Women and girls should always have discharge - this is a natural state of the vaginal mucosa. Moreover, thanks to the discharge, the vagina independently cleanses itself of various bacteria, dead cells, menstrual blood, mucus. Most often, natural discharge is colorless, but sometimes the appearance of white discharge in girls and women can raise the question of whether this is normal or whether it is pathological, indicating some kind of disease.

When is white discharge considered normal?

Often, white discharge in girls is somewhat more abundant than in women of reproductive age, middle age, or women during menopause. This is explained by the fact that in girls the hormonal levels are just forming and beginning to stabilize, while in middle-aged women this process is already completed and is more permanent. Normally, both in girls and in women before menopause, the vagina has a slightly acidic environment due to the presence of lactobacilli, which form lactic acid. This environment is detrimental to pathogenic microorganisms, it is unfavorable for the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria. So, what kind of discharge can be considered normal?

Why does the girl have white discharge with a sour smell?

White mucous discharge in girls and women is usually called leucorrhea. They are natural product vital activity of the body, since the cells covering the walls of the vagina are constantly being renewed. Dead cells are constantly sloughed off and mixed with mucus. In addition, leucorrhoea also contains discharge from the cervix, so physiologically during ovulation the amount of discharge from the cervix increases, it becomes more stretchy and mucous. Therefore, it is normal if the discharge is transparent or white, but nothing more woman Doesn't bother me, no burning sensation, no pain.

However, if white discharge appears with sour smell, while itching or discomfort are either significant or only bother you periodically; this may be a symptom of vaginal candidiasis. a lot - these include hormonal changes, disruptions, taking hormonal contraceptives, during pregnancy very often there is thrush, poor hygiene, abuse of flavored and antibacterial agents intimate hygiene, color toilet paper, taking antibiotics, stressful situations, climate change, dietary errors - sugar abuse, diets, synthetic underwear, douching too often ()

What discharge may indicate a disease?

With a decrease in local or general immunity, with poor hygiene, taking antibiotics, with hormonal imbalances, opportunistic organisms that are normally found in the vagina without causing harm can begin to multiply and lead to inflammatory process. If a girl has the following type of discharge, this is a symptom of any diseases or disorders and requires examination and thorough examination at the gynecologist:

• Very abundant, white, thick, cheesy discharge in girls. If the discharge resembles cottage cheese, and the woman experiences itching and burning in the vagina, especially while sitting cross-legged, this is a bright sign for girls. Moreover, thrush or vaginal candidiasis does not depend on whether the girl is leading sex life or not.
• Foamy, copious discharge- more than 1 teaspoon per day.
• Discharge of any pronounced color - brown discharge, yellow, green or other noticeable shades.
• Unpleasant odor - putrid odor, sour, onion odor and others.
• Any suspicious discharge, especially in combination with itching, dryness or discomfort during sexual intercourse, redness of the external genitalia, pain in the lower abdomen (on one side or both sides just below the navel), increased body temperature or constant pain during and after sexual intercourse.

If leucorrhoea begins to change color, smell, quantity, and irritation and discomfort appear in the genital area, this is considered pathological changes and discharge, and the cause of its appearance should be determined. Also, discharge can be different in origin, that is, it can come from different departments female reproductive system. The classification of discharge by origin is as follows:

• Pipe leucorrhoea- appear during inflammation fallopian tubes, while fluid accumulates in the tubes, which first enters the uterus, then exits through the cervix into the vagina.
• Vaginal leucorrhoea- these are the most harmless discharges, when in case of inflammatory diseases of the vagina, various white, yellow discharges appear, most often with an unpleasant odor - this can be trichomoniasis, gardnerellosis, thrush, etc.
• Cervical leucorrhoea- appear with inflammation of the cervix (cervicitis) of any etiology. The cause may be mycoplasmosis, chlamydia, ureaplasmosis, gonorrhea, etc.
• Uterine leucorrhoea- with endometritis of any etiology. In this case, the inflammatory exudate flows through the cervical canal into the vagina and mixes with vaginal secretions.

Is it possible to determine the disease by the color of the discharge?

Unfortunately, there may be over 100 reasons that cause changes in the color and nature of discharge, based on external description discharge, not a single gynecologist without laboratory diagnostics cannot make a diagnosis. Theoretically, only abundant, strong whites curd discharge in girls and women there can be an unmistakable diagnosis of vaginal candidiasis. However, thrush is often combined with other sexually transmitted infections, so only smear tests and bacterial culture, as well as tests for STIs, can establish the real reason changes in a woman's discharge. The color of the discharge can only give a little hint in which direction the research should be carried out more thoroughly:

• Transparent leucorrhoea, foaming may be .
• Gray shade whiter with a characteristic fishy odor, most often occurs with gardnerellosis,.
• Greenish discharge- discharge with such a shade indicates a purulent process, since large number leukocytes impart to secretions green. The stronger the inflammatory process, the more leukocytes, and, accordingly, the more green tint the discharge has.
• Yellow discharge- this may be one of the symptoms of trichomoniasis, since inflammation in trichomoniasis is most often localized in the vagina, where the concentration of leukocytes is lower.
• Discharge in girls white- can either be a symptom of thrush or be the norm. Since when mild degree vaginal candidiasis, there may not be significant itching and burning, only occasionally and insignificantly, therefore, when more abundant, too white, thick, cheesy discharge, you should visit a gynecologist and find out whether it is thrush or not.

