Many serious illnesses cannot be cured quickly without antibiotics. To treat young patients with bronchitis, otitis media or intestinal infections, pediatricians often prescribe Amoxicillin. This is one of the commonly used antibiotics for sore throat. He has proven himself with positive side in the fight against pathogenic microorganisms. Possessing wide range action, the antibiotic inhibits reproduction bacterial cells and interferes with their life activity. A highly effective drug is inexpensive. The effectiveness of Amoxicillin in the fight against many diseases has been scientifically proven, but parents should not prescribe the drug to their children themselves.

Amoxicillin tablets 500 mg, 20 pcs.

Composition and release form of the antibiotic

The main substance that has pharmacological action, is amoxcillin trihydrate. Its amount in Amoxicillin varies depending on the form of release of the drug. Antibiotic contains auxiliary components. It is added:

• calcium stearate;
• lactose monohydrate;
• magnesium stearate;
• polysorbate;
• talc;
• starch.

The antibiotic is produced in several forms and dosages:

• powder intended for the preparation of injection solutions;
• powder from which a solution for infusion is prepared;
• coated tablets;
• soluble tablets;
• capsules;
• dry powder for preparing a suspension;
• ready suspension.

Medicinal properties of the drug

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An antibiotic is often prescribed for sore throats and other diseases of the ENT organs of a bacterial nature (we recommend reading:)

The drug perfectly fights infections in children and adults. Amoxicillin is classified as a semisynthetic penicillin and is an analogue of 4-hydroxyl ampicillin. It is effective in the fight against streptococci and staphylococci. Highly active against a number of aerobic gram-negative bacteria.

Doctors usually prescribe Amoxicillin to patients in tablet form. For the treatment of infants, suspensions for internal administration or solutions for infusion can be used.

Amoxicillin syrup has a pleasant taste and smell, so little patients take it with pleasure.

Indications for use

Possessing a bactericidal effect, the drug has a detrimental effect on infections in the treatment of a number of diseases:

• bronchitis;
• tonsillitis;
• pneumonia;
• otitis media;
• respiratory system infections;
• pyelonephritis;
• infections genitourinary system;
• urethritis;
• cystitis;
• infections gastrointestinal tract;
• skin and soft tissue infections;
• gonorrhea;
• leptospirosis;
• listeriosis;
• gastritis in the acute stage.

The drug has proven its effectiveness in the fight against all of the above ailments. Most patients leave positive reviews about Amoxicillin. The antibiotic described is often prescribed to patients with gastric ulcers and duodenum together with Metronidazole. During treatment, patients manage to overcome a bacterium called Helicobacter pylori and return to their normal lifestyle.

Amoxicillin for sore throat in children is relatively safe - for this reason, many pediatricians prefer to prescribe it to their young patients (we recommend reading:). If a child develops sinusitis due to the flu, then taking this antibiotic will help overcome the infection in the shortest possible time. This feature sets Amoxicillin apart from other semisynthetic antibiotics.

Contraindications

Since the drug belongs to penicillin group, then its reception may be accompanied by a number of side effects. It is strictly forbidden to give Amoxicillin to people who are allergic to penicillin and cephalosporin. It should also be avoided in patients with infectious mononucleosis, bronchial asthma and lymphocytic leukemia (see also:). An antibiotic can be harmful if the patient has acute infection Gastrointestinal tract, ARVI or hay fever.

Sometimes the doctor considers it advisable to take the drug to people who have a history of gastrointestinal bleeding, or the patient suffers from kidney or liver failure. Such patients should be constantly monitored by health care workers. In case of deterioration general condition the medication is stopped immediately.

Instructions for use and dosage

Amoxicillin is used for infectious diseases

Amoxicillin is prescribed to infants starting at 2 weeks of age. Its properties and effects on the body have been well studied, the risk of complications with correct intake and compliance with all doctor’s recommendations is kept to a minimum. However, its independent use when we're talking about about infants, unacceptable. Incorrect dosage can lead to severe consequences, so you need to read the instructions carefully.

It is recommended to take the antibiotic after meals. It starts working almost instantly. After 15-30 minutes, its concentration in the blood increases sharply, and after 8 hours the drug ceases to have therapeutic effect. It is recommended to split the daily dose of Amoxicillin for a child into several parts and give them at certain intervals.

How to give the suspension to a child?

To prepare a 250 mg suspension, you need to boil water and cool it to room temperature. Then you need to add liquid to the bottle with dry substance to the indicated mark. The container must be shaken thoroughly. The resulting suspension can be stored in the refrigerator for no more than two weeks, then any unused medicine should be thrown away. Before giving the drug to their baby, parents should read the instructions for use.

When prescribing Amoxicillin for children, a pediatrician must indicate it exact dosage. It is calculated based on body weight, age and severity of the disease. Child with associated pathologies needs adjustment of the doses indicated in the instructions.

Typically, children under 2 years of age are prescribed 20 mg per 1 kg of the child’s body weight. The suspension should be taken three times a day. For older children, it is recommended to give an average of 250-500 mg of medication twice a day. Children over 12 years of age and adolescents are prescribed Amoxicillin for sore throat in the form of tablets or capsules.

Parents of children should understand that it is necessary to drink the entire course of antibiotics prescribed by the doctor. Under no circumstances should treatment be interrupted, even if the child is recovering.

Dosage of tablets for children

As therapy for children exposed to infectious infections, antibiotics are prescribed in tablets, capsules, ready suspension or granules for infusion. The dose of the active substance may vary greatly: 125, 200, 250, 400 or 500 mg. What dose will be optimal and how long it is necessary to take the drug is decided by the attending physician. First of all, it is based on the severity of the disease.

