnancy.

The beneficial effects of oral contraceptives on a woman’s body are as follows:

• stabilization of the menstrual cycle, while the amount of blood released decreases. This helps to correct iron deficiency anemia, which occurs in many women;
• reduction of abdominal pain during ovulation and manifestations;
• promotion protective properties mucus of the cervical canal, which halves the frequency of infections of the uterus and appendages;
• reduction in the frequency and associated curettages;
• reducing the risk of developing mastopathy when taking monophasic oral contraceptives, especially those containing progestogens with low androgenic activity;
• suppressing the production of androgens in the ovaries, helping to treat acne, seborrhea, hirsutism and other manifestations of virile syndrome. This is especially true for birth control pills containing progestogens with an antiandrogenic effect or with low androgenic activity;
• increasing bone density, improving calcium absorption, which prevents the development of osteoporosis.

Composition of oral contraceptives, classification and their names

Combined oral contraceptives contain an estrogen and progestogen component. Progestogens prevent pregnancy, and estrogen causes proliferation of the endometrium, simulating its normal development, while eliminating irregular uterine bleeding. In addition, it replaces the body's own estrogens, which are no longer produced in the ovaries when using oral contraception.

The active estrogen found in most birth control medications is ethinyl estradiol. The progestogenic component is represented by derivatives of 19-nortestosterone: Norethisterone, Levonorgestrel, Norgestrel. Modern progestogens have been created: Dienogest, Drospirenone, Desostrel, Norgestimate, Gestodene. They have a minimal androgenic effect, do not cause weight gain, and do not affect the metabolism of fats in the body.

After childbirth, while breastfeeding, it is recommended to take medications only with a progestogen component (Mini-pill), since estrogens suppress milk secretion. Purely gestagenic drugs are also indicated for women who need to limit the intake of estrogens (patients with hypertension, diabetes, obesity). These include Microlut, Excluton, Charozetta (contains desogestrel).

If oral contraceptives contain less than 35 mcg of estrogen, they are called “low-dose”. In microdosed birth control pills, the concentration of estrogen is reduced to 20-30 mcg. High-dose preparations containing 50 mcg ethinyl estradiol are used mainly in medicinal purposes.

What is the difference between monophasic, biphasic and triphasic drugs?

Oral contraceptives are divided into monophasic, biphasic and triphasic.

• In monophasic tablets, the content of both components is the same in all tablets.
• Biphasic ones contain a constant dose of estrogens and a varying concentration of progestogens, which increases in the second phase of the cycle. At the same time, the total dose of estrogens is slightly higher than in monophasic preparations, and less of progestogens.
• Three-phase contraceptives have a varying ratio of components that simulate the normal menstrual cycle.

List of the most common monophasic contraceptives:

• low-dose: Femoden containing desogestrel - Marvelon and Regulon;
• microdosed: Logest containing desogestrel - Mercilon and Novinet.

List of new generation hormonal contraceptives with a three-phase structure:

• Tri-Mercy (contains desogestrel);
• Trialen;
• Trisileste.

Contraceptive pills with an antiandrogenic effect contain a progestogen component with an antiandrogenic effect (Diane-35, Zhanine) or with a strong progesterone-like effect (Tri-Mercy, Regulon, Novinet). Preparations containing desogestrel are often used to treat hyperandrogenism in adolescents.

Drospirenone is a fourth-generation progestogen component with significant antiestrogenic, antiandrogenic, and antigonadotropic effects. It does not cause any serious side effects. Drospirenone, in particular, is part of such a microdosed monophasic drug as Dimia. It is especially indicated for patients with unstable blood pressure. This drug is very effective in relieving symptoms premenstrual syndrome.

Classification of oral contraceptives depending on the composition and phase of action:

Fixed combinations of estrogens and progestogens:

1. Norgestrel + estrogen (cyclo-progynova)
2. Levonorgestrel + estrogen (microgynon, miniziston 20 fem, oralcon, rigevidon)
3. Desogestrel + estrogen (Marvelon, Mercilon, Novinet, Regulon)
4. Gestoden + estrogen (Gestarella, Lindinet, Logest, Femoden)
5. Norgestimate + estrogen (silest)
6. Drospirenone + estrogen (vidora, dayla, jes, dimia, midiana, modell pro, modell trend, yarina)
7. Nomegestrol + estrogen (zoely)
8. Dienogest + ethinyl estradiol (diecyclen, janine, silhouette)

Progestogens and estrogens in combinations for sequential use:

1. Levonorgestrel + estrogen (tri-regol, trigestrel, triquilar)
2. Desogestrel + estrogen (tri-mercy)

Progestogens:

1. Linestrenol (exluton)
2. Levonorgestrel (postinor, escapelle, eskinor-f)
3. Desogestrel (lactinet, modell mam, charozetta)

Medicines for emergency contraception– levonorgestrel.

Which of the following remedies is better to choose for regular use? It is impossible to answer this question unequivocally. IN different situations Various drugs will be more effective.

Selection of hormonal oral contraceptives

The prescription of hormonal contraceptives is carried out by a gynecologist after examination and taking into account many factors: the patient’s age, type of contraceptive, dosage and type of progestogen component, dose of estrogen.

The best birth control pills the new generation contains progestogens such as gestodene, desogestrel, norgestimate, drospirenone.

How to choose birth control pills depending on age:

1. For women under 35 years of age, low-dose or micro-dose monophasic contraceptives are preferable, as well as triphasic ones, including those containing desogestrel or drospirenone.
2. For women over 35-40 years of age, monophasic drugs with desogestrel or drospirenone, pure progestins or microdoses are more suitable.

The names of birth control pills should be checked with your doctor, because the prescription will most likely only list the active ingredients. The doctor currently does not have the right to write the specific name of the drug in the prescription.

How to take birth control pills

For continuous use, doctors used the “21 + 7” scheme for many years. Nowadays, the “24 + 4” regimen is becoming increasingly widespread, that is, 24 days of admission, a break of 4 days.

During the break, bleeding usually occurs, reminiscent of menstruation. It may begin 2-3 days after stopping use and continue during the first days of taking a new package.

There are regimens that allow you to delay the onset of this bleeding or reduce the number of such cycles during the year. These modes can be used for short periods of time, for example when traveling to sporting events or on holiday, before surgery and so on. Modes for long-term use can be prescribed during treatment, anemia, as well as for the characteristics of a woman’s life, including sports and professional activities. In this case, the woman does not have her period for many weeks.

Long-term use of oral contraceptives without interruption is used for diseases of the genital organs, for example. In addition, it increases the reliability of contraception and does not cause harm to health.

Hormonal contraceptive regimens

The tablets are taken orally, once a day, at the same time, with a small amount of water. For convenience, many modern contraceptives are available in special packaging that makes it easier to count days. If you miss taking the drug, you must follow the clear rules specified in the instructions. Most often it is recommended to take the next tablet as soon as possible and use barrier methods contraception during this cycle.