However, one should not unequivocally regard the color of the leucorrhoea as a diagnosis of the disease; only tests can determine accurate diagnosis with pathological discharge.

When should you see a doctor if you have white discharge?

If a girl or woman has no more than a teaspoon of white discharge per day and is not accompanied by other unpleasant symptoms, then there is no need to worry. However, if the discharge becomes very abundant, curdled, foamy, thick, appears, changes color to yellow, green, gray, any unpleasant odor appears, especially if any of the above is accompanied by itching, burning, pain, even mild pain, low-grade fever- this is a reason to see a doctor:

• First, the gynecologist performs an examination on the chair. In the mirrors you can see the walls of the vagina and the cervix - what condition they are in, whether they are inflamed or not, whether there are pathological discharges from the cervix and what they are.
• In some cases, the doctor may perform a colposcopy to exclude or confirm cervical dysplasia or erosion.
• If an STI is suspected, in addition to the usual smear for flora and culture, the gynecologist may refer you for a smear test using the PCR method.
• If the patient complains of pain, disturbances menstrual cycle etc., if inflammatory diseases of the uterine appendages or the uterus itself are suspected, a transvaginal ultrasound is indicated, which can help in establishing the full clinical picture.

Mucous droplets secreted from the female genital organs are called leucorrhoea. The presence of such a disease indicates possible problems in the field of gynecology and other diseases. By appearance Leucorrhoea resembles drops of egg white that sometimes appear on women's underwear.

The reason for the appearance of drops may be the approach of the menstrual cycle or anemia. If you have such problems, then you can not worry and continue to do your business. In such cases, doctors recommend limiting physical activity, increasing the consumption of vegetables and fruits, and making your diet more complete and balanced.

Leucorrhoea that often appears on your underwear is the first alarm bell for your health. The disease must be treated to prevent the possibility of more complex diseases. One of the methods for treating leucorrhoea is increased nutrition. This is the most easy way treatment of leucorrhoea and if it does not help, you need to start more serious treatment using douching with astringent solutions. In any case, consultation with a specialist is simply necessary.

It’s bad when leucorrhoea is red or yellow in color. This alarming symptoms, which cannot be left without control and treatment. The whiter color is the first and main feature the presence of inflammation, which can develop with cancer, fibroma, sarcoma and other serious diseases.

Signs of Healthy Vaginal Discharge

The amount of normal vaginal discharge and its consistency may vary depending on the phase of the menstrual cycle and the woman's condition. Vaginal secretions increase in certain time the menstrual cycle (around the middle of the cycle, at the time of ovulation), during breastfeeding, or during sexual arousal. Increased amount of vaginal discharge in healthy women can be observed due to stress, due to changes climatic conditions or taking certain medications (such as hormonal contraceptives). Distinguish normal discharge possible based on the following criteria:

• They are liquid, transparent (mucus, jelly-like);
• The amount of discharge is insignificant;
• No noticeable odor;
• They do not irritate the skin and mucous membranes of the genital organs and are not accompanied by any symptoms of the disease (itching, temperature, pain, discomfort in the genital area).

An increase in the amount of vaginal discharge (more abundant and thin) is observed during pregnancy and gradually increases towards the end of pregnancy. The intensification of vaginal discharge in pregnant women is explained by an increase in the concentration of sex hormones during this period. An increase in secretion, an abnormal odor or change in consistency, or pain, itching, or burning that accompanies vaginal discharge may be signs of infection or other more serious conditions.

Leucorrhoea - excessive or unusual in nature (smell, color, consistency, quantity) discharge (profuse milky-white, yellow-green, bloody, liquid or thick, smelling, etc.), causing itching, burning and constant feeling of wetness.

Pathological vaginal discharge - leucorrhoea - can be very diverse in color (red-bloody, brown, gray, black, whitish, greenish, yellowish, pink), consistency (jelly-like, curdled, foamy) with or without odor. Leucorrhoea may be accompanied by other symptoms (itching, irritation, pain) or may be the only symptom diseases.

Unlike leucorrhoea, physiological vaginal discharge is not abundant and light. Usually they do not cause irritation to the skin and mucous membrane of the genital organs, their number increases slightly before menstruation, during pregnancy and the postpartum period, and in girls - during puberty. Total quantity The secretion that accumulates in the vagina during the day does not normally exceed 1 ml and is not felt.

Symptoms of leucorrhoea

Every woman has genital discharge. They usually become larger before the menstrual cycle begins and become much smaller after the menstrual cycle ends. The secretion of leucorrhoea increases during puberty, during pregnancy and after it. These discharges are considered quite normal occurrence. In the case where a woman does not belong to any of the described categories, her leucorrhoea should not exceed 1 ml per day.

Need to pay special attention in cases where:

• strong secretion of mucus with an unpleasant odor and opaque color;
• copious discharge with a certain color;
• copious watery discharge.

All discharge is accompanied by burning or itching and a feeling of discomfort. Presence on underwear purulent discharge means that there is an infection in the body and an inflammatory process is already underway. Treatment must be started immediately so that the inflammatory process does not develop into a serious gynecological disease. The development of a tumor is indicated by the presence of red colored leucorrhoea.