At medium degree The recommended dosage is 30-60 mg of medication per kilogram of the baby’s body weight. If the disease is severe, the dose is increased to 100 mg. According to the description, the table shows the average doses of the drug prescribed for the treatment of children of different ages and adults exposed to infectious diseases:

Side effects and overdose

Any of the drugs existing on the pharmacological market has a number of contraindications, and Amoxicillin is no exception. Taking it can provoke:

• nausea and vomiting;
• stomatitis and erosion of the mucous membranes of the mouth;
• dizziness;
• headaches;
• sleep disturbance;
• tachycardia;
• joint pain;
• allergies;
• dysbacteriosis;
• eosinophilia;
• Sometimes convulsions appear.

Long-term use of Amoxicillin can cause nausea and vomiting

Avoid negative consequences will help proper nutrition and walks on fresh air. It is also necessary to maintain an optimal drinking regime so that a sufficient amount of urine is produced during the day. If the patient suffers from diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, then it is better for him to use the drug in the form of granules for the preparation of injection solutions.

If the patient has been taking Amoxicillin for a long time, then he should start taking antifungal drugs. At high doses ah medications, patients must periodically donate blood and urine for analysis.

Side effects from taking Amoxicillin occur quite rarely. If a person weak immunity or the dose of the drug is exceeded, the likelihood of their occurrence increases significantly. Patients with an overdose should undergo gastric lavage, give activated carbon and seek medical attention immediately.

Analogues of the drug

Cheap analogue- Amosin powder

Today, pharmacy chains are ready to offer their customers dozens of medicines with a mechanism of action similar to Amoxicillin. Most analogues contain Amoxicillin. There are also medications with complex composition. Regardless of which drug is chosen for treatment, its dosage and duration of use are prescribed by the doctor.

Name	Average cost	Description
Amosin	50 rub.	Has a detrimental effect on microorganisms. One of the cheapest analogues of Amoxicillin.
Ospamox	200-350 rub.	Belongs to the group of semisynthetic penicillins. Used to combat pathogenic microorganisms sensitive to amoxicillin. Can be given to children from 3 years old.
Flemoxin Salutab (more details in the article:)	200-350 rub.	Lozenges allow you to minimize complications from the gastrointestinal tract. Resistant to gastric juice.
Hiconcil	200-300 rub.	Has several various forms release. The active ingredient is amoxicillin.
Cefix	250-500 rub.	Active against a number pathogenic bacteria. Often used in pediatrics.
Enterofuril (we recommend reading:)	250-300 rub.	Suitable for babies of the first year of life. Prescribed to children older than 1 month.

A baby's illness is a difficult test for every mother, especially when it comes to taking antibiotics. Often in doctor's prescriptions you can find a medicine such as Amoxicillin. This is a well-known and inexpensive antibacterial drug with good reviews. It is widely used in pediatric practice and has proven itself to be an effective and safe remedy for children. This review of Amoxicillin will cover everything important points its use.

Amosillin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic.

Characteristics of the drug

Amoxicillin - antibiotic penicillin series with a wide range antimicrobial action. The product is available in various pharmaceutical companies: Biopreparat, Bryntsalov-A, Biokhimik (Russia), Bayer AG (Germany), J B Chemicals & Pharmaceuticals Ltd. (USA).

The drug is active against the main pathogens:

• (angina);
• frontal sinusitis, sinusitis and other inflammations of the ENT organs;
• bronchitis;
• nonspecific pneumonia;
• kidney infections;
• gastritis associated with H. Pylori;
• endocarditis;
• skin and soft tissue infections.

The mechanism of action of the drug is based on the suppression of the synthesis of structural components cell wall microbes (bactericidal effect).

Most often the drug is prescribed for acute diseases cold type, with bacterial infection.

Amoxicillin for children and adults has been used for a long time and is a first-line drug, therefore lately Many bacteria resistant to it have emerged. This is due to the appearance of the beta-lactamase enzyme in them, which can block the action of the antibiotic.

Amoxicillin is available in the form of tablets (250, 500 mg) and granules for suspension (125 mg/5 ml, 250 mg/5 ml).

Amoxicillin is also the name of the active chemical substance, which is part of several dozen similar drugs, including the one of the same name, which we are considering today.

When do doctors prescribe an antibiotic?

Acute respiratory infections- the most common reason for visiting a pediatrician. Of course, a sore throat and cough do not always require a prescription. Often these symptoms, even in combination with high temperature are caused by viruses and require only nonspecific treatment (bed rest, drinking plenty of fluids And ).

But there are times when antibiotics cannot be avoided. Amoxicillin may be prescribed:

• with symptoms of bacterial tonsillitis (including purulent and lacunar);
• with an unfavorable auscultatory picture (the doctor listens to large-bubble or fine-bubble rales in the lungs);
• with symptoms of pneumonia (severe intoxication, fever, pain in chest, weakened breathing in a segment or lobe of the lung) - as a rule, children are sent for inpatient treatment;
• in the event of a deterioration in the condition of a patient with a viral infection and the addition of bacterial inflammation: fever and other symptoms of intoxication persist for 72 hours or more.

If your child is allergic to an antibiotic, stop taking the medicine and consult a doctor.

Olga's review:

“This winter my son was constantly sick. A couple of times it was not possible without antibiotics. The doctor prescribed Amoxicillin in suspension, we liked the effect.

The dosage is simple: we are 4 years old, so I gave ½ tsp. 250 mg/5 ml suspension for 5 days. Already on the first day of admission, the temperature subsided in the evening, although before that it was 39-39.5 degrees, and the child fell asleep. The doctor warned that it is imperative to complete the treatment that has been started, even if the fever and other symptoms of intoxication have gone away.”

Attention! The decision to prescribe an antibiotic to a child should be made only by a doctor, after assessing all indicators of the baby’s condition.

Why suspension?

Amoxicillin suspension is a convenient and safe form of medication intended specifically for childhood. The suspension can be taken with three months (for younger children - under strict medical supervision). The dosage of the drug is selected individually depending on the weight of the child.

The suspension has good taste, and it will not be difficult for parents to measure the exact amount of medicine.

Children 5-10 years old can be prescribed both suspension and tablets with a dosage of 250 mg. For schoolchildren over 10 years old, 500 mg tablets are recommended.