Pregnancy may occur after stopping treatment different terms- from a month to a year. This depends on the woman’s health, her hormonal levels, and ovarian function. Taking oral contraceptives in cycles preceding pregnancy is safe for the unborn child. If pregnancy is suspected, immediate discontinuation of oral contraceptives is necessary. However, using them in the early stages will also not cause harm to the fetus.

In some cases, short-term use of birth control for 3 months is used to stimulate ovulation after stopping it, which increases the chance of getting pregnant. This property of hormonal contraceptives is used to treat infertility.

How long can you take birth control pills?

With regular monitoring by a gynecologist, good tolerability and effectiveness, such drugs are used for several years. If necessary, the medicine can be changed, but the method of hormonal contraception itself has proven itself very well for the treatment and prevention of female diseases.

Emergency contraception

Cases of its use are not uncommon, especially if a woman uses primitive methods of contraception (coitus interruptus). It happens that a condom breaks or violence occurs. Every woman should know the names of emergency contraceptive pills. The most commonly used products are Postinor, Escapelle, Eskinor-F.

They should be taken within the first 72 hours after sexual intercourse. Repeated use of the same drugs in the current menstrual cycle is not recommended. To protect against pregnancy, barrier methods of contraception should be used. In case of repeated unprotected sexual intercourse during the cycle, only emergency treatment is used. hormonal contraception using the drug Danazol. Its effectiveness is significantly lower than levonorgestrel.

Side effects and contraindications

One of the main myths about birth control pills is that they can cause malignant tumor. Modern oral contraceptives do not cause cancer. On the contrary, in women who use this method of contraception for 3 years, the incidence of endometrial cancer is reduced by half, and the incidence of ovarian or intestinal cancer is reduced by a third.

Side effects are most often mild. At the beginning of treatment, they occur in a third of patients, then these phenomena are observed in every tenth woman.

Side effects of oral contraceptives:

1. Clinical:

• A) general;
• B) causing cycle disorders.

2. Dependent on the action of hormones.

Common side effects include headache and dizziness, depression, breast tightness, weight gain, irritability, stomach pain, thrombophlebitis, decreased glucose tolerance, skin rash and other symptoms. An allergy to the components of the drug is also possible. Hair loss when taking such drugs is rare; it is associated with insufficient antiandrogenic activity of the drug and requires changing the drug to a more effective one.

Menstrual irregularities include intermenstrual spotting when taking hormonal contraceptives, as well as absence of menstruation. If side effects do not go away within 3 months, you need to replace the drug with another one.

Amenorrhea after taking hormonal contraceptives occurs due to endometrial atrophy, goes away on its own or is treated with estrogens.

Severe consequences after taking contraceptives are rare. These include thrombosis and thromboembolism, including deep veins or pulmonary artery. The risk of these complications is lower than during pregnancy. However, oral contraceptives are relatively contraindicated if there is at least one risk factor for thrombosis: smoking, obesity, arterial hypertension.

Use is contraindicated in the following cases:

• arterial and venous thrombosis;
• previous transient ischemic attack;
• coronary heart disease;
• diabetes mellitus with vascular complications;
• migraine with focal neurological symptoms;
• combination of risk factors for thrombosis;
• severe diseases of the liver and pancreas;
• tumors of the liver, genital organs, mammary glands;
• uterine bleeding of unknown cause;
• pregnancy;
• For combination drugs– lactation.

If you avoid using birth control pills with such contraindications, then the likely harm from hormonal contraceptives is much less than their real benefit.

If a woman does not want or cannot take hormonal OCs, she can use new generation non-hormonal birth control pills to prevent pregnancy. It must be clearly understood that they mean spermicidal agents for local application, that is, vaginal tablets. They need to be inserted into the vagina before sexual intercourse. These drugs not only kill sperm, but also have an anti-inflammatory effect. Unfortunately, the contraceptive effectiveness of such drugs is less; the chance of getting pregnant when using them is 20-25%. From this group, the vaginal tablets Pharmatex, Benatex, Ginekotex are most often used.

In modern gynecology, hormonal contraception is considered the “gold standard” for preventing unwanted pregnancy. Modern means effective, well tolerated, provide not only contraceptive, but also therapeutic effect. Independent choice birth control pills is difficult. To discuss issues of birth control, you should consult a doctor.

The latest birth control pills: freedom of choice. Hormonal and non-hormonal, used after intercourse. Which ones are better to use?

Thank you

The main priorities of modern medicine are concern for the preservation reproductive health women, protection and ensuring safe motherhood. It is no secret that Russia is one of the first places in terms of the number of abortions. Abortion is real operation which often leads to infertility, menstrual irregularities, miscarriages, and even maternal mortality. We can draw the following conclusion: measures to prevent abortions can help maintain a woman’s health and give birth to a healthy child.

No wonder they say that children are the flowers of life. But each flower opens only at a time determined by nature. A woman has the right to give birth to a child whenever she wants, at any time in her life, so that the child is desired and happy. This fact is confirmed by law.

For the prevention of unwanted pregnancy and abortion at a certain stage of a woman’s life, plays an important role contraception.

Contraception has been used by women since ancient times. So, back in Ancient Africa, intravaginal devices were used herbal remedies in the form of a cocoon, and in America they used douching with herbal decoctions, lemon juice, and red tree bark decoction at the end of sexual intercourse.

The number of contraceptives increased over time, but effective methods and reliable drugs appeared only in the 20th century.

New contraceptives appear almost every day. Science does not stand still. They are easy to use, reliable, safe for health, and moreover, they have a therapeutic effect for certain diseases.

Currently, medicine offers various contraception, and a woman can always choose which methods and drugs to use. Our country provides freedom of choice of contraceptives, but a woman cannot always decide for herself what is best for her. In deciding on the choice of a contraceptive, a consultation with the attending physician will help - only a qualified specialist can assess the woman’s health status, determine the indications for prescribing a particular method of contraception, and suggest the most best drug for the patient.

Hormonal oral contraceptives

Every year everything larger number women use hormonal contraception. In Russia, over the past ten years, the use of hormonal contraceptives has increased more than 5 times. Reliability, ease of use, a minimum of side effects, and a beneficial effect on the organs and systems of the body allow hormonal drugs to find more and more grateful fans. Women today prefer hormonal oral contraceptives as the most effective. Combined birth control pills are the gold standard of contraception, their effectiveness is 99%. The newest hormonal contraceptives have created a sensation, a real revolution among other means of contraception.

The effectiveness of contraceptive drugs is assessed by experts by counting the number of unplanned pregnancies per 100 women during the year. This indicator is called the Pearl index.

Types and composition of birth control pills

The first oral contraceptives appeared in the fifties and sixties of the 20th century. Predecessor of all drugs for practical application- the contraceptive Enovid, which contained 0.15 mg of mestranol and 15 mg of norethinodrel. Then the development of hormonal agents developed and underwent the following changes:

• New birth control pills began to contain small dosages of hormones, while at the same time their effectiveness and reliability were maintained.
• New analogues of female sex hormones have been obtained: ethanyl estradiol and levonorgestrel.
• Third generation progestogens appeared - norgestimate, desogestrel, gestodene.
• The newest contraceptives have been developed - mini-pills that do not contain gestagen.