Causes of leucorrhoea

Beli is one of the most common symptoms gynecological diseases, associated with a quantitative or qualitative change in the secretion of the genital organs. Causes of discharge: inflammatory processes, infections, injuries, tumors various localizations. The nature of leucorrhoea is determined by its origin (tubal, uterine and vaginal leucorrhoea is liquid, cervical leucorrhoea is mucous). An admixture of pus usually indicates an inflammatory process, and blood - the development of a tumor.

Leucorrhoea often appears with various gynecological (for example, adnexitis, vaginitis, colpitis) and other diseases. Abnormal discharge may occur when the vaginal walls prolapse, perineal ruptures, douching with concentrated antiseptic solutions, long-term use of chemicals contraception, with congestion in the pelvic organs caused by constipation and a sedentary lifestyle, violation of personal hygiene rules.

Pathological discharge from the female genital organs - characteristic symptom diseases of the reproductive system or general diseases of the body.

• Bacterial vaginosis;
• Cervical cancer;
• Chlamydia;
• Human genital warts (HPV);
• Menopause;
• Inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs;
• Vaginal bleeding;
• Vaginitis;
• Cervical erosion;
• Candidiasis (thrush);
• Urogenital trichomoniasis;
• Vaginal cancer;
• Allergic reactions;
• Cervical polyps;
• Cervicitis;
• Atrophic vaginitis;
• Foreign body (for example, you forgot a tampon);
• Hormonal changes.

Tentatively, leucorrhoea may indicate the nature of the pathological process, for example:

• yellow, yellow-green discharge occurs with gonorrhea;
• liquid yellow, foamy - with trichomoniasis;
• white, crumbly - with thrush.

Most common reasons secretion disorders are inflammatory diseases of the genital organs, tumors of the genital organs, foreign bodies in the vagina, mustache intrauterine devices, contraceptive caps, pessaries, venereal diseases, sexual dysfunction, interrupted coitus, masturbation, diabetes mellitus, diseases cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract, urinary tract, cystitis, urethritis, long-term use chemical contraception, sedentary lifestyle life, causing congestion in the pelvic organs, non-compliance with the rules of personal hygiene, especially hygiene of the genital organs, etc. Leucorrhoea, regardless of the individual reaction to them, negatively affects nervous system women, lead to maceration of oozing, decreased libido, and sometimes to infertility.

Changes in the color, clarity, consistency, or odor of vaginal discharge may indicate the presence of certain diseases or conditions.

Treatment of leucorrhoea

Treatment of leucorrhoea is carried out only as part of the treatment of the underlying disease. Symptomatic approach, that is, affecting only external manifestation diseases, which are leucorrhoea, is a dangerous decision. Often women do not visit a doctor and use it on the advice of friends or from personal experience local remedies that can eliminate leucorrhoea. First of all, these are all kinds of candles, which contain many components. Sometimes local treatment is quite acceptable and brings the desired result, and sometimes, on the contrary, it simply suppresses the symptoms of the disease for a while, allowing it to progress.

For example, if cervical dysplasia exists, the use of local treatment, which eliminates leucorrhoea, can do a disservice when a woman postpones a visit to the gynecologist. This way you can miss, for example, the malignant transformation of dysplasia. It is better to adhere to the rule: the appearance of leucorrhoea in an unusually large amount or with a changed color is always a reason to visit a doctor.

Treating leucorrhoea at home

To treat vaginal discharge, use decoctions and tinctures prepared from medicinal herbs. For a week, you need to douche every day at room temperature with a decoction of calendula and celandine. For the decoction, take a tablespoon of herbs and pour 2 tbsp. boiling water. Leave the broth to steep for an hour. After regular douching, the result of excellent cleansing of the body is achieved. It is good to use this decoction in the treatment of colpitis.

A wonderful decoction obtained from oak bark, yarrow, sage and rosemary leaves give an equally weak effect in the treatment of leucorrhoea. Prepare 3 liters of water in a saucepan and add 40 g of oak bark and 20 g of other herbs. Boil the broth for 10 minutes. Leave aside to cool. Strain and douche twice a day.

Herbal decoction for treating leucorrhoea

Regular rinsing of the vagina with prepared water can help with this disease. with my own hands decoction of herbs. Washing should be done in the morning and evening. For the decoction you will need oak bark, lungwort root, rose petals and chamomile flowers according to Art. l. You also need 2 tbsp. l. mistletoe and St. John's wort herb. Add 6 tbsp water to the herbs. and on fire for 20 minutes. Let cool and strain. Rinse with the cooled broth.

Calendula flowers for treating leucorrhoea

A wonderful remedy for treating leucorrhoea should be prepared from calendula flowers (2 tbsp.) and a bottle of vodka. Place calendula flowers in a bottle of vodka and leave for 14 days away from direct contact. sun rays. You can put the bottle in the nightstand. The product needs to be shaken every two days. Strain the tincture and keep it in the cupboard. For douching and compresses, add seven parts of water to one part of the tincture. For internal use During menopause or frequent headaches, you need to drink just a teaspoon of tincture before meals.

Herbs for treating leucorrhoea

You need to buy the following herbs: nettle, urban gravilat, common mantle, horsetail and mistletoe leaves. Take 2 tsp. all herbs and grind. Mix thoroughly. At 2 tbsp. 2 tbsp of water is enough. l. collection In the evening, pour boiling water over the herb and leave overnight. Strain and consume 100 ml before morning, lunch and evening. At the same time, you can use chamomile infusion for douching. For half a glass hot water you need to take 2 tbsp. l. daisies.