The suspension is prepared by adding chilled water to the vial. boiled water and thorough shaking. The granules should completely dissolve. Before each use of the suspension, the bottle must be shaken.

Take Amoxicillin regardless of food intake. The shelf life of the diluted suspension is no more than two weeks.

The dosage and frequency of use of the drug is carried out according to the instructions for use ().

Depending on the dosage, Amoxicillin suspensions are marked with the numbers 125 (250)/5 ml. This means that 5 milliliters of the resulting suspension contains 125 (250) mg of active substance.

Examples of calculating daily and single doses:

1. Olya is 3 months old and weighs 5 kg. Mom bought Amoxicillin suspension labeled 125 mg/5 ml. We calculate the daily dose (DD) using the formula 20 mg/kg: 20 × 5 kg = 100 mg.

   We calculate a single dose (SD) using the formula SD/3: 100 mg / 3 = 33 mg.

   We calculate the volume required for single dose suspensions: in 5 ml (1 tsp) - 125 mg; in X ml - 33 mg. We make the simplest proportion: 33 × 5 / 125 = 1.3 ml, i.e. approximately ¼ teaspoon.

   Thus, mother needs to give Olya ¼ tsp. medications 3 times a day for 5-7 days (according to the doctor’s recommendations).

2. Pavel is 3 years old. Mom bought Amoxicillin suspension labeled 125 mg/5 ml. It is necessary to calculate the single and daily dose.

   Everything is simpler here. According to the instructions, children 2-5 years old should take 125 mg of Amoxicillin three times a day. Therefore, mom needs to give Pasha 5 ml (1 tsp) of medicine in the morning, lunch and evening. If she had bought granules to prepare a 250/5 ml suspension, then she would have needed ½ tsp per dose. three times a day.

1. Anya is 8 years old. Mom doesn’t know which Amoxicillin to buy - tablets or suspension. It is necessary to calculate the single and daily dose.
   Selection dosage form in this case it is individual. You can give your child 1 tsp. suspension 250/5 or 1 tablet 250 mg 3 times a day.

Amoxicillin strong antibiotic, it should be taken only as prescribed by a doctor.

Side effects

Like any other drug, Amoxicillin has a number of side effects:

• allergic reactions, manifested skin itching, Quincke's edema, anaphylactic shock;
• , erosion of mucous membranes;
• dizziness, headaches;
• insomnia;
• rarely - .

  

  Linex is a source of probiotic microorganisms; the medicine should be taken simultaneously with antibiotics.

  Marina writes in her review:

  “I have given Amoxicillin to the child only once so far. At 6 months my son suffered acute bronchitis, and the pediatrician prescribed this medicine. My child and I have no problems with stool, but to prevent dysbacteriosis, we started drinking Protectis - 5 drops once a day. There was nothing wrong with the chair.”

  Amoxicillin analogues

  There are several dozen medicines with similar active ingredients. Amoxicillin analogues in the form of a suspension have an identical mechanism of action and side effects.

  Oksana says:

  “When a daughter is seriously ill with rude barking cough, enlarged tonsils and high fever, I know that I need to buy her Amoxicillin. We drink according to the instructions - 1 tablet of 250 mg three times a day (we are 9 years old). Every day I make sure to give him something fermented milk so that there is no intestinal upset, and a lot of vitamin C. After a week she runs like new.”

Composition and release form of the drug

Granules for preparation of suspension for oral administration in the form of granular powder from white to white with a yellowish tint; when water is added a suspension is formed yellowish color with a characteristic fruity smell.

Excipients: sodium saccharinate dihydrate - 3.25 mg, simethicone S184 - 7.75 mg, guar gum - 21 mg, sodium benzoate - 25 mg, sodium citrate dihydrate - 27 mg, sucrose - 1642.5 mg, edible passionflower flavor - 1.75 mg, raspberry flavor - 5 mg , strawberry flavoring - 16.75 mg.

40 g (for preparing 100 ml of suspension) - dark glass bottles (1) complete with a 5 ml measuring spoon and a line for a volume of 2.5 ml - cardboard packs.

Pharmacological action

An antibiotic from the group of semisynthetic penicillins with a broad spectrum of action. It is a 4-hydroxyl analogue. Has a bactericidal effect. Active against aerobic gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus spp. (except for penicillinase-producing strains), Streptococcus spp.; aerobic gram-negative bacteria: Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, Escherichia coli, Shigella spp., Salmonella spp., Klebsiella spp.

Microorganisms that produce penicillinase are resistant to amoxicillin.

In combination with it is active in regarding Helicobacter pylori Amoxicillin is believed to inhibit the development of resistance Helicobacter pylori to metronidazole.

Cross-resistance exists between amoxicillin and ampicillin.

The spectrum of antibacterial action expands with the simultaneous use of amoxicillin and the beta-lactamase inhibitor clavulanic acid. This combination increases the activity of amoxicillin against Bacteroides spp., Legionella spp., Nocardia spp., Pseudomonas (Burkholderia) pseudomallei. However, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens and many other gram-negative bacteria remain resistant.

Pharmacokinetics

When taken orally, amoxicillin is quickly and completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and is not destroyed in acidic environment stomach. Cmax of amoxicillin in the blood is reached after 1-2 hours. When the dose is doubled, the concentration also increases by 2 times. In the presence of food in the stomach does not reduce total absorption. With intravenous, intramuscular and oral administration, similar concentrations of amoxicillin are achieved in the blood.

The binding of amoxicillin to plasma proteins is about 20%.

Widely distributed in tissues and body fluids. Reported high concentrations amoxicillin in the liver.

T1/2 from plasma is 1-1.5 hours. About 60% of the dose taken orally is excreted unchanged in the urine by glomerular filtration and tubular secretion; at a dose of 250 mg, the concentration of amoxicillin in the urine is more than 300 mcg/ml. A certain amount of amoxicillin is detected in feces.

In newborns and the elderly, T1/2 may be longer.

In case of renal failure T1/2 can be 7-20 hours.

In small quantities, amoxicillin penetrates the BBB during inflammation of the pia mater.