Taking drugs with low concentrations of hormones helps reduce side effects and complications.

Combined contraceptives contain two components:
1. Synthetic estrogen ethinyl estradiol, which is the estrogenic component of drugs.
2. Progestational component in the form of various progestogens.

All contraceptive pills, depending on the dosage of hormones, are divided into the following types:

• monophasic;
• two-phase;
• three-phase.

In monophasic hormonal contraceptives, the daily dose of active components is constant, but the composition may vary. It is clear that monophasic drugs consist of tablets with the same dose of hormones. These tablets are the same color and are used during one course. Popular monophasic contraceptives include: Regulon, Marvelon, Silest, Novinet, Mercilon, Rigevidon.

Biphasic drugs involve changing hormone doses twice per course, three-phase drugs - three times. Typically, such tablets for one course have different colors. Two-phase contraceptives include Anteovin, three-phase contraceptives include Tri-mercy, Triquilar, Tri-regol, Triziston.

“Mini-pill” contraceptives are monophasic and are intended for the period of breastfeeding and lactation. These include: Lactinet, Exluton, Charozetta.

The action of combined oral contraceptives (COCs) is based on blocking ovulation. In this way they protect against unplanned pregnancy. Only progestogen has the ability to block the ovulation process, the dose of which is the same in all combined contraceptive pills. The difference between microdose and low-dose drugs is only in the dosage of estrogen. Estrogens affect a woman's menstrual cycle.

Depending on the dosage of the active ingredients, birth control pills are divided into four types:

Microdosed birth control pills
As a rule, these products contain minimal doses of the hormone ethinyl estradiol. Side effects when using them are minimal. In some cases, they have the ability to eliminate hormonal imbalances: acne (especially in adolescence), painful menstruation. These pills are best suited for young girls under 25 years of age who have not given birth and have regular sex life. They can also be used by mature women over 35 years of age, and by women who have never used hormonal contraception. The most popular are: Tri-Mercy, Jess, Mercilon, Lindinet -20, Klaira, Novinet.

Low-dose birth control pills
The drugs contain the same ethinyl estradiol, but in combination with various hormones: desogestrel, gestodene, norgestimate, dienogest or levonorgestrel. These birth control pills are recommended for young women who have given birth. In addition to the contraceptive effect, these products have a pronounced antiandrogenic effect: they help eliminate unwanted hair growth on the face, prevent the appearance of acne and hair loss due to hormonal imbalance. Popular tablets: Regulon, Belara, Marvelon, Yarina, Janine, Midiana, Femoden.

Medium-dose contraceptive pills
Typically contain two hormones: ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel. Less commonly, they may contain other combinations of hormones. Medium-dose contraceptive pills are intended for women who have given birth, especially those over 30 years of age. They also have an antiandrogenic effect, which is important for women who have not recovered from pregnancy and childbirth. However, when choosing a drug, one condition must be observed - these products are not suitable for nursing mothers. Popular tablets: Diana 35, Demoulen, Tri-Regol, Chloe.

High dose birth control pills
They contain ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel, but only in high doses. Such drugs are primarily used for treatment and prevention hormonal diseases. Contraceptives of this type can be taken by women over 35 years of age, if drugs with a low dosage of hormones are ineffective. These include: Triquilar, Tri-regol, Ovidon, Milvane, Non-Ovlon.

Newest birth control pills: how to choose?

A woman wants full life, and fear and reluctance of an unplanned pregnancy should not be a reason for refusing sexual relations. There are many ways to protect yourself. The most reliable are birth control pills.

Choosing a contraceptive is difficult and should be taken seriously.

Ideally, a specialist should select contraceptive drugs, but sometimes the woman herself decides which pills to take. In these cases, it is necessary to carefully collect information about the product. Where to start?
1. Get acquainted with various types contraceptive drugs.
2. Compare all the pros and cons.
3. Define your goal - decide what you want to get from using oral contraceptives.

What you need to know for the right choice? Let's figure it out.

A woman should find information about drugs and their effect on the body. It should be borne in mind that birth control pills vary in parameters, degree of reliability and side effects.

Combined contraceptives usually contain two analogues of female sex hormones, so they come first in terms of reliability. Combined oral medications are used both to protect against pregnancy and to treat diseases and hormonal disorders. Women who choose hormonal birth control pills are still advised to consult with their doctor and undergo a hormonal test.

New contraceptives are the so-called “mini-pills”. They contain only one hormone - therefore the reliability of the drugs is 90%. Their advantage is the possibility of use during lactation, as well as by women who are intolerant to estrogen (part of COCs).

The next type of birth control pill is represented by emergency contraception. These tablets are not intended for long-term use, but are used immediately after sexual intercourse. The hormone content in them is very high, so these products can only be used once a month.

Currently, contraceptive drugs of the second to fifth generations have appeared on the market. These the latest drugs contain a small dose of hormones and have mild side effects. It should be understood that there are no good or bad contraceptives. There are products that are suitable or not suitable for a woman. Therefore, when selecting contraceptives, one should take into account individual characteristics the body of a particular woman.

When making your own selection, you must first determine the phenotype—the woman’s body type.

The following types of female phenotype are distinguished:
1. With a predominance of estrogens - estrogenic type.
2. With a balance of estrogens and gestagens - a balanced type.
3. With a predominance of gestagens and androgens - gestagenic type.

The phenotype is determined the following signs: general appearance, volume and condition of the mammary glands, skin type, nature of menstruation, duration of the menstrual cycle, presence of toxicosis during a previous pregnancy, woman’s body weight and tendency to be overweight.

A balanced phenotype is characterized by average indicators of these traits. In this case, it is recommended to take Marvelon, Triquilar, Microgynon, Triziston, Mercilon, Tri-Mercy, Regulon.

When the estrogen phenotype predominates, it is characterized by a very feminine appearance, very long menstrual cycle, very heavy menstrual and vaginal discharge, moderate fullness. It is advisable to take drugs such as Anteovin, Minulet, Norinil, Rigevidon, Miniziston.

When the gestagenic phenotype predominates, all the signs are less pronounced: unfeminine appearance, small volume of mammary glands, scanty periods, short duration of the menstrual cycle, oily skin. The following remedies are effective: Bisekurin, Chloe, Non-ovlon, Yarina, Ovidon, Jess, Janine, Klayra, Diane, Midiana, Belara.

No matter how carefully the choice is made, it still happens that the drug is not suitable. Ideal method selection has not yet been invented. Often you have to act by trial and error, but sometimes this is inevitable, because every woman’s body is unique.

It has been proven that the criterion good choice contraception is the absence of menstruation for three months - i.e. adaptation period. Then this drug can be taken long time.