An excellent treatment option is homemade tampons. Place parsley seeds in three-layer gauze and make a tampon. Place a tampon in a glass of alcohol, and then leave for 24 hours olive oil. When the tampon is infused, you can use it.

Do not forget to take a bath with pine needles for a complete treatment. In the bath with hot water add pine needles. Pharmacies sell an extract made from pine needles. Add to the complex a mandatory visit to the bathhouse every three days. These recommendations must be followed to successful treatment whiter.

Prevention

Prevention consists of observing hygiene measures, carrying out preventive examinations for the purpose early detection diseases of the reproductive system, timely and adequate treatment common diseases body.

If you are concerned about the unusual nature of discharge from the genital tract - the amount of leucorrhoea, its color, smell, consistency, etc. - you should not try to solve the problem by increasing the number of gaskets or intimate means hygiene is, to say the least, naive. Leucorrhoea is a reason to visit a gynecologist and conduct a full laboratory diagnosis.

A woman's reproductive system is a well-oiled mechanism. It is inherent hormonal fluctuations throughout the entire childbearing age. The full functioning of the body is always accompanied by the release of secretions from the vagina. It can change its consistency, structure, volume and composition. Every lady should know and be able to distinguish when creamy ones are the norm, and in which cases they indicate a pathological process.

The nature of the secretion in different phases of the cycle

What are discharges? which is continuously produced in the genital tract. It consists of mucus epithelial cells and bacteria living in the vagina. Normally they are representatives of lactoflora, and in various disorders they are pathogenic microbes. Disruption of the existing balance is considered the main prerequisite for the development of inflammation.

The qualitative composition of the discharge may vary depending on the phase female cycle. Its beginning is considered to be the first day of menstruation. From the end of menstruation until the 12th day of the cycle, a woman can observe scanty discharge. They often have a slimy consistency and their color varies from almost transparent to pale yellow. The smell is either completely absent or slightly sour. Before menstruation, the volume of secretion always increases.

On the 14th day, the amount of discharge increases. Such changes are caused by the period of ovulation - the time when the egg matures. During this and the next few days, a woman’s body creates favorable conditions for pregnancy. In a humid environment, it is easier for sperm to reach their ultimate goal. From about day 16, a creamy white discharge appears. The light shade of the secretion is given by dead elements of the vaginal epithelium.

What should be considered normal?

White creamy ones are considered normal. Doctors also identify other signs that help distinguish them from the pathological form:

1. Slight cloudiness.
2. A yellowish tint that is clearly visible on a sanitary pad.
3. No burning or itching in the vaginal area.

Before ovulation, the secretion acquires a mucous consistency. Such changes are caused by an increase in estrogen levels. These hormones are responsible for increasing secretion vaginal mucus. Some time after the follicle leaves the egg, it changes again, becoming thicker. At the same time, its quantity decreases. Closer to menstruation, the volume of secretion increases again. Such changes are characteristic of a healthy menstrual cycle.

White creamy discharge before period

The secretion before the onset of menstruation becomes quite abundant. Gynecologists explain this phenomenon by a decrease in the amount of hormones in the body. On the other hand, excessive secretion often indicates health problems. Therefore, a woman must be able to distinguish pathology from the norm.

In the first case, creamy discharge is accompanied by a sour odor, itching and burning in the genital area. Sometimes blood streaks in the mucus signal pathology. If these symptoms appear, you should consult a gynecologist. It's better not to put off your visit.

How do discharge change after ovulation?

The white, creamy spots on the panty liner may be different from those before the follicle released the egg. Mucus after ovulation becomes thick and viscous, which indicates the active “work” of progesterone in corpus luteum. It usually forms at the site of a previously burst follicle. Vaginal secretion is very similar to the discharge that accompanies pregnancy. After successful fertilization of the egg, they are produced under the influence of the same progesterone. However, in this case, its concentration is much higher than before the baby was conceived.

The amount of secretion gradually increases and reaches its critical point at approximately the 16th week of pregnancy. This sign is often scary, but the test results usually put everything in its place. If a woman is healthy, the white blood cell count should not exceed 20. Values ​​from 20 to 40 are also normal. Exceeding these indicators indicates the onset of inflammation in the body.

Thick vaginal secretion is a harbinger of disease

White creamy ones often indicate pathological processes in the body. The prevalence of this symptom is approximately 35% and can sometimes reach 95%.

All reasons for changing the nature of the secret can be divided into several conditional categories:

• Inflammatory pathologies of the intimate area.
• Violation hormonal levels.
• Consequences of long-term antibiotic therapy.
• Frequent douching.
• Use of intrauterine devices.
• Development of malignant neoplasms.
• Traumatic processes affecting the cervix.

Also, the reason for the change in the nature of the secretion is wearing uncomfortable underwear. Sometimes a similar symptom occurs due to the use of aggressive soap, which contains a large number of chemicals. That is why doctors recommend that women use special gels and products intended for intimate hygiene.

The reasons for the appearance of creamy discharge greatly depend on the age of the woman. IN menopause they can be caused by atrophic vaginitis, and in childbearing years - inflammation of the intimate area.

TO infectious processes diseases that cause creamy white discharge include diseases such as:

• bacterial vaginosis;
• trichomoniasis;
• thrush;
• gonococcal cervicitis.

Focus exclusively on clinical symptoms diseases are wrong. In this case, without qualified assistance A gynecologist is simply indispensable.