Amoxicillin is removed by hemodialysis.

Indications

For use as monotherapy and in combination with clavulanic acid: infectious and inflammatory diseases caused by sensitive microorganisms, incl. bronchitis, pneumonia, tonsillitis, pyelonephritis, urethritis, gastrointestinal infections, gynecological infections, infectious diseases of the skin and soft tissues, listeriosis, leptospirosis, gonorrhea.

For use in combination with metronidazole: chronic gastritis in the acute phase, gastric and duodenal ulcers in the acute phase, associated with Helicobacter pylori.

Contraindications

Infectious mononucleosis, lymphocytic leukemia, severe gastrointestinal infections accompanied by diarrhea or vomiting, respiratory viral infections, allergic diathesis, bronchial asthma, hay fever, hypersensitivity to penicillins and/or cephalosporins.

For use in combination with metronidazole: diseases nervous system; hematopoietic disorders, lymphocytic leukemia, infectious mononucleosis; hypersensitivity to nitroimidazole derivatives.

For use in combination with clavulanic acid: a history of liver dysfunction and jaundice associated with taking amoxicillin in combination with clavulanic acid.

Dosage

Individual. For oral administration single dose for adults and children over 10 years old (with body weight more than 40 kg) is 250-500 mg, with severe course diseases - up to 1 year. For children aged 5-10 years, a single dose is 250 mg; at the age of 2 to 5 years - 125 mg; for children under 2 years of age daily dose is 20 mg/kg. For adults and children, the interval between doses is 8 hours. For the treatment of acute uncomplicated gonorrhea - 3 g once (in combination with probenecid). In patients with impaired renal function with CC 10-40 ml/min, the interval between doses should be increased to 12 hours; with CC less than 10 ml/min, the interval between doses should be 24 hours.

At parenteral use adults i/m - 1 g 2 times/day, i/v (if normal function kidneys) - 2-12 g/day. Children IM - 50 mg/kg/day, single dose - 500 mg, frequency of administration - 2 times/day; IV - 100-200 mg/kg/day. For patients with impaired renal function, the dose and interval between administrations must be adjusted in accordance with CC values.

Side effects

Allergic reactions: urticaria, erythema, Quincke's edema, rhinitis, conjunctivitis; rarely - fever, joint pain, eosinophilia; in isolated cases - anaphylactic shock.

Effects associated with chemotherapy: development of superinfections is possible (especially in patients with chronic diseases or reduced body resistance).

At long-term use in high doses: dizziness, ataxia, confusion, depression, peripheral neuropathies, convulsions.

Mainly when used in combination with metronidazole: nausea, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea, constipation, epigastric pain, glossitis, stomatitis; rarely - hepatitis, pseudomembranous colitis, allergic reactions (urticaria, angioedema), interstitial nephritis, hematopoiesis disorders.

Advantageously when used in combination with clavulanic acid: cholestatic jaundice, hepatitis; rarely - erythema multiforme, toxic epidermal necrolysis, exfoliative dermatitis.

Drug interactions

Amoxicillin may reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives.

With the simultaneous use of amoxicillin with bactericidal antibiotics (including aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, cycloserine, rifampicin), synergism appears; with bacteriostatic antibiotics (including macrolides, chloramphenicol, lincosamides, tetracyclines, sulfonamides) - antagonism.

Amoxicillin enhances the effect indirect anticoagulants suppressing intestinal microflora, reduces K synthesis and prothrombin index.

Amoxicillin reduces the effect of drugs whose metabolism produces PABA.

Probenecid, diuretics, allopurinol, phenylbutazone, NSAIDs reduce the tubular secretion of amoxicillin, which may be accompanied by an increase in its concentration in the blood plasma.

Antacids, glucosamine, laxatives, aminoglycosides slow down and reduce, and increase, the absorption of amoxicillin.

At combined use amoxicillin and clavulanic acid, the pharmacokinetics of both components does not change.

Special instructions

Use with caution in patients prone to allergic reactions.

Amoxicillin in combination with metronidazole is not recommended for use in patients under 18 years of age; should not be used for liver diseases.

During combination therapy with metronidazole, it is not recommended to drink alcohol.

For impaired renal function

For patients with impaired renal function, the dose and interval between administrations must be adjusted in accordance with CC values.

For liver dysfunction

Amoxicillin in combination with metronidazole should not be used for liver disease.

The most ordeal For any mother, it is the illness of her own child. Sometimes doctors have to prescribe antibiotics to children to fight infectious diseases. Very often, doctors opt for the drug "Amoxicillin" in suspension. This is a fairly well-known and relatively inexpensive antibacterial drug. Reviews about the Amoxicillin suspension are positive. It is common in medical practice pediatricians, has established itself as an effective and safe remedy for children.

Release form

The antibiotic is available in the form of granules, from which a suspension is then prepared for oral administration. The contents of the drug are in a 100 ml bottle.

Depending on the dosage, the drug is marked with the numbers 125 (250) / 5 ml. This suggests that five milliliters of Amoxicillin suspension contain 125 (250) mg of the active substance, respectively.

The bottle is packed in a cardboard box.

Amoxicillin is also available in the form of tablets or capsules. As a rule, their dosage is 250 and 500 mg.

Compound

The antibiotic "Amoxicillin" in a five-milliliter suspension contains:

• The active substance is amoxicillin trihydrate 250 mg.
• Saccharin and sodium benzoate, simethicone, trisodium citrate anhydrous, gum, flavoring and sucrose.

Characteristics of the drug

According to the instructions for use, Amoxicillin in suspension is a penicillin antibiotic. The drug is produced in our country, Germany and the USA.

"Amoxicillin" suspension for children 250 mg is usually prescribed against negative microorganisms that provoke:

• Respiratory infections (otitis media, pharyngitis, sinusitis, bronchitis, bronchopneumonia, pneumonia). "Amoxicillin" reduces the manifestations of acute respiratory infections and reduces the time period necessary for recovery human body.
• Spicy and chronic infections digestive system, biliary tract (cystitis, pyelitis, nephritis, cholecystitis, acute intestinal infections(OKI)).
• Acute and chronic infections of the urinary system (for example, urethritis).
• Purulent diseases fabrics.
• Sepsis, borelliosis.