Non-hormonal birth control pills

Along with hormonal contraceptives, non-hormonal birth control pills appeared at one time. Today there is a rise in the popularity of these funds, which is explained by some of the features of their action.

The fact is that the use of non-hormonal birth control pills is not contraindicated for women immediately after childbirth, nursing mothers, and women who cannot take hormones. And another important detail: no hormonal agents to prevent pregnancy, they not only have the ability to destroy sperm, but also contribute to the formation of a protective film on the vaginal mucosa and thickening of mucus in the cervical canal. Moreover, active substances - spermicides - reduce the speed of sperm movement, and the resulting mucus is a barrier to their penetration into the uterus. This is good protection against unwanted pregnancy. Non-hormonal contraceptive pills, which is important in our time, protect women from sexually transmitted infections, as they have both antiseptic and antimicrobial effects.

It follows from this that non-hormonal contraceptives can be used by many women different periods life. The use of tablets is a barrier chemical method of contraception. They are easy to use and do not interfere hormonal background, can be used in any reproductive age women, and are the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases.

Birth control pills Pharmatex

The most popular non-hormonal contraceptive currently is the drug Farmatex. Pharmatex is spermicidal, antiseptic and antimicrobial actions.

In addition to the contraceptive effect, Pharmatex birth control pills prevent the transmission of sexually transmitted infections and reduce the risk of their consequences: infertility, miscarriage, cervical diseases, tumors caused by HIV infection.

A huge advantage of using Pharmatex is that it in no way affects either hormonal levels or the vaginal microflora.

Pharmatex, like others, does not hormonal pills, affects such types of microorganisms as Trichomonas, gonococci, chlamydia, Candida fungi, herpes virus. Pharmatex acts locally, which does not cause side effects on organs and systems of the whole body.

Application vaginal tablets is more suitable for women postpartum period, during lactation and breastfeeding, after an abortion, with irregular sex life, when there is no permanent partner.

Directions for use
The manufacturer of the product usually includes instructions for use. Basically, non-hormonal vaginal tablets are inserted into the vagina to a sufficient depth 10 minutes before sexual intercourse. For more convenient administration of tablets and other dosage forms, a special applicator is included in the package of the medicine.

You need to know that before each subsequent sexual intercourse, and in the case of sexual intercourse that occurs later than two hours after the administration of the tablet, you must enter new pill. Of course, to a certain extent this is inconvenient, since a woman cannot afford to reintroduction pills after casual or unexpected sex. She needs to plan the timing of intercourse, which is unnatural.

The effect of the drug is believed to last from 40 minutes to several hours. But you need to remember that the use of vaginal tablets is not combined with water procedures before and after sexual intercourse using intimate hygiene products.

In some women, the drug may cause a burning sensation in the vagina. In this case, you should consult your doctor about continuing or discontinuing Pharmatex. The reliability of Pharmatex is 80-82%.

Contraceptive suppositories and creams

Although the reliability of vaginal contraceptives is less high compared to hormonal contraceptives, they continue to gain popularity ratings. An unwanted pregnancy can only lead to misuse these funds.

In addition to tablets, manufacturers suggest using other dosage forms: suppositories, creams, ointments. The active substance in the suppositories is either nonoxynol or benzalkonium chloride.

Pharmatex is also available in various forms: as vaginal suppositories, tampons, creams, capsules.

Advantages of using contraceptive suppositories
Contraceptive suppositories are easy to use, easily inserted into the vagina, and have minor side effects. Another advantage of using non-hormonal vaginal suppositories is the effect of additional lubrication. They are especially suitable for partners who have problems with natural lubrication and dryness in the genitals.

Vaginal suppositories protect a woman from sexually transmitted infections and are indispensable for casual sexual intercourse, infrequent sexual intercourse, or in the absence of a permanent partner.
Disadvantages of using contraceptive suppositories
Vaginal contraceptive suppositories can affect the microflora of the vagina, since in addition to the active substance they contain acids. Burning and itching, allergic rashes that occur when using suppositories are indications for their discontinuation.

Dosing
Vaginal suppositories. The suppository is inserted into the vagina 10 minutes before sexual intercourse. The drug is effective for 4 hours.

Vaginal tampon. The tampon is taken out of the package and inserted into the vagina using a finger, right up to the cervix. The protection effect occurs immediately and lasts 24 hours. The tampon does not need to be changed during this period, which is very convenient. The tampon does not change even if there are several sexual intercourses that follow each other during the day. The tampon is removed no earlier than 2 hours after the last sexual intercourse, but no later than 24 hours after its first insertion into the vagina.

Vaginal cream. It is inserted into the vagina using a special syringe. The device should be filled to the mark without the formation of air bubbles. Then slowly insert into the vagina before sexual intercourse. The introduction is made lying down. The effect of the product begins immediately and lasts about 10 hours. Before repeated sexual intercourse, it is necessary to re-administer a portion of the cream.

Popular drugs: Pharmatex, Nonoxynol, Patentex Oval, Contraceptin T.

Birth control pills after intercourse

One method that prevents unplanned pregnancy is called emergency contraception. This is the only protection emergency situations: rape, forced sexual intercourse and mental states associated with them. Emergency contraception is also used during unprotected sexual intercourse, as post-coital protection against possible pregnancy.

Sometimes this method is simply called: emergency, fire, emergency contraception, contraception the morning after. But it is still correct to call it emergency, since this method is used in emergency situations.

Emergency contraception aims to prevent pregnancy at the following stages: ovulation, fertilization and consolidation of the fertilized egg in the endometrium (the inner layer of the uterine mucosa).

• in emergency situations involving violent acts on the part of a partner, as well as when the integrity of the condom is broken or a woman misses taking a contraceptive pill;
• with rare sexual contacts;
• at unprotected sex when no contraceptive methods were used.

Contraindications for this method the same as for taking other birth control pills, namely:

• thrombosis and thromboembolism (even in history);
• liver diseases with a high degree of failure;
• kidney diseases;
• oncological diseases.

For this method can be used hormonal drugs containing estrogens, combined hormonal contraceptives, as well as drugs containing gestagens and intrauterine devices.

Estrogens for emergency contraception in lately are not used so often because they contain high doses of hormones, which leads to side effects - nausea and vomiting.

Combined contraceptive pills are used within 72 hours after sexual intercourse, twice, with a break of 12 hours. You can use any drug from this group.

Most known drug for emergency contraception in Russia is Postinor. It is recommended to take it twice, one tablet at a time. The first tablet is taken no later than 72 hours after sexual intercourse, the second - 12 hours after the first.

The second emergency contraceptive drug, Escapelle, is taken once within 96 hours after sexual intercourse.

Combined oral contraceptives are taken daily for 21 days. Then a break of 7 days is taken, and the next package of the drug begins. The course starts with active tablet.

"Mini-pills" are taken without interruption. Immediately after finishing the package, the next one begins.

Break in reception

It is recommended to take birth control pills for a long time, but you should see a gynecologist once a year. If the doctor does not determine any contraindications to taking your usual medications, then you can safely continue taking them.