Curdled secretion during the development of thrush

White creamy discharge, itching in the vaginal area - these are the symptoms in 70% of cases that indicate thrush. This disease is caused by fungi of the genus Candidae. These microorganisms are considered conditionally pathogenic, since they constantly live on the mucous membranes of the genital organs. The acidic environment created in the vagina by lactobacilli and bifidobacteria does not allow them to reproduce. However, under the influence of certain factors, the balance is disrupted. Among them are:

• decreased immunity;
• frequent change of sexual partners;
• colds;
• synthetic underwear;
• presence of sweets and confectionery in the diet;
• stress;
• avitaminosis;
• smoking.

In a short period of time, the discharge acquires a cheesy consistency and becomes abundant. A woman begins to be haunted by an unpleasant sour smell in her intimate area. Late afternoon clinical picture usually supplemented aching pain in the lower abdomen.

If left untreated, the disease becomes chronic form. The sour smell and discomfort gradually recede. Creamy white discharge appears, which is distinguished by its viscousness. It is during this period that the cervix becomes inflamed, which is confirmed by colposcopy.

When to see a doctor?

Any change in consistency or color vaginal secretion you should contact a gynecologist. After an examination on the chair, the specialist usually prescribes a series of tests. Based on their results, it is worth judging the presence of diseases. Based on bacterial culture, the gynecologist can determine the presence of pathogenic flora and estimate the number of leukocytes. In some cases, additional PCR tests, Ultrasound and colposcopy.

Principles of therapy

Diseases affecting oneself cannot be treated. Each problem associated with the appearance of creamy white discharge must be solved comprehensively and step by step. Treatment should be selected by a gynecologist, taking into account the cause of pathological disorders.

Therapy always begins with eliminating the source of the disease. For these purposes, antibacterial drugs are used in the form of pills or suppositories. With their help, you can quickly suppress the activity of opportunistic microorganisms.

At the next stage, the woman is prescribed measures to restore the natural flora of the vagina. They involve taking hormonal medications and using suppositories with lactic acid. In this case, the choice of specific drugs and treatment methods depends on the doctor.

After therapeutic procedures, it is extremely important to resume work immune system. Usually prescribed for preventive purposes vitamin complexes, physiotherapeutic procedures.

Prevention measures

White creamy ones are most often considered the norm. However, sometimes they are a symptom of a pathological process. Any gynecological disease always causes discomfort to a woman and requires proper therapy. To avoid such disorders, doctors recommend following basic rules of prevention.

1. Personal hygiene must be maintained. Water procedures It is recommended to do it twice a day.
2. When choosing underwear, preference should be given to options made from natural fabrics.
3. Gynecologists do not recommend daily use sanitary pads, since they practically do not allow air to pass through. As a result, favorable environment for the life of pathogenic microorganisms. If from panty liners There is no way to refuse, you need to change them more often.

For timely detection For gynecological diseases, it is extremely important to undergo regular examination by a female doctor.

Normally, a healthy woman produces a small amount of vaginal secretion every day. This is a mucous discharge that may vary in thickness.

It is formed due to the secretion of the glands of the vestibule of the vagina, cervix, and endometrium. Microorganisms that form the biocenosis of the vagina participate in the formation of fluid.

At certain periods of life, the amount vaginal discharge may increase. Sometimes they change color, consistency and smell, and become pathological.

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1. Why does the discharge change?

Vaginal discharge becomes more abundant under the influence of estrogen. This is clearly noticeable during ovulation, when there is more fluid, but it resembles clear, light mucus or egg white. This is normal.

Sexual arousal dilates blood vessels, increases blood flow to the pelvic organs. Some of the plasma sweats from the capillaries into the vagina. At the same time, the discharge becomes larger and more liquid. Sometimes an increase in secretion is noticed before the onset of menstruation.

During pregnancy, under the influence of hormones, the amount of discharge also increases; it can be white, creamy, viscous, but does not cause irritation and is not accompanied by itching and burning. There should be no inflammatory changes in the smears.

Pathological leucorrhoea has other characteristics:

1. 1 Color changes from transparent to white, sometimes with other shades.
2. 2 The consistency becomes viscous, liquid, foamy.
3. 3 The quantity increases in different proportions, sometimes there are a lot of them.
4. 4 A foreign odor may appear (pronounced sour, rotten).
5. 5 Based on the physical properties of leucorrhoea, it can be assumed which microorganism provoked the disease.

White discharge in women is observed more often than others. The main reasons for their occurrence are changes in hormonal levels (early pregnancy, ovulation, etc.), infection (cervicitis), erosion and ectopia of the cervix.

2. Candidiasis

This fungal infection is the most probable cause appearance of white discharge. Most often they resemble cottage cheese, thick and grainy, but can be slimy and viscous, odorless. Additional symptoms are itching and burning in the vagina and urethra.

3. Bacterial vaginosis

Grayish-white, viscous discharge, sometimes with a yellow tint, is observed with.

6. Ectopia and erosion of the cervix

These diseases are also often accompanied by copious light, transparent or white discharge; their amount naturally increases before menstruation, after sexual intercourse and during ovulation.

A woman often experiences intermenstrual bleeding and experiences slight bleeding after sex (additional trauma to the epithelium is accompanied by the appearance of brown and creamy discharge).