"Amoxicillin" has an effect on the following types of bacteria: Shigella, staphylococci, salmonella, streptococci and gonococci.

When combined with metronidazole, the antibiotic can be used in the treatment of gastritis and ulcers. Active components These drugs are used to prevent the growth of bacteria that cause these diseases. Reviews about the drug "Amoxicillin" are mostly positive. People celebrate it high efficiency, reasonable cost of the medicine.

Medicinal properties

"Amoxicillin" was created in the early seventies of the last century. This is a semi-synthetic antibiotic from the penicillin class. It is closest to Ampicillin, but more biologically available when taken orally. This is convenient when treating children. "Amoxicillin" is not susceptible to the action of gastric juice, which determines its better absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. After reception this antibiotic penetrates into all areas of the human body. This determines its high therapeutic effect. Dosage and concentration active substance"Amoxicillin" in the body depend on each other. Increasing the dose entails an increase in the content of the active substance in the body. More than half of the drug is excreted by the human kidneys; the remaining part of the drug is excreted through the liver.

Amoxicillin inhibits the synthesis of structural components of the microbial wall and has a bactericidal effect.

The use of Amoxicillin suspension as an antibiotic is used almost universally in the treatment of children and adults. The effect of using the drug occurs very quickly. It inhibits the synthesis of pathogenic cell walls. The drug has a bactericidal effect. It is active against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, cocci, gram-negative rods, as well as against microorganisms susceptible to penicillin and various anaerobic microorganisms.

The main disadvantage of the drug is that the antibiotic is a first-line drug. Nowadays, many resistant bacteria have appeared that produce beta-lactamases that can block the action of the antibiotic.

Contraindications

According to the instructions, the use of Amoxicillin in a 250 mg suspension is not recommended:

• In case of hypersensitivity to drugs containing penicillin.
• In the presence of infectious mononucleosis.
• In severe renal failure. When taking an antibiotic with clavulanic acid, liver disease is added to these contraindications.
• Subject to availability serious disorders digestive systems.
• For asthma.
• During pregnancy and lactation. It is worth noting that there is no data obtained from laboratory tests on the possible embryotoxic and mutagenic effects of Amoxicillin when taken during pregnancy. Although "Amoxicillin" after administration is contained in breast milk mother. This must be taken into account when prescribing the drug during breastfeeding.
• People with diabetes.

Amoxicillin and Metronidazole are not recommended for children to take together. Minimum age The period during which it is possible to take Amoxicillin is three years. In practice, treating pediatricians use this antibiotic to treat infants under three years old.

"Amoxicillin", like any antibiotic, is used to treat only infections caused by bacteria, and in the case of ARVI, influenza, herpes, its use will be harmful to humans.

Side effects

According to the instructions, Amoxicillin in suspension can cause a number of side effects:

• For example, in patients with sensitivity to cephalosporins, carbapenems, cross allergy.
• If people have severe gastrointestinal infections, accompanied by diarrhea and vomiting, poor absorption of the drug may be observed.
• Amoxicillin suspension does not give the desired result therapeutic effect in the treatment of ARVI.
• This antibiotic should be prescribed with extreme caution to people with a history of allergic diathesis, asthma, and gastrointestinal diseases.
• According to the instructions, Amoxicillin in suspension can provoke the following allergic reactions: urticaria, skin rash. Sometimes taking the drug is accompanied by fever, joint pain and even anaphylactic shock. Possibly caused by antibiotic use loose stool, nausea

When using Amoxicillin suspension:

• should be prescribed simultaneously antifungal drugs;
• it is necessary to monitor the functioning of the liver and kidneys of the human body;
• hand over general tests urine;
• take control blood tests.

Neurological reactions in the form of insomnia and confusion are possible in some people. Amoxicillin can lead to a decrease in the production of vitamin K. With prolonged course treatment With the drug, it is necessary to regularly check the functioning of the kidneys, liver and circulatory organs.

Overdose may cause severe diarrhea.

Dosage and method of administration

The suspension is a convenient and safe form of release of a medicinal product intended for children. You can take the suspension from three months. Babies under three months old can be given the drug under the strict supervision of a physician. The dosage of Amoxicillin in suspension 250 (125) mg is selected for each child individually. When calculating the dosage, the attending physician focuses primarily on the baby’s weight. According to the instructions for use, Amoxicillin in a 250 mg suspension is used according to the following regimen:

• Adults are prescribed 500 mg three times a day, and for severe illness - one gram three times a day.
• For children, Amoxicillin in a suspension of 250 mg is prescribed three times a day if they are between five and ten years old.
• Children aged two to five years are prescribed 125 mg three times a day, and children under two years of age are prescribed the drug at the rate of twenty mg per 1 kg of body weight and the calculated dose is divided into three equal doses. The course of treatment ranges from five to twelve days. The interval between doses for children according to the instructions for use of the Amoxicillin 250 suspension should be at least eight hours.
• When treating gonorrhea, doctors prescribe both partners a single dose of three grams of the drug in combination with a gram of probenecid. Women are recommended to take the dose of the drug again every other day.
• During treatment serious illnesses(defeats biliary tract bacteria) requires taking the drug in a dosage of up to two milligrams three times a day.
• Leptospirosis is treated by taking Amoxicillin at a dosage of 0.5-0.75 g four times a day for six to a maximum of twelve days.
• To get rid of salmonella, you need to take the drug in a dosage of up to two grams three times a day for two weeks, or a maximum of a month.
• When treating endocarditis before surgical operations adults are given four milligrams of Amoxicillin once an hour before surgery. The dose for a child should be half as much.