Menstruation upon admission

When taking COCs, your periods may stop if you take them for a long time. When using other oral contraceptives, periods may become scanty and last a shorter time.

If you have been taking contraceptives regularly, without omissions or breaks, but your periods have stopped, then you need to continue taking them.

But if the intake was irregular, you should suspect the onset of pregnancy, immediately stop using the contraceptive and contact a gynecologist to identify it.

Menstruation after cancellation

Menstruation returns completely within one to two months after stopping birth control pills. According to experts, approximately 80% of women have a planned pregnancy. If your periods have not returned within six months, you should consult a doctor.

Bleeding when taken

After starting to take the pills, a woman may experience spotting. You should not interrupt the course for this reason. The spotting disappears as you continue taking it.

Whenever heavy bleeding You should consult your doctor.

Is it possible to get pregnant while taking birth control pills?

Pregnancy can occur only if the contraceptive regimen is violated. If the delay in taking the pill is more than 12 hours, the effectiveness of the contraceptive effect is weakened.

Another situation is when a woman vomits when taking it. Then you need to take the next pill, since the first one is not absorbed. If vomiting occurs repeatedly, it is better to switch to another type of medication. The same steps should be taken for loose stools.

The reliability of contraceptives may decrease when taking other medications - for example, antibiotics, St. John's wort infusions, etc. In this case, the use of an additional method of contraception is recommended.

How long can you take the pills?

Unfortunately, fear of hormonal drugs among Russian women is passed on from generation to generation. Women ask a lot of questions and try to find answers to them.

If you believe scientists, fifth-generation contraceptives have already appeared in Russia, having an insignificant side effect. But the number of questions is not decreasing.

Is it possible to take birth control pills continuously for more than a year?

In the absence of side effects of the drugs taken by the woman, as well as medical contraindications To take them, it is allowed to take contraceptives for quite a long time, even several years. Changing pills to others, or taking breaks in taking them, is not useful, but on the contrary, harmful. The body adjusts to one type of pill; switching to other contraceptives forces it to work in a different rhythm. Research by scientists has proven that breaks do not affect the incidence of complications or the development of subsequent pregnancies.

Pregnancy after stopping birth control pills

Calculations confirm that pregnancy can occur immediately after stopping birth control pills, or after a short period of time. Interestingly, after discontinuation, the likelihood of pregnancy increases several times. Doctors use this circumstance in the treatment of infertility.

Is it possible to stop taking birth control pills?

A woman has the right to stop taking contraceptives whenever she wishes.

Which is better: birth control pills or the IUD?

Women often ask: “Isn’t it better to introduce intrauterine device, why take pills?" Again, the same fear of hormones makes you think about canceling combined oral medications. It must be taken into account that the spiral is foreign body in the uterine cavity, which can cause inflammation. Tablets are more reliable and safe.

The best birth control pills

We have already said that it is impossible to determine the best pills for a particular woman. Every woman should choose the pills that are suitable only for her. Currently, fifth-generation drugs have appeared, and side effects such as obesity and infertility are a thing of the past. Modern contraceptives contain minimal doses of hormones and have virtually no side effects. We will try to give short descriptions of some drugs.

Jess

Jess contraceptive pills are a new, practical solution for preventing unwanted pregnancy for young women. This drug contains small doses of estrogen - 20 mcg, and progestogen drospirenone - 3 mg, which reduces the risk of vascular complications. The tablets are well tolerated and do not cause negative influence on the gastrointestinal tract.

This product belongs to fourth generation contraceptive drugs.

It is recommended to use the drug for a long time. The package contains 28 tablets. Take the tablets daily, preferably at the same time. Start taking Jess on the first day menstrual bleeding, then drink continuously.

Jess is a novelty in medicine. The popularity of the drug is growing. Jess provides reliable protection, controls the menstrual cycle, is used to treat symptoms of premenstrual syndrome, acne, and has a beneficial effect on hair and nails. At the same time, the weight of women using Jess remains stable. The period of adaptation to the contraceptive is 1-2 months.

It’s not for nothing that Jess is called the contraceptive of the twenty-first century.

Novinet

The action of the new contraceptive Novinet is based on blocking ovulation and the production of luteinizing hormone. This makes it possible to delay the movement of sperm into the uterus by increasing the viscosity of the mucus in the cervical canal.

The drug has minimal side effects, does not cause pain during menstruation, and does not affect a woman’s weight gain.

When taking Novinet, nausea, rarely vomiting, partial hair loss, and headaches may occur.

Novinet is taken 1 tablet daily for 21 days. The break is 7 days, on the eighth day a new package is started.

Breastfeeding women can start taking the drug three weeks after giving birth. It should be remembered that Novinet dramatically increases the amount of breast milk.

Reviews about Novinet are mostly positive.

Janine

Janine refers to monophasic low-dose contraceptives. Contraceptive effect The drug is caused by a combination of three actions: inhibition of ovulation, increased viscosity of cervical secretions and changes in the endometrium in terms of preventing the introduction of sperm.

The active ingredients are dienogest and ethinyl estradiol.

Janine take 1 tablet per day for three weeks. Then they take a break for a week, after which the course is repeated.

Reviews about Janine prove a truly pronounced contraceptive effect.

Regulon

Regulon is a combined oral contraceptive. Active substances - 0.03 mg ethinyl estradiol and 0.15 mg desogestrel. Regulon acts similarly to the previous drug.

Regulon helps with menstrual disorders, uterine bleeding.

Reviews about Regulon
Women who took this drug, note the quality of the drug and its reliability. Regulon acts much more gently than other drugs. It was often recommended by doctors for use by teenagers and young girls. At long-term use does not cause side effects, reliably protects against unwanted pregnancy and does not contribute to weight gain.

Women who have used it for medicinal purposes speak positively about Regulon. The drug helps with heavy uterine bleeding vaginal discharge, improves the quality and appearance of hair, nails and skin.

Yarina

The drug Yarina is also popular in Russia. This is an effective new generation oral contraceptive. The active substances are drospirenone and ethinyl estradiol.

The drug is well tolerated and has minor side effects. During administration, the woman’s weight remains unchanged, there is no nausea or vomiting, and the therapeutic effect is pronounced - reduction premenstrual symptoms, symptoms of seborrhea, acne.

Women taking Yarina noted the high reliability of the drug, as well as improved mood, restoration of libido, and normalization of the menstrual cycle.

Minimum cost monthly intake of the drug in Russia fluctuates around 600 rubles.

Logest

Logest is a modern new generation contraceptive. It contains a minimal amount of hormones. In addition to a persistent contraceptive effect, it has a therapeutic and prophylactic effect on the course of female cancer, which is an advantage of the drug.

The effect of the drug is based on inhibition of ovulation, increasing the viscosity of the secretion, which impedes the movement of sperm and prevents implantation of the egg in the uterus.

Taking the pills starts on the first day of the menstrual cycle. Take 1 tablet daily for 21 days. Then they take a week break, after which the course is repeated.