These pathologies require mandatory observation by a gynecologist, diagnosis and timely treatment(electrocoagulation, laser coagulation, cryodestruction or conization).

7. Additional signs

White discharge is not a single symptom of the disease. They are often accompanied by the following symptoms:

1. 1 Itching in the intimate area of ​​varying intensity. Sometimes it appears before copious discharge. With candidiasis and trichomoniasis, itching is observed more often than with bacterial vaginosis, mycoplasmosis.
2. 2 Swelling and redness are signs of an inflammatory reaction.
3. 3 Increased bleeding. In inflamed mucous membranes, vessels are easily damaged, slight bleeding appears after sexual intercourse, gynecological examination, and so on.
4. 4 The smell may also change. Normal female discharge odorless, less often with a slightly sour taste. With candidiasis, the sour smell becomes more pronounced and pungent. Gardnerellosis is accompanied by an unpleasant fishy odor. A sharp, heavy odor is observed with purulent inflammation (gonorrhea, trichomoniasis).

The appearance of white vaginal discharge may be accompanied by dyspareunia - painful sensations during sexual intercourse. They are also observed during examination. Pelvic pain occurs when the upper floor organs (the mucous membrane of the uterus, appendages) are involved in the inflammatory process.

Dysuric disorders mean involvement of the urethra and bladder(urethritis and cystitis).

A change in the nature of discharge due to a delay in menstruation may be the first sign of pregnancy.

8. Diagnostic methods

The described symptoms are the main reason for visiting a gynecologist. Before the inspection, he must find out:

1. 1 Time of appearance of leucorrhoea.
2. 2 Was this preceded by unprotected sexual intercourse, a change of partner, and so on.
3. 3 Intensity of discharge.
4. 4 Additional complaints (itching and burning, soreness, menstrual irregularities, frequent painful urination etc.)
5. 5 Presence of odor in intimate place and its intensification during hygiene procedures, after sex.
6. 6 Intensity of pelvic pain.
7. 7 Have you done any treatment yourself? This may impair diagnosis.

Then an examination is carried out on the chair. It is carried out even during menstruation. Girls with pathological discharge should be examined in the presence of parents. Girls who didn't have sexual relations, examined bimanually through the rectum. Examination of the vagina is performed without mirrors, so as not to damage the hymen.

During the examination, attention is paid to the condition of the mucous membrane, its swelling and hyperemia. White plaque may be tightly attached to the walls of the vagina, and when you try to separate it with a spatula, bleeding occurs. Such symptoms are characteristic of candidiasis.

The main stage of diagnosis is. This technique allows you to identify fungi, gardnerella, trichomonas, gonococci and prescribe suitable treatment. In some cases, bacterial culture and PCR diagnostics are required (complex real-time PCR, Femoflor test).

9. How can I treat it?

The correct treatment tactics depend on the causative agent of the infection:

1. 1 Vulvovaginal candidiasis should be treated with antifungal agents. If the vaginal opening is very itchy, you can eliminate the itching with local funds. Clotrimazole, Pimafucin, Miconazole, Butoconazole suppositories are most often used to treat thrush. Fluconazole (Difluzon, Diflucan, Flucostat) can be used internally.
2. 2 Bacterial vaginosis must be treated with antibacterial drugs. Metronidazole (Trichopol), Tinidazole are effective. They are used in tablet form (orally, orally) or vaginal form(gel, vaginal suppositories, capsules).
3. 3 For trichomoniasis, Metronidazole, Ornidazole, Tinidazole are prescribed. Both sexual partners should undergo treatment. Trichomonas vaginitis often becomes chronic and then recurs. Therefore, the effectiveness of treatment must be confirmed using PCR 30 days after the end of the course.
4. 4 For chlamydia and mycoplasmosis, the most effective are macrolides (Josamycin, Azithromycin) and Doxycycline (Unidox Solutab, course - 1 week).
5. 5 Vaginitis and cervicitis caused by opportunistic bacteria are treated with vaginal suppositories, gels containing antibiotics wide range(Poliginax, Terzhinan, Clindamycin) and antiseptics (Hexicon, Fluomizin, Betadine). Average duration course - 7-10 days.

After a course of antibiotics and antimycotics, it is recommended to restore the balance of the vaginal microflora. In case of recurrent candidiasis, it is necessary to isolate a culture of fungi, determine their sensitivity to drugs, look for the cause of decreased immunity and eliminate it.

Leucorrhoea in women is white mucus, secreted from the genitals.

The composition and amount of secretions depend on hormonal levels, on concomitant diseases.

Normally, women have almost no discharge.

What is it

Leucorrhoea is very similar to liquid egg white.
In some cases they indicate the presence of a disease, but this is not always the case.

The appearance of discharge indicates cleansing of the mucous membrane of the reproductive system.

Women may notice discharge on their underwear. Sometimes this is caused by anemia or they occur on the eve of menstruation. Then there is no reason to worry. You just have to stick with it proper nutrition, take blood tests for hemoglobin.

However, if they appear too often, then you need to consult a gynecologist.

When pathology occurs, a change in secretions occurs:

• color changes
• there is an unpleasant odor,
• itching, irritation of the genital organs occurs,
• I am worried about pain in the lower abdomen.

Causes

Leucorrhoea in most cases is a symptom of gynecological diseases. Their color and smell depend on quantitative and qualitative modifications of the secretion of the genital organs.