To prepare the Amoxicillin suspension, pour water into the bottle up to the special mark, and then shake the solution. The finished suspension should be kept at room temperature for up to half a month. Before taking, the bottle with the described antibiotic must be mixed well. Measuring spoon, which complements the drug, has a volume of five ml. When properly prepared, the suspension contains 250 mg of the active substance amoxicillin. Eating does not affect the absorption of the antibiotic.

Drug interactions

If the drug is taken together with probenecid, this may lead to an increase in the amount of amoxicillin in the blood by reducing its excretion by the kidneys. In this situation, the penetration of the drug into the tissue may be reduced.

Amoxicillin is combined with other medications. Some medications may affect its effectiveness. For example, bactericidal antibiotics increase its effectiveness when taken.

Some drugs prevent Amoxicillin from penetrating tissues, but ascorbic acid contributes to this process.

The drug reduces the effect of taking contraceptives. During therapy with this antibiotic, it is necessary to use additional methods protection.

The described antibiotic should not be taken together with alcoholic beverages. You should categorically avoid drinking alcoholic beverages for two to three days after finishing taking the antibiotic.

Analogs

Amoxicillin is the name of a chemical substance found in similar medications. We list the main analogues of Amoxicillin:

• "Amosin". An antibiotic with a wide range of uses from the group of semi-synthetic medicines. Used in the treatment of respiratory infections, genitourinary system, meningitis and other infectious diseases. Available in tablets for oral administration. They are taken regardless of food consumption. The use of Amosin during pregnancy is possible, but under the supervision of the attending physician. If it is necessary to use medication during breastfeeding should be stopped natural feeding child.
• "Ospamox". The antibiotic stops the synthesis of the membrane of sensitive microorganisms and causes their death. Almost 100% penetrates into the tissues in the intestines. The maximum concentration in the body is reached after two hours. The drug is distributed in the tissues and fluids of the human body and penetrates into breast milk. The drug is excreted primarily by the kidneys. The use of Ospamox during pregnancy is possible, but under the supervision of the attending physician. It is produced in capsules, tablets and granules for the preparation of suspension. The drug should be used with extreme caution by people with allergic diathesis and asthma. At long-term treatment monitoring of the functioning of the liver and kidneys is necessary.
• "Amoxicillin-ratiopharm". The drug is prescribed for the treatment of bacterial infections such as infections respiratory tract, genitourinary system, soft tissue infections. With prolonged treatment, it is necessary to monitor the state of the liver and kidney functions, since it is possible to provoke the development of a more severe infection due to an increase in microflora that is insensitive to it. When prescribed to patients with sepsis, a bacteriolysis reaction may develop. People sensitive to penicillin may have allergic reactions with other antibiotics.

Results

Pharmaceutical industry has developed many medicines, used to treat bacterial infections. One of the most popular and effective means Among the antibiotics is Amoxicillin. The medication is used for various diseases, when it is necessary to destroy the harmful microflora that causes them.

Amoxicillin suspension is a popular treatment for infections in children. The advantages include:

• insignificant likelihood of negative reactions;
• Possibility of use in newborns and infants;
• low price;
• ease of use of the suspension;
• there is production in our country.

The disadvantages, based on reviews and instructions for use of Amoxicillin 250 (125) mg, include:

• Possibility of allergic reactions.
• The presence of many drug-resistant bacteria.

In general, Amoxicillin has established itself as a treatment inflammatory diseases. Antibiotic distinguishes low price. It can be approximately 30 rubles for a package of ten tablets and approximately 60 rubles for a package of twenty capsules. Granulated powder for making a suspension also costs about sixty rubles. The shelf life of the antibiotic is three years. You can store the medication away from direct sunlight at temperatures less than 25ºС.

The decision to prescribe one or another antibiotic always remains with the attending physician.

statistic:

AMOSIN® (amoxicillin)

Powder for the preparation of suspension for oral administration 125 mg, 250 mg, 500 mg

• Registration number LS-001736
• Clinical and pharmacological group Antibacterial agents
• Pharmacotherapeutic group Antibiotic, semi-synthetic penicillin
• Trade name Amosin®
• International generic name amoxicillin
• Dosage form powder for oral suspension
• Compound Active substance: amoxicillin trihydrate (in terms of amoxicillin) - 0.125g, 0.250g, 0.500g or 5g. Excipients: polyvinylpyrrolidone (povidone), glucose (dextrose), disodium ethylenediamine salt N, N, N, N - tetraacetic acid 2-water (trilon B) (disodium edetate), sodium phosphate disubstituted (sodium hydrogen phosphate), sodium a-glutamic acid 1-water, food flavoring, vanillin, sugar (sucrose).
• ATX code
• Pharmacological properties Antibacterial, bactericidal, acid-resistant, broad-spectrum agent from the group of semi-synthetic penicillins. Inhibits transpeptidase, disrupts the synthesis of peptidoglycan (supporting protein of the cell wall) during division and growth, and causes lysis of bacteria. Active against aerobic gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus spp. (except for penicillinase-producing strains), Streptococcus spp; and aerobic gram-negative bacteria: Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, Escherichia coli, Shigella spp. Salmonella spp. Klebsiella spp. Microorganisms that produce penicillinase are resistant to amoxicillin. The action develops 15-30 minutes after administration and lasts 8 hours.
• Indications for use Bacterial infections caused by sensitive microflora: infections of the respiratory tract and ENT organs #40; sinusitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, acute otitis media; bronchitis, pneumonia#41;, genitourinary system #40;pyelonephritis, pyelitis, cystitis, urethritis, gonorrhea, endometritis, cervicitis#41;, gastrointestinal tract #40;peritonitis, enterocolitis, typhoid fever, cholangitis, cholecystitis#41;, skin and soft tissue infections #40;erysipelas, impetigo, secondary infected dermatoses#41;, leptospirosis, listeriosis, Lyme disease #40;borreliosis#41;, dysentery, salmonellosis, salmonella carriage, meningitis, endocarditis #40;prevention#41;, sepsis.
• Contraindications Hypersensitivity (including to other penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems), allergic diathesis, bronchial asthma, hay fever, infectious mononucleosis, lymphocytic leukemia, liver failure, a history of gastrointestinal tract diseases (especially colitis associated with the use of antibiotics), lactation period. With caution - pregnancy, renal failure, bleeding history.
• Use during pregnancy not specified
• Directions for use and doses