When the drug is discontinued, the body's ability to conceive is completely restored.

The price of the drug ranges from 330 to 450 rubles per package.

Claira

Quite recently, new birth control pills Klaira appeared in our country. Qlaira is the first fifth generation contraceptive, the latest and highest quality contraceptive.

Qlaira is a natural oral contraceptive. For the first time, the composition of a combined hormonal contraceptive preparation did not include ethinyl estradiol as an active substance. It was successfully replaced by the softer and safer hormone estradiolavalerate, which is a hormone with a natural formula. This hormone has been well studied and is used mainly to treat symptoms of menopause.

To enhance contraceptive functions, scientists added the active substance dienogest to estradiol valeriat, which also solved the problem of intermenstrual bleeding.

The procedure for taking the drug has also been changed. It has a unique dynamic dosing mode. Qlaira is a four-phase hormonal drug. The package contains two placebo tablets, that is, they do not contain the active ingredient, and 26 active tablets with different doses of the active substance. Doses of estrogen when taken are gradually reduced, and doses of gestagen are increased. This dosage regimen increases the effectiveness of the drug several times.

On modern stage development of contraception, the drug Qlaira is revolutionary, providing a high degree of protection and treatment of female diseases.

Despite a very large selection of birth control pills, the percentage of abortions remains high in our country. Women do not have sufficient information about drugs and experience panic fear before using hormonal drugs, not allowing the idea that safe and reliable contraceptives have appeared at the present stage. New generation birth control pills containing reduced doses active substances, can help women plan a pregnancy without the risk of complications and abortions.

Before use, you should consult a specialist.

Such a delicate topic as taking oral contraceptives should definitely be discussed with a gynecologist. But if you have questions and have absolutely no one to ask, then we will try to answer them.

There are many rumors and myths around hormonal contraception, which are so scary that they quickly begin to be discussed by girls and women in a narrow friendly circle. But their validity remains questionable, since they are invented by the same women who have no knowledge of gynecology. So that you no longer have doubts, let's dispel these fears and concerns.

Indications for use

Oral contraceptives were invented in the 50s of the twentieth century, and 10 years later, after numerous studies, they were approved for use by women. These were the first pills that became an alternative to other means of birth control, but soon women began to experience other side effects.

Today contraceptives not only protect against pregnancy, but also cure some gynecological and dermatological diseases.

Indications for taking OK include:

• restoration of hormonal levels after childbirth or abortion;
• normalization of the menstrual cycle;
• women suffering from anemia;
• endometriosis;
• fibrocystic mastopathy;
• with painful periods;
• with PMS;
• ovarian cyst;
• acne;
• alopecia.

Depending on the composition, hormonal contraceptives can lower testosterone in the blood, as a result of which acne and acne disappear, hair loss stops, and the figure becomes more feminine.

What are oral contraceptives?

All birth control pills are divided into 3 groups, each of which is suitable for its age and health condition. They are divided into microdose (20-25 mcg estradiol), low-dose (30-35 mcg estradiol) and high-dose (40-50 mcg estradiol).

Types of OK and their purpose:

1. Microdosed. Suitable for young girls, women who have not yet given birth, and people over 35 years old.
2. Low dosage. Prescribed to women who have given birth, as well as to girls in whom microdosed OCs caused bleeding.
3. Highly dosed. Prescribed for serious hormonal disorders and only in extreme cases.

Estradiol or its derivatives is the active component of each type of birth control pill. And the therapeutic effect of the drug depends on what the auxiliary hormone is. Drospirenone, dienogest, chlormadinone acetate, cyproterone acetate and levomefolate have antiandrogenic properties, that is, they suppress the production of male hormones.

Side effects

Since birth control pills are medicine, they not only have the desired effect, but also cause some side effects. In most cases, they appear extremely rarely, but women with sensitive bodies should be more careful.

Side effects OK:

• feeling of nausea and dizziness;
• frequent mood swings, moodiness and irritability;
• decreased sexual desire;
• migraines;
• loss of strength;
• swelling and pain in the chest;
• spotting.

Typically, these symptoms appear in the first three months of taking OCs, and after the body gets used to the new condition, they disappear. If you experience discomfort for a long time, your spotting does not go away, your head often hurts and you feel dizzy, then OK is not suitable for you and you will have to change it.

Contraindications

Also, hormonal contraceptives have a number of contraindications, without taking them into account, you will only worsen your health condition. Be sure to tell your doctor your medical history and any problems that concern you. at the moment so that he can adequately assess the situation and prescribe the correct OC.

Contraindications for use:

• the presence of malignant tumors;
• dysfunction of the liver and kidneys;
• vascular diseases;
• pregnancy;
• hypertension;
• frequent headaches;
• bleeding of unknown cause;
• thrombosis;
• the period before and one month after the operation;
• prolonged immobility;
• breastfeeding period.

If you decide to take birth control pills, then, in order to avoid complications, get rid of the smoking habit, as there is a risk of vegetative-vascular dystonia. It is also worth further consulting with your doctor if you are overweight or have diabetes.

How to choose the right oral contraceptives

When choosing OK, many girls are guided by two principles: price and reviews from girlfriends. This is a fundamentally wrong decision. Since everyone’s body is different and does not have the same level of certain hormones. To choose the right drug, you need to undergo tests and identify the overall picture of the state of the body and hormonal levels. Based on this, the doctor will prescribe the best option.

It is also worth taking into account your wishes and complaints. Acne, hair growing in unnecessary places, baldness on the head and others cosmetic problems can be solved with the help of birth control pills, if they are chosen correctly. Many people are prescribed hormonal medications in extreme cases of these problems.

But tests taken and an experienced doctor will not give you a guarantee that the body will accept interference in its hormonal levels. If you are watching strong manifestation side effects, it is better to change the drug. For example, with continuous bleeding, the level of estradiol needs to be increased. Constant headaches and high blood pressure, on the contrary, indicate that the remedy is too “strong” for you.

Today, all birth control pills are available in convenient packages with a calendar printed on them and the days of the week indicated. Therefore, it is difficult to confuse anything. On the first day of your period, you start with a pill that says start above it and then go around in a circle until you take all 21 pills. Drink them at the same time, it’s best to set yourself a reminder on your phone so you don’t miss the next dose. This should be followed by a seven-day break.

For the convenience of women, some manufacturers also produce placebos along with active tablets. There are 7 pieces in a package and they are designed to be taken during a break. That is, when the package contains not 21, but 28 tablets, then the next pack should be started after the end of the previous one, without making a weekly skip.

On the second and third days of the cycle, you can also start taking pills, but they will not give quick effect, and for some time you will have to take additional protection. You cannot start taking it some time before your period; you must wait until it arrives. This can only be done if you have already drunk at least 2 packs of OK.

Menstruation during the period of taking hormonal contraceptives occurs on the same day, that is, the cycle is exactly 28 days. If you have been drinking them for a long time, you can postpone your period. When you don't want them to start, just don't take a break. But you shouldn’t abuse it.