Causes of discharge pathological nature are:

• inflammatory processes;
• infections;
• damage to certain areas or organs;
• tumors;
• gynecological diseases such as colpitis, vaginitis, adnexitis;
• vaginal prolapse;
• sedentary lifestyle;
• constipation;
• lack of personal hygiene;
• improper healing of genital lacerations;
• douching with high concentration antiseptics;
• taking hormonal drugs.

Pus present in the leucorrhoea indicates the presence of infection, and blood - in most cases, the development of tumor tumors.

In healthy women, there are almost no visible leucorrhoea, since the vagina not only secretes it, but also immediately absorbs it back.

Second phase processes

U more women experience discharge a couple of days before the start of their menstrual cycle. Leucorrhoea happens different colors, consistencies, which sometimes depends on individual characteristics every woman.

The following discharges are considered normal:

• white,
• transparent,
• yellowish,
• having a creamy, smearing or mucous consistency.

If the discharge has acquired a brownish tint, then there is no need to worry, it just contains a small amount of blood.
Leucorrhoea that foams and has a strong unpleasant odor is considered pathological.

Pathological and physiological

Leucorrhoea is divided into several types:

• vaginal;
• cervical;
• uterine;
• pipe;
• vestibular;
• physiological;
• pathological.

Physiological leucorrhoea is considered normal. The discharge itself light shades, not abundant. Closer to the menstrual period, their number increases. Physiological leucorrhoea does not cause irritation of the mucous membranes and skin.

Pathological leucorrhoea is very profuse, having unusual colors, consistency. They are too liquid, the color ranges from greenish to brown, and have a nauseating odor. They can irritate the skin and mucous membranes of the genital organs, causing itching and burning sensations.

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Species

Vaginal leucorrhoea appears as a result of the release of blood cells from the capillaries into the vagina.

This can lead to:

• thermal,
• chemical,
• mechanical factors.

The first two depend on each other - they mean douching with either hot solutions or highly concentrated solutions chemical substance. The last factor implies damage to the epithelium due to external interference.

Discharge also occurs due to bacteria that irritate the vaginal wall.

Cervical leucorrhoea occurs due to improper functioning of the glands located on the cervix. An increase in secretion production occurs due to the occurrence of general or gynecological diseases. The discharge may contain pus or blood, depending on the type of infection. They are often characteristic of tumors and cervical cancer.

Uterine leucorrhoea appears as a result of new formations on the organ. Often, discharge is a symptom of fibroids and uterine cancer. With the latter option, the discharge looks like meat slop. In other cases, they are quite watery and green in color.

Discharge of the type of tubal leucorrhoea is considered symptoms of the occurrence of inflammatory reactions on the fallopian tubes.

The purulent fluid accumulates first in the uterine tube, then moves into the uterus, and from there into the vagina itself.

It has a bright yellow color, very liquid, sometimes mixed with blood. Sometimes they serve as symptoms of fallopian tube cancer.
Vestibular leucorrhoea is a consequence of increased secretion from the glands of the vulva.

Treatment

Treatment of leucorrhoea in women requires a careful approach.

It is divided into two types:

• medicinal,
• surgical.

Treatment depends on the cause of the leucorrhoea.

A general drug therapy, which consists of taking tablets, powders and capsules, intravenous and intramuscular injections.

As a local treatment, experts may suggest douching to help cleanse the vagina. This is done using a rubber bulb with a hole at one end.

Douching and baths should not be hot, as this can cause complications.

Solutions are selected carefully so as not to aggravate the current situation.
You can use vaginal suppositories.

Suppositories inserted into the vagina contain medicines, they dissolve quite slowly.
The doctor may decide to do vaginal baths.

The essence of the procedure is that a certain amount of medicinal solution and leave the liquid there for a quarter of an hour.

Instead of suppositories, tampons soaked in with a special drug, which, once in the vagina, begins to actively act.

Surgical treatment of the cause of leucorrhoea in women is used only if a tumor is diagnosed or, as a result of examination, foreign bodies were noticed in the genital area.

Whites are not independent disease, but only a symptom, then treatment is aimed at eliminating the main cause of the disease.

Used to treat thrush antifungal drugs:

• Fluconazole,
• Clotrimazole.

Fluconazole is antifungal agent, available in capsule form. Loose food active substance no effect.

It should not be used by people with hypersensitivity To individual elements drug.

Available side effects, expressed in disturbances in the functioning of the stomach or the occurrence of allergic reactions in the form of a rash.
In more in rare cases other side effects are identified:

• headaches,
• dizziness,
• fatigue.

In case of an overdose of the drug, hallucinations and paranoid actions may occur.

After treatment with this drug, Clotrimazole suppositories are used. They are an antifungal agent.
An overdose of the drug can cause:

• anorexia,
• vomiting
• nausea,
• less often hallucinations and drowsiness.

Activated carbon can be used as an antidote.

Cannot be used during the menstrual period.

You should not self-medicate; this can only worsen the situation and lead to serious consequences.

You should take care of it carefully so as not to suffer from leucorrhoea of ​​an incomprehensible nature. By paying attention to changes in the body and comparing them with the symptoms of the disease, you can significantly facilitate the doctors’ task and complete treatment faster. It is easier to prevent a disease than to treat it.

Help from folk remedies

Treatment of leucorrhoea in women can be done using folk recipes.