Inside, before or after meals.
Adults and children over 10 years old (with body weight more than 40 kg) are prescribed 0.5 g 3 times a day; for severe infection - 0.75-1 g 3 times a day. Children aged 5-10 years are prescribed 0.25 g 3 times a day; 2-5 years - 0.125 g 3 times a day; under 2 years - 20 mg/kg 3 times a day. The course of treatment is 5-12 days.
For acute uncomplicated gonorrhea, 3 g is prescribed once; When treating women, repeated administration of the indicated dose is recommended.
For acute infectious diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (paratyphoid fever, typhoid fever) and biliary tract, for gynecological infectious diseases for adults - 1.5-2 g 3 times a day or 1-1.5 g 4 times a day.
For leptospirosis in adults - 0.5-0.75 g 4 times a day for 6-12 days. For salmonella-carrying adults - 1.5-2 g 3 times a day for 2-4 weeks.
For the prevention of endocarditis in small surgical interventions adults - 3-4 g 1 hour before the procedure. If necessary, a repeat dose is prescribed after 8-9 hours. In children, the dose is halved. In patients with impaired renal function with a creatinine clearance of 15-40 ml/min, the interval between doses is increased to 12 hours; when creatinine clearance is below 10 ml/min, the dose is reduced by 15-50%; with anuria - maximum dose 2 g/day.
Preparation of the suspension.
Single dose package.
Boiled and cooled water is poured into a clean glass (see table), then the contents of one packet are poured out and mixed until a homogeneous suspension is obtained.

Dose per package, mg

Required amount of water, ml

After use, rinse the glass with water, dry and store in a dry, clean place.
Bottle or jar.
Add 62 ml of boiled and cooled water or distilled water to a bottle or jar containing 5 g of amoxicillin. 1 ml of the finished suspension contains 50 mg of amoxicillin. The suspension is shaken before use. The suspension is dosed with a double-sided spoon: the large spoon contains 5 ml (0.25 g), the small one - 2.5 ml (0.125 g) or with a spoon that has two marks: the bottom one corresponds to 2.5 ml (0.125 g) and the top one - 5 ml (0.25 g) ).

Powder for the preparation of suspension for oral administration 250 mg/5 ml; powder for the preparation of suspension for oral administration 125 mg, 250 mg and 500 mg.
60g of powder (5g of active substance) in orange glass jars or polyethylene bottles. Each jar or bottle with instructions for use and a spoon for taking medications or a pharmaceutical dosage spoon is placed in a cardboard pack.
1.5, 3g or 6g (125mg, 250 or 500mg of active substance respectively) powder in single-dose packets. 10, 20 or 40 single-dose packages with a plastic cup (or without a cup) and instructions for use are placed in a cardboard pack.

Storage conditions List B. In a dry place, protected from light, at a temperature of 15 to 25 ° C. The prepared suspension is stored in the refrigerator for no more than 10 days. Keep out of the reach of children.

Best before date 2 years. Do not use after expiration date.

Conditions for dispensing from pharmacies by prescription

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Amoxicillin for children - available in the form of a suspension

For what diseases in children will amoxicillin help?

Amoxicillin is an antibiotic that is used mainly to treat children (of any age) in outpatient setting. Most often, its prescription is required for bacterial complications of respiratory viral infections. It could be inflammatory processes in the nasopharynx (including paranasal sinuses nose), middle ear, larynx, trachea, bronchi. For viral infections, amoxicillin will not help, but to distinguish viral infection from her bacterial complication Only a doctor can.

It is possible to use amoxicillin for mild infectious and inflammatory diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract. But these diseases, in particular pyelonephritis, are often severe in children and require antibiotic injections.

Children often develop and skin infections in the form of streptococcal or staphylococcal impetigo, including secondary infection skin diseases. Amoxicillin, which has a broad spectrum of action, will have positive impact in this case too.

To a lesser extent, amoxicillin has an antibacterial effect against intestinal infections in children caused by E. coli, salmonellosis, and dysentery. But in some cases, amoxicillin is the most effective for such diseases.

It is also prescribed to prevent exacerbations of rheumatism in children as part of anti-relapse treatment.

Since the pathogen exhibits sensitivity to amoxicillin peptic ulcer stomach and duodenum (Helicobacter pylori) in some cases, amoxicillin is prescribed for the treatment and prevention of relapses of this disease in children.

Finally, from the forest to summer time can be carried on the body of a tick, some of them are carriers of borreliosis - a severe, often chronic infection that affects the skin, nervous system, joints and heart. Borreliosis pathogens are sensitive to amoxicillin.

In what cases should amoxicillin not be prescribed to a child?

Amoxicillin is contraindicated for children with individual intolerance of this drug, those suffering allergic diseases(bronchial asthma, hay fever, atopic dermatitis and so on - amoxicillin often causes or intensifies allergic processes), infectious mononucleosis, lymphocytic leukemia, severe liver diseases with dysfunction of this organ, intestinal diseases associated with the use of antibiotics.

Amoxicillin is prescribed with caution to children with impaired renal function (possibly to a lesser extent). daily dosage) and increased bleeding.

Most often, children have allergic reactions to amoxicillin, which can manifest themselves either in the form of a minor skin rash or in the form of severe allergies. In any case, amoxicillin should be stopped immediately.

In addition, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomatitis, inflammation of the tongue, short-term disturbance liver function, pain along the intestines (severe damage to the large intestine in the form of pseudomembranous colitis cannot be ruled out). Dysbacteriosis may develop.

From the central nervous system, headaches, mental and motor agitation may occur, increased anxiety, fears, sleep disturbances, sometimes confusion, seizures.

Characteristic changes may appear in the blood: a decrease in the number of leukocytes (leads to decreased immunity), red blood cells (anemia) and platelets (increased bleeding).