When does the effect of OK occur?

If you start taking pills on the first day of menstruation, then use protection additional methods You can stop the next day. If this happened later, you need to wait another week.

Many girls, especially those who are not yet familiar with this method of protection against unwanted pregnancy, are afraid that it will not be effective. Today this is the most reliable method, which gives a guarantee in 99 percent of cases, but only on the condition that you took the pills correctly.

What happens if you forget to take a pill?

Some girls are inattentive and forget to take the next dose of hormones, but remember about it only a few hours later. If this happens, follow the instructions included with the tablets. If more than 12 hours have passed, you need to urgently take a contraceptive and use additional methods of protection for a week.

If this time has not yet expired, then the pill should be taken as soon as possible, but there is no need to worry about a decrease in the effectiveness of the drug. Diarrhea or vomiting several hours after swallowing the pill may affect the effectiveness of the OC, so it is better to take the next pill out of sequence.

It's true that birth control pills make you fat

The myth that hormonal contraception leads to rapid weight gain is based on real facts. The first tablets released contained large dose estradiol and could cause this side effect. They also led to accelerated body hair growth and other unpleasant manifestations.

Modern drugs contain tens of times less hormones than they did half a century ago, so they cannot affect metabolic processes in the body and are absolutely safe for your figure.

It is worth talking separately about such a property of OK as getting rid of acne. Today, many doctors consider hormonal contraceptives an effective way to combat them, especially in adolescence, when appearance is very important. This method is safe if you choose the right drug. These should be microdosed OCs with an antiandrogenic effect.

Do not be alarmed if the problem only gets worse in the first month of taking it, as the body gets used to the intervention of synthetic hormones. This side effect should soon go away, and the skin will clear up, become smooth and beautiful.

Does hormonal contraception cause infertility?

Many people believe that if you interfere with the body’s functioning, it will malfunction and will not be able to perform its functions independently. But, in the case of birth control pills, this will not happen.

While we are taking them, the ovaries “rest”, and after completing the course they completely restore their functions in 1-2 months. During this period, they become very active, which, on the contrary, promotes rapid conception.

Is it possible to stop drinking OK?

If something does not suit you or you have found an alternative to this method, you can stop taking the drug after finishing 21 active tablets. It is strictly not recommended to do this in the middle of the pack and is only possible under strict indications.

When you do not drink the full course, it occurs hormonal imbalance what is severe stress for the body. You will not only make yourself feel worse, but also provoke some diseases.

The decision to start taking OK is a responsible step. Therefore, remember that hormonal drugs cannot be prescribed to yourself, but only after consultation with a gynecologist. Also pay attention to contraindications to avoid health problems. If there are no obstacles to starting treatment, then you can safely try this safe and reliable method of contraception.

Video: 4 important questions about the choice and duration of treatment

How not to gain weight from hormonal drugs that the doctor prescribes to treat the disease? After all, some illnesses can be cured only with hormonal drugs. Some patients refuse to take such medications, allegedly explaining this as weight gain. Actually this is not true.

Hormones are quite common medicine. What many people think is the only way to use contraceptives is not true at all. Hormones are prescribed for the following health problems:

• irregular menstruation;
• disruption thyroid gland;
• early menopause associated with improper diets, anorexia, etc.;
• diseases of women reproductive organs(hypofunction of the ovaries, reduction of the uterus, etc.);
• periods that are very painful (involving the lumbar region, lower abdomen, causing dizziness or loss of consciousness);
• recovery after childbirth;
• skin problems (acne, pimples);
• heavy hair growth on the skin.

These are common cases various diseases when you simply cannot do without taking hormonal drugs. To avoid the problem of weight gain, you need to carefully monitor your condition and well-being. If uncharacteristic changes appear, you should consult your doctor.

If, based on the tests, the doctor decides to prescribe hormonal drugs, there is no need to refuse them. And although female body may respond to this technique differently, the treatment will still give results.

Careful observation of the state of the body will tell you what to do next.

You can work up the courage to endure, for example, a headache or be upset about weight gain, and at the same time stubbornly take pill after pill. But you don't need to do this. Such symptoms indicate that this drug is simply not suitable. This means you need to consult your doctor, who will select another medicine.

In any case, the hormonal drug should not have side effects. Among them, the most common are the appearance extra pounds, painful menstruation, migraine, swelling.

If even one of them occurs, the drug must be changed and the one that is suitable must be looked for. But the treatment must be completed.

Myths about hormones

Many patients refuse to take hormonal medications. This happens because they have false information about the drugs, thinking that they can help them get better.

The media spread myths about hormones, including the following:

• Hormones have only negative effects on the body. This is not true because the effects of these substances are the same as those of many other drugs. All drugs, as a rule, have.
• You should only take medications that someone around you has already taken and recommended. In this case, an acquaintance is a unique example of the fact that hormones do not improve. This cannot be done, because hormonal drugs are prescribed only by a doctor based on tests.

• Hormones can make you fat very quickly. This statement is only half true. Hormones can affect appetite in different ways. For some, it will increase, and then, indeed, weight gain is possible. And for some, on the contrary, it decreases, and then there will be no extra pounds. You can find out how the drug will affect the body only after taking the medication.
• The hormonal drug is not excreted from the body. This is also not true. Once in the body, the medicine begins to disintegrate after a short period of time and is then completely eliminated. For example, the daily use of contraceptives is due precisely to this circumstance.
• Hormones can be replaced with a regular drug. It is impossible, since some diseases associated with changes in hormonal levels in the body can only be cured this way.

Lack of awareness on this issue is the reason why these myths appear. Therefore, you should not self-medicate with hormones and refuse such drugs when prescribed by a doctor.

Instructions for the use of hormones

The use of hormonal drugs, especially oral contraceptives, without consulting a doctor risks causing women to gain weight. There may not be such side effects if a specialist selects the product.

The tests performed and careful monitoring of the patient will not produce such side effects. Therefore, if it is appointed hormonal treatment, compliance following rules will tell you how to avoid gaining weight and maintain normal weight:

• Hormonal medications should be taken 30 minutes before meals. This is explained by the fact that after taking it, appetite increases, which is satisfied while eating.
• Products with high content carbohydrates should be excluded from daily diet, since hormones will ensure complete absorption of carbohydrates, and patients gain weight.

• If hormonal contraceptives are prescribed, then it is necessary to establish regular sexual intercourse. Sperm containing male sex hormones will eliminate side effect contraceptives that have high dose female hormones. They are what lead to excess body weight.
• It is necessary to lead active image life so that the muscles do not weaken. Exercise will increase muscle mass, and it will quickly process the fat entering the body. Good also fasting days. They can be done up to twice a week. At this time, you can eat fruits, vegetables, and dairy products.
• The high-dose hormonal drug prednisolone and others like it are the names that make you fat. There is no need to limit yourself in food at this time. You can follow a diet only when treating thyroid problems with hormones and when taking oral contraceptives.