If treatment is carried out regularly, then such recipes will cure the pathology:

1. Make a decoction of stone fruit leaves to help relieve symptoms. Drink instead of tea several times a day.
2. A decoction of medicinal lovage helps effectively. Pour 15 g of crushed root into a glass of boiling water, after 3-4 hours you can already take it. Drink a spoon three times a day.
3. Infusion from the herb white chrysanthemum. To prepare, you need to pour two tablespoons of dry crushed herbs with a glass of water, put on fire and bring to a boil. You need to drink three glasses a day. This infusion can be used for douching, just monitor the temperature, you need it to be warm.
4. Wormwood root helps a lot. Infuse two tablespoons of chopped herbs in a glass of boiling water. If you take it regularly three times a day, it will not only reduce the amount of leucorrhoea, but also remove painful sensations.
5. You should wash your vagina with this decoction twice a day. To prepare, you need to pour two tablespoons of mistletoe and St. John's wort into a large container, and one spoon each of crushed lungwort root, oak bark, chamomile, and rose petals. Add water and cook over low heat for about 15-20 minutes. It should be strained before use.
6. An infusion of calendula flowers has a good effect. Pour two tablespoons of crushed flowers into 0.5 liters of vodka and leave to steep for 1.5-2 weeks. You need to mix the infusion well every two days. Before use, strain and dilute at the rate of one spoonful of infusion to seven tablespoons of water. Make compresses or douching from it.
7. Grind the roots of the cinquefoil, pour two spoons with a glass of water and place on the stove. When it boils, reduce heat and simmer for 20-30 minutes. Then strain and drink half a glass a day.
8. The juice of barberry and viburnum can get rid of this problem. You need to drink 2 tablespoons a day.
9. Brewed peony roots or sweet clover give good results. First, they are poured with water at the rate of a spoonful per glass of water, then brought to a boil, filtered and drunk instead of tea.
10. Take a bath with infusion pine buds. To do this, pour 100 g of kidneys with 5 liters of boiling water, put on fire and cook for half an hour. Strain and pour into a bathtub with hot water.

Nutrition

As a preventive measure for such a pathology and as an addition to the main treatment, it is worth following a simple diet. The main goal is to restore health, strengthen the body’s protective function and normalize the microflora. The most important rule of such a diet is more useful substances and less junk food.

Therefore, you need to follow these rules:

• eat 4-5 times a day in small portions;
• drink plenty of fluids;
• do not eat fast food;
• limit the consumption of semi-finished products;
• completely avoid foods containing simple carbohydrates.

• dairy products;
• vegetables and fruits that are rich in vitamin C;
• eat boiled or steamed foods;
• eat a lot of grains.

If very abundant

The amount of leucorrhoea that is considered normal is 1 teaspoon per day. If the discharge is very heavy, you should immediately consult a doctor, this may indicate the presence of infections.

If leucorrhoea is very profuse, then this may indicate the beginning of an inflammatory process in the vagina. The cause is often poor personal hygiene, the presence of fungal infections, bacteria, or inflammation of the vagina.

Leucorrhoea and itching

Pathological leucorrhoea always differs from other types of such diseases. The main symptom is itching, burning, and a feeling of discomfort due to constant moisture in the perineum. Such leucorrhoea can be a result of poor personal hygiene, diabetes mellitus, colpitis or prolapse of the vagina. Quite often, leucorrhoea and itching occur due to the onset of an inflammatory process in the cervix.

Itching during discharge is considered quite common, especially if it is a fungal infection. Very often, such symptoms can be observed after infection with the Candida fungus, which causes a disease such as candidiasis.

Severe itching also occurs with thrush, in which the discharge is white and curdled. To treat such leucorrhoea, antifungal drugs are usually used, which help destroy the fungal breeding ground. There are tablets, suppositories and ointments.

When the itching is very severe and heavy discharge is noticeable, you should immediately consult a doctor. When this is not possible, you can use douching, which will slightly reduce the symptoms. For the solution you can use medicines what is being restored normal microflora vagina, or make a soda solution. But this method should not be used more than twice a day.

With bacterial vaginosis, thick or stretchy discharge of a grayish or greenish tint can be observed and severe itching. Quite often, women confuse vaginosis and thrush, but this various diseases, and they are treated with different drugs.

For bacterial vaginosis, treatment should be carried out in several stages. The first is to determine the type of bacteria that caused the onset of the disease. The second is treatment with antimicrobial drugs. The third is the beginning of recovery normal level lactobacilli.

Vaginal itching can occur due to:

1. Inflammation of the vaginal mucosa. This is the most common cause of itching and white, curd-like discharge.
2. Infections that are sexually transmitted.
3. The presence of tumors or inflammation in the uterus. But besides the itching and leucorrhoea, characteristic feature are frequent pains in the lower abdomen.
4. Having an allergic reaction to personal care products, or may be the result of food allergies for some dishes. For example, spicy fried foods, mushrooms, smoked meats.
5. Poor personal hygiene or use of soap that causes an alkaline reaction.
6. Wearing uncomfortable underwear.
7. Using douching, which disrupts the natural microflora of the vagina.
8. Beginning of menopause.

The reasons for such unpleasant symptoms maybe a lot. For example, taking antibiotics that kill lactobacilli. This leads to imbalance acidic environment and provokes the proliferation of bacteria, which lead to itching and discharge. To get rid of them you need to stop taking antibiotics or replace the drug with another one. But, this should be done only after consulting a doctor, so as not to aggravate the process.