Only a doctor can prescribe amoxicillin to a child.

I'm not a fan of antibiotics, but now children get sick so much. And doctors immediately prescribe antibiotics. I wonder why? Are they being overhauled or have acute respiratory infections and acute respiratory viral infections really become so terrible? Who knows with our ecology. But I still try to use antibiotics only as a last resort, although it seems to me that this last resort is happening more and more often.

I saw that this antibiotic has more contraindications and side effects than medicinal properties. I would think twice before giving this drug to my child. It is possible that it can be replaced with something more gentle, or better yet, eliminated altogether. Anna correctly advises treating children folk ways, so at least there will be no harm, and the results have already been time-tested.

Isn’t it possible to treat acute respiratory infections without antibiotics? I once listened to Komarovsky’s program, he said that antibiotics are very harmful to child's body, as they disrupt the intestinal microflora and have a negative effect on all organs: liver, kidneys, heart. In my opinion, it’s better to rinse your nose saline solution, gargle, drink herbal decoctions, the harm will be much less.

Anna, what are you doing? There are very serious diseases that, without antibacterial drugs cure is simply not possible! Otherwise you can just get serious complications on the liver, kidneys and heart. You just need to understand that you should not take them in any situation, but strictly according to indications and after being prescribed by a doctor. And then some, whenever they sneeze, already run to buy them, and then complain that the drug has a bad effect.

Anna, I agree with you. Antibiotics are harmful not only for children, but also for adults. Therefore, I try not to use them. But sometimes it's simply necessary. If the disease is too severe or prolonged and it is clear that without them it can last for a very long time, then they have to be used. Although after them the immunity is weaker and you or the child are more likely to catch something again.

I personally know mothers and fathers who decide for themselves what and how to treat their children. My neighbors also give this drug to their children. It may be good and effective, but giving it without a doctor’s prescription is simply unacceptable! This is a child, how can you take on such responsibility. I think it is necessary to have conversations with such parents on medical topics.

Elena, I agree that any medications, especially antibacterial ones, should be taken strictly as prescribed by the doctor. But it seems that these people have already become accustomed to the fact that the drug works well and now, whenever they have a cough, they give it to their children, which is fundamentally wrong, children may get sick so often because they no longer have any immunity, they need a doctor with I talked to them, but it seems to me that it is useless.

Elena, I completely agree with you! This is simply outrageous! Have you tried to talk to them, explain that this is wrong? Personally, it seems to me that in such cases it is better to intervene and knock the stupid parents over the head. I wonder what he's doing district nurse? She must visit the child and look after him and his health. At least that's how it is with us.

Alena, what are you talking about? Talking to such parents is more expensive. Yes, in principle, sometimes I don’t really take advice on raising children either. I just read a lot, find out, and try to give the children the safest, the best. Maybe these dads also think so about these medications. Some people think that the main thing is that it helps now, and they will figure it out later.

Amoxicillin granules for preparations. suspensions for oral administration 250 mg/5 ml bottle 100 ml

Indications

Bacterial infections caused by pathogens sensitive to Amoxicillin:
– acute and chronic respiratory tract infections (angina, acute otitis media, pharyngitis, sinusitis; acute and chronic bronchitis, bronchopneumonia, lung abscess);
– acute and chronic infections of the gastrointestinal tract, biliary tract (peritonitis, cholecystitis, intestinal infections);
– acute and chronic infections of the urinary system (pyelonephritis, urethritis, gonorrhea);
– purulent infections of soft tissues;
– sepsis.

Contraindications

– hypersensitivity to penicillins;
– infectious mononucleosis.

Use during pregnancy and breastfeeding

There is currently no data on the possible embryotoxic, teratogenic or mutagenic effects of the drug when taken during pregnancy.
Amoxicillin is found in breast milk, which should be taken into account when prescribing Amoxicillin during lactation.

Special instructions

In patients with hypersensitivity to cephalosporins and carbapenems, the possibility of cross-allergy should be taken into account.
At severe infections gastrointestinal tract, accompanied constant diarrhea or vomiting, amoxicillin should not be given orally due to the possibility of poor absorption.
The use of antibiotics is ineffective in the treatment of acute respiratory viral infections.
Particular caution should be observed in patients with allergic diathesis or bronchial asthma and hay fever (hay fever), a history of gastrointestinal diseases (especially colitis associated with the use of antibiotics).
At long-term use Amoxicillin should be coadministered with nystatin, levorin or other antifungal drugs.
With long-term use of high doses of the drug in patients, liver and kidney function indicators should be monitored and general urine tests should be performed. It is advisable to monitor the peripheral blood picture.

Compound

5 ml of the finished suspension contains amoxicillin trihydrate 250 mg;
Excipients: sodium saccharin, simethicone, sodium benzoate, trisodium citrate anhydrous, gum, fragrance (with the smell of fruit, raspberries and strawberries), sucrose

Directions for use and doses

Directions for use and doses

Adults are prescribed 500 mg 3 times a day. In severe cases of the disease - 1 g 3 times a day.
Children aged 5-10 years are prescribed 250 mg 3 times/day, children 2-5 years old - 125 mg 3 times/day, children under 2 years old - at the rate of 20 mg/kg body weight (divided into 3 doses). The course of treatment is 5-12 days. The interval between doses is 8 hours.
For the treatment of acute uncomplicated gonorrhea, a single dose of 3 g is prescribed (in combination with 1 g of probenecid).
For women, it is recommended to repeat this dose every other day.

Side effects

Allergic reactions: urticaria, skin rash, erythema, exanthema, Quincke's edema, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, photosensitivity; rarely – fever, joint pain, eosinophilia; in isolated cases - anaphylactic shock.
Other: superinfection may develop with the appearance of loose stools and nausea.

Drug interactions

The simultaneous use of the drug with probenecid leads to an increase in the concentration of amoxicillin in the blood due to a decrease in its excretion by the kidneys. In this case, the penetration of amoxicillin into tissues may be reduced.