These tips will reduce the risk of gaining excess weight during treatment.

Rules for losing weight while taking hormones

Modern medicine offers various hormonal medications, the use of which will not lead to weight gain. During treatment, it is necessary to closely monitor all changes in the body.

If this happens, consultation with a doctor is necessary. He will also advise how to behave correctly during the appointment:

• it is necessary to control weight daily;
• monitor your diet, carefully select dishes depending on calorie content;
• introduce regular exercise into your lifestyle;
• if you want to eat, you can snack on an apple or drink a glass of kefir;
• carefully monitor your water balance, as excess water can also cause excess weight.

Compliance with these simple rules will allow you to keep your weight normal, and this is also the key to success in curing diseases.

Food requirements

Following a diet and limiting the intake of certain foods will also help maintain normal weight or minimally reduce the gained kilograms.

To do this, you need to pay attention to the following points:

• exclude fatty foods, since it is a source of fat deposits in the body;
• reduce salt consumption, because it retains water, and this also adds extra pounds;
• limit the consumption of snacks, chips, nuts, crackers; there are a lot of fats, dyes, preservatives that lead to obesity;
• flour and baked goods (pastries, buns, cakes) are a source of extra pounds not only for those taking hormones;

• eating sweets (candy, chocolate, ice cream) increases blood glucose levels;
• consuming legumes (beans, peas) will lead to bloating, which will disrupt digestion and result in extra pounds;
• Potatoes are banned because they contain starch, which increases body weight;
• carbonated drinks will also be superfluous in the diet, leading not only to extra pounds, but also to cellulite.

And we also need to remember beneficial influence on the body of green, herbal and diuretic teas. They help break down fat deposits and remove excess water from the body.

Hormonal medications are not a death sentence for your figure. No need to think about overweight. Today medicine offers many drugs. If one doesn't fit, then another will. And the disease can be defeated.

References

1. Guide to endocrinology. - M.: Medicine, 2017. - 506 p.
2. Akmaev I. G. Structural basis of the mechanisms of hypothalamic regulation of endocrine functions, - M.: Nauka, 1979. - 227 pp.
3. Novikova E.Ch., Ladodo K.S., Brenz M.Ya. Nutrition for children. - M.: Norma, 2002.
4. Berezov T.T., Korovkin B.F., Biological chemistry// Nomenclature and classification of hormones. - 1998. - p.250-251, 271-272.

No. Hormonal drugs are drugs obtained synthetically. They act similar to natural hormones produced in our body. There are many organs in the human body that secrete hormones: female and male genital organs, endocrine glands, central nervous system and others. Accordingly, hormonal drugs can be different, and they are prescribed for a wide variety of diseases.

Female hormonal preparations (contain female sex hormones) may have both contraceptive effect, never possess it. Sometimes, on the contrary, they normalize hormonal levels and promote pregnancy. Preparations containing male sex hormones are prescribed to men when the quality of the ejaculate decreases (that is, sperm motility), hypofunction, or a decrease in the level of male sex hormones.

Myth 2: Hormones are prescribed only for very severe illnesses

No. There are a number of mild diseases for which hormonal drugs are also prescribed. For example, decreased thyroid function (hypofunction). Doctors often prescribe hormones in this case, for example, thyroxine or euthyrox.

Myth 3: If you don’t take a hormonal pill on time, nothing bad will happen

No. Hormonal medications must be taken strictly according to the clock. For example, a hormonal birth control pill is valid for 24 hours. Accordingly, you must drink it once a day. There are medications that you need to take 2 times a day. These are some male sex hormones, as well as corticosteroids (for example, dexamethasone). Moreover, it is recommended to take hormones at the same time of day. If you take hormones irregularly, or forget to take them altogether, the level necessary hormone may drop sharply.

For example, if a woman forgot to take a hormonal contraceptive pill, the next day she should take the forgotten evening pill in the morning, and the next pill in the evening of the same day. If the interval between doses is more than a day (remember: a hormonal birth control pill is valid for 24 hours), then the level of hormones in the blood will decrease very significantly. In response to this, slight bleeding will certainly appear. In such cases, you can continue taking birth control pills, but use additional protection for the next week. If more than 3 days have already passed, you need to stop taking hormones, use other contraceptives, wait until your menstruation arrives and additionally consult a doctor.

Myth 4: If you take hormones, they accumulate in the body

No. When a hormone enters the body, it immediately breaks down into chemical compounds, which are then excreted from the body. For example, a birth control pill breaks down and leaves the body within 24 hours: that is why it needs to be taken every 24 hours.

Need to know: The mechanism of prolonged action of hormones is not associated with their accumulation in the body. This is simply the principle of action of these drugs: to “work” through other structures of the body.

However, hormonal drugs continue to “work” after they are no longer taken. But they influence indirectly. For example, a woman takes hormonal pills for several months, then stops taking them, and in the future she has no problems with her cycle.

Why is this happening? Hormonal medications act on different target organs. For example, female contraceptive pills affect the ovaries, uterus, mammary glands, and parts of the brain. When the pill “leaves” from the body, the mechanism that it started continues to work.

Myth 5: Hormonal medications are not prescribed during pregnancy

Discharged. If a woman had hormonal disorders before pregnancy, then during pregnancy she needs medicinal support so that the production of female and male hormones is normal and the child develops normally.

Or another situation. Before the woman became pregnant, everything was fine, but when she got pregnant, something suddenly went wrong. For example, she suddenly notices that intense hair growth has begun from the navel down and around the nipples. In this case, you should definitely consult a doctor who can prescribe hormonal examination, and, if necessary, prescribe hormones. Not necessarily female sex hormones - these could be, for example, adrenal hormones.

Myth 6: Hormonal drugs have a lot of side effects, primarily weight gain

There are practically no medications without side effects. But it is necessary to distinguish between side effects that do not require discontinuation of the drug. For example, swelling of the mammary glands when taking contraceptive hormones is considered normal. Scanty bleeding in the first or second months of use during the intermenstrual period also has the right to occur. Headache, dizziness, weight fluctuations (plus or minus 2 kg) - all this is not a pathology or a sign of a disease. Hormonal drugs are prescribed for a fairly long period. By the end of the first month, the body adapts and everything returns to normal.

But so that it doesn't really happen serious problems associated, say, with blood vessels, before prescribing a medicine and while taking it, it is imperative to be examined and tested. And only a doctor can prescribe you a specific hormonal drug that will not harm your health.

Myth 7: There is always an alternative to hormones

Not always. There are situations when hormonal drugs are irreplaceable. Let's say a woman under 50 has had her ovaries removed. As a result, she begins to age and lose health very quickly. In this case, her body must be supported with hormone therapy until she is 55-60 years old. Of course, provided that her underlying disease (due to which the ovaries were removed) has no contraindications to such a prescription.

Moreover, for some diseases, even a neuropsychiatrist can strictly recommend female sex hormones. For example, with depression.